Maharashtra Board Class 10 English Chapter 1.2 An Encounter of a Special Kind Solutions

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ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस चित्र में एक छोटी लड़की नदी के गहरे पानी में एक बड़े गोल टब में एक पिल्ले को ले जाते हुए दिखाई गई है। वह पिल्ले को डूबने से बचाने की कोशिश कर रही है।

Question 1. What do you see in the picture?
Answer: I see a small girl carrying a puppy in a large round tub, in neck-deep water of the river.
In simple words: The picture shows a young girl rescuing a puppy from the river, carrying it in a tub.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on direct observation and precise language when describing images.

Question 2. What do you think the girl is trying to do? Why?
Answer: The girl, I believe, is trying to rescue the puppy from drowning in the river because anyhow she wanted to save the puppy.
In simple words: The girl is trying to save the puppy from drowning because she cares for its safety.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked "Why?", provide a clear reason that explains the action.

Question 3. If you were in the place of that girl, what would you do?
Answer: I would also have tried to rescue the puppy, if that was within my reach.
In simple words: If in her place, I would also try to save the puppy if I could reach it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Personal response questions should be answered directly and genuinely based on the scenario.

Question 4. Do you think, she was successful in her action?
Answer: Yes, the girl has rescued the puppy from drowning in the river. So, I think she was successful in saving the puppy.
In simple words: Yes, she was successful because she rescued the puppy from the river.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a clear "Yes" or "No" and support it with evidence from the implied situation.

Match the appropriate headings with the images.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): चित्र A एक व्यक्ति को कई किताबों से घिरा हुआ और प्रसन्न दिखाता है। चित्र B एक व्यक्ति को शांत वातावरण में किताब में तल्लीन दिखाता है। चित्र C एक बड़े हरे-भरे घर और बगीचे को दर्शाता है। चित्र D एक व्यक्ति को परेशान और कुत्तों के भौंकने से विचलित होते हुए दिखाता है, जबकि वह पढ़ने की कोशिश कर रहा है।

Question 1.
1. Our luxurious bungalows. []
2. My Favourite pastime. [ ]
3. What a commotion! []
4. Engrossed in my book. []
Answer:
1. Our Luxurious Bungalows [C]
2. My Favourite Pastime. [A]
3. What a Commotion! [D]
4. Engrossed in my book. [B]
In simple words: The task is to match the given descriptions to the corresponding images.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully observe each image and read the descriptions to make accurate matches, noting subtle details.

English Workshop:

Question 1. State whether you agree or disagree with the following statements. Justify your choice with proper reasons.
(a) The compound where the writer was living, was rich in nature's bounty.
(b) Holidays provide us an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks.
(c) The narrator made a mistake by saving the baby langur.
(d) Animals cannot convey emotions.
(e) The narrator was fifty-five years old when this incident occured.
Answer:
(a) The compound where the writer was living was rich in nature's bounty. - Agree
(b) Holidays provide the children an opportunity to read various magazines and storybooks. - Agree
(c) The incident occurred during summer vacation. - Disagree
(d) Magazines and storybooks were published specially for adults in the festive season. - Disagree
(e) Writer's father was a medical professional. - Agree
In simple words: For each statement, determine if it's true or false based on the story and state "Agree" or "Disagree."

🎯 Exam Tip: Read each statement carefully and recall specific details from the text to justify your agree/disagree choice.

2. Match the phrases given in Group 'A' with their meanings in Group 'B'.

Question 1.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the nuances of each phrase and its potential meanings to ensure accurate matching.

3. Write In Your Own Words

Question. Why did the narrator Ignore the barking of dogs?
(i)
(ii)
Answer:
(i) The narrator thought that the pack of dogs, as usual, must have trapped an unfortunate pig.
(ii) So he ignored the barking of dogs.
In simple words: The narrator ignored the barking because he assumed the dogs were just bothering a pig, as they usually did.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a concise reason for the narrator's action, linking it to their initial assumption.

Question. Why did motherelangur make no effort to grab her baby from the coop?
(i)
(ii)
Answer:
(i) Mother langur did not make any effort to grab her baby.
(ii) It was because she was completely sure that the writer was not doing any harm to her baby and whatever he was doing was for the good of the baby.
In simple words: The mother langur trusted the writer and believed he was helping her baby, not harming it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the element of trust and the mother's perception of the writer's intentions in your explanation.

