Maharashtra Board Class 10 Geography Chapter 8 Economy And Occupations PDF Download

Economy and Occupations

Try This

A table regarding the ownership of various sectors in both the countries is given. Like Brazil, fill the details regarding India and complete the table.

On the basis of the information about the ownership of various sectors in both the countries given in the table, can you infer about the type of these economies?

Teacher's Note

Both India and Brazil have mixed economies where government and private companies work together. For example, in India, both government ISRO and private companies like ISRO are in space business.

Exam Trick

Mixed economy = both government and private sectors. Remember: Public bank + Private bank = Mixed economy, just like in India we have SBI (public) and ICICI (private).

Points to Remember

Mixed economy has both public and private sectors.
Brazil owns some sectors publicly and some privately.
India also has the same mixed economy system.
Government and private companies both work together in these countries.

Geographical Explanation

An economy of a country depends on the economic activities carried out in the country. You have learnt that there are 3 types of economic activities in an economy.

Classify the following activities by ticking in the respective column.

Teacher's Note

Primary activities use natural things. Secondary makes things. Tertiary gives services. For example, farmer = primary, factory worker = secondary, teacher = tertiary.

Exam Trick

Primary = Pick from nature (farming, mining). Secondary = Sell made goods (clothes, cars). Tertiary = Sell service (doctor, teacher, driver).

Points to Remember

Primary activities take things from nature like farming and mining.
Secondary activities make finished goods from raw materials.
Tertiary activities give services to people.
All three types are needed in an economy.

Economic Activities in Brazil and India

In figure 8.2, the pie-charts show the contribution of each sector in the respective country's GDP and the percentage of population engaged in various activities. Read both the pie-charts carefully and answer the following questions.

Give It a Try

Read the following graph and answer the questions:

Which country's national income was highest in 2016 and was it how much?

Comparing India and Brazil, which country had a higher national income in 1980?

Comparing India and Brazil, which country had a higher income in 2016?

Tell the difference between the GNP of Brazil and India in 2016.

Calculate the difference between the national incomes of developed and developing countries in 2016.

Teacher's Note

National income shows how much money a country makes from all its work. USA makes more money than Brazil or India because it is developed and has new technology.

Exam Trick

Higher national income = more jobs and more money in the country. USA is highest because it has factories, technology, and business.

Points to Remember

National income is total money earned by a country.
USA has the highest national income of all three countries.
India and Brazil earn less money than USA.
Per capita income means money per person.

Let's Recall

Which country has a higher percentage of population engaged in primary activities?

In which country is the contribution of tertiary sector greater in the GDP?

In which country is the share of secondary activities more in the GDP?

Can we say that Brazil is an agrarian economy like India? Give reasons.

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