4. Read the text carefully and arrange the occurance of happenings in the text in a sequential order.

Question 1. Read the text carefully and arrange the occurance of happenings in the text in a sequential order.
Answer:
I was engrossed in various magazines and storybooks. (1)
I became deeply absorbed in the book. (2)
I heard the disturbance approaching closer. (3)
I saw something horrible. (4)
I recalled the terrible custom in the animal clan. (5)
I took the baby langur to the backyard. (6)
I gathered a stout stick and then started throwing stones. (7)
I managed to catch hold of the baby langur's tail. (8)
I offered him a peeled banana. (9)
I allowed the mother, access to her baby. (10)
I cannot forget that look in her eyes. (11)
I was showed that food was not the only means of communication. (12)
I still fondly remember that encounter. (13)
In simple words: This question requires sequencing events from the story in the correct chronological order as they happened.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully read through the entire story and identify key events. Then, arrange them step-by-step from beginning to end to ensure correct chronology.

Question a. What would you do, if you find an injured bird while returning from your school?
Answer: If I find an injured animal, I will pick it up tenderly and bring it to my home carefully. I will put some drops of water in his mouth to make it fresh. I will examine its injury and apply antiseptic ointment to its injured part and bandage it without hurting it. When it is a little bit comfortable, I will provide it water and food. Then I shall keep it in small basket with cotton spread in it. I will see to it that it is safe in the place. I will take its care till it has enough strength or till it is fully recovered from the injury.
In simple words: If I found an injured bird, I would gently take it home, provide first aid and water, and care for it until it recovers completely.

🎯 Exam Tip: Offer a compassionate and practical step-by-step plan for helping an injured animal.

Question b. What opinion do you form about the narrator, from the story?
Answer: The writer of this story is a very sensitive, sympathetic and loving person. His qualities of humanity and courage are admirable and incredible. His thoughts about human-animal relations are great. He believes that communication between man and animal depends not only on food but also on trust, compassion and mutual understanding.
In simple words: The narrator is sensitive, courageous, and compassionate, believing in trust and understanding between humans and animals.

🎯 Exam Tip: Base your opinion on the narrator's actions and thoughts throughout the story, highlighting their key character traits.

6. Complete the following and write a paragraph on each of the given activities.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख दो मुख्य संबंधों को दर्शाता है: 'माँ-बच्चा' संबंध जिससे 'प्यार और स्नेह' उत्पन्न होता है, और 'घायल जानवर' की सहायता कैसे करें जिसमें 'पानी/भोजन प्रदान करना' शामिल है।

Question 1. Complete the following and write a paragraph on each of the given activities.
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'माँ-बच्चा संबंध' के विभिन्न पहलुओं को दर्शाता है, जिसमें प्यार और स्नेह, देखभाल व नर्सिंग, पालन-पोषण व स्वस्थ रखना, नैतिक मूल्य, और प्रेरणा व प्रोत्साहन शामिल हैं।

Paragraph: Mother-child Relationship
The relationship between Mother and child is very close and inseparable. Mother's love for a child is eternal. It is selfless. Her love and affection for her children are boundless and invaluable. She looks after them, nurses them and strives hard for her children's upbringing and keeping them healthy.
She teaches them their family culture and moral values. The child also loves its mother immensely. Mother guides, inspires and encourages her children throughout their life. How wonderful and pleasant relationship is this!

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख बताता है कि घायल जानवर की मदद कैसे करें, जिसमें उसे घर लाना, प्राथमिक चिकित्सा और पट्टी करना, पानी और भोजन प्रदान करना, उसे सुरक्षित स्थान पर रखना और उसकी पूरी तरह से ठीक होने तक देखभाल करना शामिल है।

Paragraph: How I will help an injured Animal
If I find an injured animal, I will pick it up tenderly and bring it to my home carefully. I will put some drops of water in his mouth to make it fresh. I will examine its injury and apply antiseptic ointment to its injured part and bandage it without hurting it. When it is a little bit comfortable, I will provide it water and food.
Then I shall keep it in small basket with cotton spread in it. I will see to it that it is safe in the place. I will take its care till it has enough strength or till it is fully recovered from the injury.
In simple words: The question asks to complete a diagram about Mother-Child relationship and helping injured animals, then write paragraphs describing each.

🎯 Exam Tip: For diagram completion, identify relevant concepts. For paragraphs, elaborate on these concepts with descriptive language and a clear structure.

7. Work in pairs and make as many words as you can, using letters in the word. 'ENCOUNTER'.

Question 1. Make smaller words (minimum 3 letters each) using the letters in the word 'Encounter' :
(Note: In the activity sheet you will be asked to write only four words)

🎯 Exam Tip: Systematically try combinations of letters to form valid words, starting with shorter lengths and moving to longer ones.

8. Translate the following proverbs in good English :

Question 1. जनसेवा हीच खरी ईश्वरसेवा.
Answer: Service to man is service to God.
In simple words: This proverb means that serving other people is equivalent to serving a higher power or God.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the core message of the Hindi proverb to find its closest English equivalent.

Question 2. पेरावे तसे उगवते.
Answer: As you sow, so shall you reap.
In simple words: This proverb means that the results you get are a direct consequence of your actions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose an English proverb that accurately reflects the cause-and-effect relationship implied in the Hindi original.

9. Write a paragraph and give an appropriate title to it. Use the following points.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'मनुष्य के सबसे अच्छे दोस्त - पक्षी और जानवर' के बीच के संबंध को दर्शाता है। इसमें बताया गया है कि वे वफादार होते हैं, प्यार और स्नेह देते हैं, हमारी सेवा करते हैं, सुरक्षा प्रदान करते हैं, और उनके प्रति दया, ईमानदारी और करुणा दिखानी चाहिए, जिससे अकेलापन दूर होता है।

Question 1. Write a paragraph and give an appropriate title to it. Use the following points.
Answer:
Man's Best Friends - Birds and Animals
The relations between birds, animals and man are complementing each other. In absence of this relationship our environment is disturbed and we risk our whole balance of ecology in our area. That is why, man must treat the birds and animals with great love and affection. They are our best friends. They are loyal to man and serve us in many ways. We must preserve our eternal relationship kindly, honestly and compassionately. So it is our duty to protect them; take care of their security without hurting them.
It is our duty to maintain this relationship because they cannot speak. They try to explain their feelings without words. Their eyes and actions speak. Try to understand them with love, affection and help them in their needs. Man needs the company of birds and animals. Love the wildlife and avoid loneliness. Protect them!
In simple words: This task requires writing a paragraph about the importance of birds and animals as human companions, emphasizing kindness, protection, and mutual respect.

🎯 Exam Tip: Structure your paragraph with an introduction, body, and conclusion, ensuring all given points are integrated smoothly and logically.

10. (A) Complete the remaining blocks determining the types of news.

Question. Complete the remaining blocks determining the types of news.
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'समाचार के प्रकार' को एक वेब प्रारूप में दिखाता है, जिसमें 'बिजनेस' और 'स्पोर्ट्स' जैसे कुछ प्रकार दिए गए हैं, और अन्य प्रकारों को भरने के लिए रिक्त स्थान छोड़े गए हैं।

Template for a News Report
(a) Headline (Title)
(b) Dateline (Day, Date, Place, Resource)
(c) Intro (Covering Maximum WH questions)
(d) Short continuing paragraph (Details)
Answer:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह आरेख 'समाचार के विभिन्न प्रकारों' को दर्शाता है, जिसमें बिजनेस, सिटी न्यूज़, पॉलिटिक्स, स्पोर्ट्स, इंटरनेशनल न्यूज़ और इकोनॉमिक्स शामिल हैं।

🎯 Exam Tip: Think broadly about different categories of news covered by media to complete the web accurately, covering various societal aspects.

(B) Read the following headline and write a news report. Follow the steps as given.

Question 1. Read the following headline and write a news report. Follow the steps as given.
Headline → 'Tiger attacks 8-year old at Rajiv Gandhi National Park.'
Answer:
Tiger attacks 8-year old at Rajiv Gandhi National Park.
Goregon July 4: Recently tiger attacks on humans have become frequent in the nearby areas of Rajiv Gandhi National Park. A tragic death of 8 year old child attacked by a tiger, has shocked the people in the slum area near the Rajiv Gandhi National Park. It is learnt that early in the morning the child entered alone in the wildlife reserve for defecation.
The tiger crouching behind a fence of bushes attacked the young child and killed him. Slum dwellers gathered around to rescue him could not save him. The slum-dwellers are demanding that the Forest Department should arrange for rigorous patrols to restrict such incidents of human-animal conflicts and construct a boundary wall between the human- habitats and the Park.
In simple words: The task is to write a news report based on the headline "Tiger attacks 8-year old at Rajiv Gandhi National Park," including dateline, intro, and details.

🎯 Exam Tip: Follow the news report template: start with a strong headline, include a dateline, cover the main facts (who, what, when, where, why) in the intro, and expand with more details in the body, using a third-person perspective.

Achievers Narrate Their Success Stories At Career Counselling Events.

Question 1.
Read the following Headlines and write the dateline, intro and a short continuing paragraph.
Achievers narrate their success stories at career counselling events.
Answer:
**Career Counselling with Achievers**
**Nagpur, Wednesday, 15th August:** Kripa Sindhu High School in Nagpur organized a 'Career Counselling Camp' for Class X students on 15th August 2019 at 5 p.m. Renowned personalities from diverse professions were invited to share their career journeys and success stories. The event featured professionals from fields such as medicine, sports, arts, acting, and engineering. Each speaker detailed their dreams, their pursuit of their chosen career, and how they achieved success despite challenges. They emphasized that great heights can be reached through consistent effort, even when facing overwhelming odds. The audience was deeply moved by the inspiring tales of these top-tier professionals. The students recognized the significance of the career counselling event, finding it a valuable experience for vocational guidance.
In simple words: This news report describes a career counselling event at Kripa Sindhu High School where successful professionals shared their experiences and motivated students.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to include a clear headline, dateline (place and date), an introductory paragraph covering the main facts, and a short continuing paragraph with details when writing a news report.

India's First Ever Tourism University To Be Established By IIHM

Question 1.
Read the following Headlines and write the dateline, intro and a short continuing paragraph.
India's first ever tourism university to be established by IIHM.
Answer:
**India to Get First Tourism University**
**New Delhi, Friday, 20th September:** The Indian Institute of Hotel Management (IIHM) has announced plans to establish India's first dedicated Tourism University. This initiative aims to address the growing demand for trained professionals in the flourishing tourism industry. The university will offer specialized education in hospitality, booking, accommodation, tour destination selection, and smooth pleasure tour management. This move is seen as a crucial step towards providing good prospects and developing skilled human resources for the sector.
In simple words: This news report highlights the establishment of India's first Tourism University by IIHM to cater to the need for trained professionals in the expanding tourism sector.

🎯 Exam Tip: For news reports, ensure your headline is catchy and informative, and the body provides a comprehensive yet concise overview of the event, including its significance.

Language Study:

1. Present Participle: The form of a verb, ending in 'ing', which is used in forming continuous tenses. For example, He is sitting here. Present participle can also be used as an adjective. For example, He uses a walking stick.
Now, find out the 'ing' forms from the story and classify them into the following table.

Question 1.
find out the 'ing' forms from the story and classify them into the following table.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस तालिका में 'ing' प्रत्यय वाले शब्दों को दो श्रेणियों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है: एक जो विशेषण के रूप में प्रयुक्त होते हैं (जैसे 'twinkling eyes'), और दूसरे जो क्रिया के रूप में निरंतर काल में प्रयोग होते हैं (जैसे 'was oozing'). छात्रों को पाठ से ऐसे शब्द ढूंढकर इन श्रेणियों में भरना है।
Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding the function of '-ing' words as either adjectives or parts of continuous verbs is key for grammar accuracy and varied sentence structure. Pay attention to how they modify nouns versus how they combine with auxiliary verbs.

Question 2.
Spot the error and correct the following sentences.
(a) My grandparents laid down for an afternoon nap.
(b) A stranger were knocking at our door.
(c) My sister and I shares a study room.
(d) One of my friend, is leaving school.
(e) A flock of birds were flying overhead.
Answer:
(a) My grandparents lay down for an afternoon nap.
(b) A stranger was knocking at our door.
(c) My sister and I share a study room.
(d) One of my friends, is leaving the school.
(e) A flock of birds is flying overhead.
In simple words: This exercise focuses on correcting common grammatical errors related to verb tense, subject-verb agreement, and plural forms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always double-check subject-verb agreement (singular subject takes singular verb, plural takes plural), correct past tense forms, and use plural nouns after "one of my..."

Question 3.
Rewrite the sentences as per instructions given along with.
Question a.
I took the baby langur to our backyard.
(Rewrite the sentence in the Past Perfect Tense)
Answer:
I had taken the baby langur to our backyard.
In simple words: To change a sentence to past perfect tense, use "had" followed by the past participle (V3) form of the main verb.

🎯 Exam Tip: Past perfect tense (had + past participle) is used to describe an action completed before another action in the past.

Question b.
She simply sat there quietly.
(Rewrite the sentence in the Present Continuous Tense)
Answer:
She is simply sitting there quietly.
In simple words: To change a sentence to present continuous tense, use "is/am/are" followed by the present participle (V-ing) form of the main verb.

🎯 Exam Tip: Present continuous tense (is/am/are + V-ing) describes an action happening at the moment of speaking or a temporary action.

Question c.
The mother langur looked straight into my eyes.
(Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Present Tense)
Answer:
The mother langur looks straight into my eyes.
In simple words: To change a sentence to simple present tense, use the base form of the verb, adding 's' or 'es' for third-person singular subjects.

🎯 Exam Tip: Simple present tense is used for habitual actions, facts, and general truths. Remember subject-verb agreement: 'looks' for 'mother langur' (singular).

Question d.
She surveyed the area for the vicious male langur.
(Rewrite the sentence in the Simple Future Tense)
Answer:
She will survey the area for the vicious male langur.
In simple words: To change a sentence to simple future tense, use "will" followed by the base form of the main verb.

🎯 Exam Tip: Simple future tense (will + base verb) is used to express actions that will happen in the future.

My English Coursebook 10th Digest Chapter 1.2 An Encounter Of A Special Kind Additional Important Questions And Answers

Complex Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Complete the web describing the campus where writer's family lived:
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह वेब आरेख लेखक के परिवार के रहने वाले परिसर का वर्णन करता है। इसमें दिखाया गया है कि परिसर में व्यक्तिगत बंगले थे, एक असवथा पेड़ के पास लंगूरों का एक समूह रहता था, रसोई के बगीचों और पेड़ों ने पक्षियों और गिलहरियों को आकर्षित किया, और इसमें हरी घास, रंगीन फूल और राजसी पेड़ों के साथ एक शानदार परिसर था।
Answer:
The campus where the writer's family lived was characterized by:

1. **A group of langurs** had made their den in an aswatha tree nearby. 2. It was a **large campus of individual bungalows**. 3. The **kitchen gardens and the magnificent trees** attracted many birds and squirrels. 4. The **compound was luxurious with green grass, colourful flowers and majestic trees**.
In simple words: The web diagram illustrates the peaceful and nature-rich environment of the writer's family campus, highlighting the presence of langurs, beautiful gardens, and bungalows.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing web diagrams, extract key descriptive phrases or facts directly from the text and arrange them logically around the central theme.

Question 2.
How did the family relax after lunch?
Answer:
After eating a sufficient and wholesome lunch, the writer's parents and his sisters lay down for an afternoon nap. The author settled down with a storybook. The sound of their snoring in sleep was such that it occasionally broke the silence of the writer's house.
In simple words: After lunch, the writer's family members took an afternoon nap, while the writer chose to read a storybook.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to details describing daily routines or specific events in the narrative to answer direct factual questions accurately.

Question 3.
What wicked custom is practised by animals who live in groups?
Answer:
According to the wicked custom in the animal clan who live in groups, a dominant, powerful male does not allow another male or adult to survive within its group. Mostly the leader of the group kills male babies or adults.
In simple words: The cruel practice among group-living animals is that the dominant male often kills other male babies or adults to maintain its power within the group.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked about customs or practices, ensure your answer clearly states the practice and its main consequence or purpose within the given context.

Question 4.
Complete the web with the help of the information given in the passage :

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह वेब आरेख उस दृश्य का वर्णन करता है जिसे लेखक ने छत पर देखा था। यह दिखाता है कि एक बड़ा नर लंगूर अपने हाथों में एक बच्चे लंगूर को पकड़े हुए था और उसे मारने के इरादे से निर्दयतापूर्वक काट रहा था। असहाय माँ और अन्य छोटे लंगूर इमारतों की छतों पर बिखरे हुए थे, बच्चे के मारे जाने को निष्क्रिय रूप से देख रहे थे।
Answer:
The writer saw on the roof that:

1. A **big male langur was holding a baby langur in his hands**. 2. He was **mercilessly biting it with the intention of killing it**. 3. The **helpless mother and all other lesser langurs were scattered on the roofs of other buildings**. 4. They **passively were watching the baby being killed**.
In simple words: The web diagram illustrates the horrifying scene the writer witnessed on the roof, where a dominant male langur was attacking a baby langur while the others watched helplessly.

🎯 Exam Tip: For descriptive webs, identify the main subject (what was seen) and then list all relevant details and observations from the text clearly.

Question 5.
What did the writer do to restrain the big langur from killing the baby langur?
Answer:
When the writer realised that the big langur was about to kill the baby langur, he gathered a big, strong stick in one hand and threw a piece of stone at the attacking langur. The big langur did not take notice of his attack; so he started throwing more stones at it. In this way, the writer restrained the big langur from killing the baby langur.
In simple words: The writer intervened by throwing stones and using a stick to distract and deter the aggressive langur from killing the baby langur.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a sequence of actions, list them in chronological order for clarity and completeness.

Question 6.
Complete the following web and describe the condition of wounded baby langur :
(Answer is directly given and underlined.)

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह वेब आरेख घायल शिशु लंगूर की स्थिति का वर्णन करता है। इसमें दिखाया गया है कि शिशु लंगूर बिना किसी ऊर्जा के गतिहीन पड़ा था और मृत लग रहा था, उसकी साँसें धीमी थीं, उसका शरीर गहरे काटने के निशान और खरोंचों से भरा था, और घावों से खून बह रहा था।
Answer:
The condition of the wounded baby langur was:
1. The baby langur **was without any energy and appeared to be dead**.
2. The baby **remained motionless and his breaths were slow**.
3. His body **was full of deep bite marks and scratches**.
4. Blood **was oozing from some of the wounds**.
In simple words: The web diagram details the critical condition of the injured baby langur, describing its motionless state, slow breathing, numerous bite marks, and bleeding wounds.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to describe a condition, gather all relevant physical and behavioral details from the text to provide a comprehensive picture.

Question 7.
Complete the following web with the information from the passage :
(Answer is directly given.)

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह वेब आरेख उन प्रयासों को दर्शाता है जिन्होंने शिशु लंगूर को पुनर्जीवित करने में मदद की। इसमें शामिल था कि लेखक ने शिशु लंगूर की पूंछ पकड़कर उसे सुरक्षित रूप से मुर्गीघर में ले गया, लेखक के पिता ने घावों को साफ करने और रक्तस्राव को रोकने के लिए प्राथमिक उपचार दिया, लेखक ने शिशु के शरीर पर ठंडा पानी छिड़क कर उसे सीधा बिठाया, और उसे छिला हुआ केला दिया जिसे उसने स्वीकार कर खा लिया।
Answer:
What attempts helped the baby langur to revive?
1. The writer caught hold of the baby langur's tail and **safely took him inside the poultry coup in their backyard**.
2. The writer's father **gave him first aid to clean the wounds and stop the bleeding**.
3. The writer **splashed cold water on the baby's body and made him sit up**.
4. He **offered him peeled banana which he accepted and ate up**.
In simple words: The diagram outlines the steps taken to save the baby langur, including rescue, first aid, hydration, and feeding, which led to its recovery.

🎯 Exam Tip: For process-oriented webs, list the actions in logical or chronological order, ensuring each step contributes to the overall outcome.

Question 8.
Arrange the following events as per their sequence:
(Board's Model Activity Sheet)
1. Writer's father provided first aid to clean the wounds.
2. After a few shaky attempts, the baby langur sat up.
3. The writer turned away from the coop.
4. The writer took the baby langur to their backyard.
Answer:
The correct sequence of events is:
4. The writer took the baby langur to their backyard.
1. Writer's father provided first aid to clean the wounds.
2. After a few shaky attempts, the baby langur sat up.
3. The writer turned away from the coop.
In simple words: This question asks to arrange a series of events from the story into their correct chronological order.

🎯 Exam Tip: When sequencing events, look for logical connections and time markers in the text to establish the correct order of occurrence.

Question 9.
Complete the following :
Answer:
1. Mother langur simply sat quietly because **she was convinced that no harm was being done to her child**.
2. The baby langur started to sob and cry because **he sensed the presence of his mother**.
3. The baby found comfort and peace in **caring arms of his mother**.
4. (Mother langur gave a thorough inspection of baby langur's body because **she wanted to check his injuries**.
In simple words: This task requires completing sentences based on context from the story, focusing on the actions and motivations of the mother and baby langur.

🎯 Exam Tip: To complete sentences accurately, recall specific details and reasons provided in the passage, ensuring logical coherence.

Question 10.
Complete the web:

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह वेब आरेख लेखक को पशु-मानव संबंध के बारे में सामने आए सत्य को दर्शाता है। यह उजागर करता है कि भोजन ही मनुष्य और जानवर के बीच संचार का एकमात्र साधन नहीं था, बल्कि विश्वास, करुणा और आपसी समझ के माध्यम से अपने संबंध स्थापित करने के अन्य साधन भी थे।
Answer:
Truth revealed to the narrator about animal-human relationship:
1. The incident revealed the truth to the narrator that **food was not the only means of communication between man and animal**.
2. There were other means to establish their relationship through **trust, compassion and mutual understanding**.
In simple words: The web diagram illustrates the narrator's realization that the bond between humans and animals extends beyond just food, encompassing trust, compassion, and mutual understanding.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing a concept web, identify the central idea and then branch out with supporting details or revelations directly from the text.

Activities Based On Vocabulary:

Question 1.
Match the words in Column 'A' with their meanings in Column 'B' :

Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: To excel in matching vocabulary questions, learn synonyms and contexts in which words are used. If unsure, eliminate options you know are incorrect.

Question 2.
Match the phrases in Column 'A' with their meanings in Column 'B':

Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: When matching phrases, consider the overall context of the phrase and try to connect it with its most appropriate meaning. Practice with various idioms and phrasal verbs.

Question 3.
Write from the passage the antonyms of the following :
1. mercifully
2. submissive
3. recognize
4. greater
Answer:
1. mercifully × mercilessly
2. submissive × aggressive
3. recognize × ignore
4. greater × lesser
In simple words: This question asks to find words from the passage that have the opposite meaning (antonyms) of the given words.

🎯 Exam Tip: To find antonyms from a passage, first understand the meaning of the given word, then scan the text for words that express the direct opposite concept. Sometimes, a prefix like 'un-' or 'im-' can help identify antonyms.

Question 4.
Find present participles and past participles used as adjectives :
Answer:
1. Present Participles: sloping roof, twinkling eyes.
2. Past Participles: unexpected attack, unknown quarter, muffled cry, peeled banana.
In simple words: This task involves identifying 'ing' (present participle) and 'ed' or irregular (past participle) forms of verbs when they function as adjectives modifying nouns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that present participles (V-ing) as adjectives describe something that *is* doing the action (e.g., *twinkling* eyes), while past participles (V-ed) as adjectives describe something that *has been* acted upon (e.g., *peeled* banana).

Question 5.
Match the words in column 'A' with their meanings in column 'B' :

Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Expand your vocabulary by regularly noting down new words and their meanings. Contextual clues in the passage can often help deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words.

Question 6.
Match the synonyms :
(Board's Model Activity Sheet)

Answer:

🎯 Exam Tip: Understanding synonyms enhances your writing and comprehension. Practice identifying words that can be substituted for one another without changing the sentence's core meaning.

Question 7.
Write opposites of the following from the passage :
1. steady
2. known
3. expected
4. firm.
Answer:
1. steady × unsteady
2. known × unknown
3. expected × unexpected
4. firm × shaky
In simple words: This question asks for antonyms (words with opposite meanings) of the given terms, as found in the reading passage.

🎯 Exam Tip: When looking for opposites, consider prefixes (un-, in-, dis-) that often denote negation. Always confirm the opposite meaning in the context of the passage.

Question 8.
Write the meaning of the following words from the options given in the brackets :
(breast, comfort, weird, evil)
1. uncanny
2. vicious
3. bosom
4. solace
Answer:
1. uncanny – weird
2. vicious - evil
3. bosom - breast
4. solace - comfort
In simple words: This exercise involves selecting the correct meaning for each word from a given list of options.

🎯 Exam Tip: To accurately match words with their meanings, understand the precise definition of each word. If options are provided, eliminate those that are clearly incorrect.

Activities Based On Contextual Grammar:

Rewrite The Sentences As Per Tenses Mentioned In The Brackets:

Question 1.
My father was a medical professional.
(Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
My father had been a medical professional.
In simple words: To change this sentence to the Past Perfect Tense, we replace "was" with "had been" to show a state existing before another past action.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect tense is formed with "had" + the past participle. For the verb "to be", the past participle is "been".

Question 2.
The holidays provided an opportunity for me to read various magazines and storybooks.
(Simple Present Tense.)
Answer:
The holidays provide an opportunity for me to read various magazines and storybooks.
In simple words: To change this sentence to Simple Present Tense, we use the base form of the verb "provide" since "holidays" is plural.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that in simple present tense, for plural subjects (like "holidays"), the verb takes its base form without -s/-es.

Question 3.
I heard a group of street dogs barking.
(Present Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
I am hearing a group of street dogs barking.
In simple words: The sentence is converted to the present continuous tense, indicating an ongoing action of hearing dogs bark.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the verb forms and auxiliary verbs required for each tense to ensure accurate transformations.

Question 4.
The big male langur was holding a baby langur in his hands.
(Past Perfect Continuous Tense.)
Answer:
The big male langur had been holding a baby langur in his hands.
In simple words: The original past continuous sentence is changed to past perfect continuous, showing an action that continued up to a certain point in the past.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember the structure "had + been + verb-ing" for the past perfect continuous tense.

Question 5.
They were witnessing my rescue operation. (Simple Past Tense.)
Answer:
They witnessed my rescue operation.
In simple words: The sentence is simplified to simple past tense, focusing on the completed action of witnessing.

🎯 Exam Tip: The simple past tense uses the base form of the verb with "-ed" or an irregular past form to describe completed actions.

Question 6.
He was in a state of shock. (Past Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
He had been in a state of shock.
In simple words: The sentence is converted to past perfect tense, indicating a state that existed before another past event.

🎯 Exam Tip: The past perfect tense uses "had + past participle" to show an action completed before another past action.

Question 7.
The baby sensed the presence of his mother.
(Present Perfect Tense.)
Answer:
The baby has sensed the presence of his mother.
In simple words: The sentence is transformed to present perfect, implying that the baby sensed its mother's presence, and this sensing has a current relevance or just happened.

🎯 Exam Tip: For present perfect, use "has/have + past participle" to describe actions that started in the past and continue to the present or have a present consequence.

Personal Response:

Question 1.
Do you have a reading hobby? How do you ! pursue it?
Answer:
Yes, I do have a reading hobby. I read a lot. I read anything and everything that comes in my sight. I keep on reading storybooks, novels, ' biographies, magazines, newspapers, etc. Whenever I find time I love and enjoy reading especially during long vacation.
In simple words: Yes, I enjoy reading widely, including storybooks, novels, biographies, magazines, and newspapers, especially during my free time and vacations.

🎯 Exam Tip: When answering personal response questions, provide specific examples to make your answer more engaging and complete.

Question 2.
Do you think that the custom of baby killing by dominant male in animal clan is good? Explain.
Answer:
No, I don't think so. It's a bad custom in any animal clan. It is the duty of dominant males to protect them and bring them up kindly and lovingly. They should not deprive them of their basic right to live.
In simple words: No, I believe the custom of baby killing by dominant males is wrong, as they should protect and nurture the young, respecting their right to live.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state your opinion and support it with logical reasoning, highlighting ethical considerations where appropriate.

Question 3.
Have you ever saved a puppy/dog or any other animal from naughty children who were throwing stones at him? Write about your
experience.
Answer:
Yes, I have saved a dog who was in such a situation. Though the stones thrown by the urchins did not hit the dog very much, he was frightened to death and was running helter skelter. I gathered a long stick and shouted at them. Then I hit one of the boys with the stick and they ran away. The dog had gratitude in his eyes for me.
In simple words: Yes, I once saved a terrified dog from children throwing stones by chasing them away with a stick, and the dog showed its gratitude.

🎯 Exam Tip: Narrate your experience vividly, using descriptive language to convey emotions and actions clearly.

Question 4.
What is your mother's state of mind during your illness?
Answer:
My mother is always worried about my smallest illness. Deep anxiety overpowers her. She is restless and uneasy all the time. She keeps herself awake at night worrying about my ill-health. She is always by my bedside providing me food and medicine on time. She remains in a state of anxiety until I get well.
In simple words: My mother becomes deeply anxious and restless during my illness, staying by my side, providing care, and worrying until I recover.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on emotions and actions to describe a person's state of mind, using strong adjectives to convey the intensity of feelings.

Question 5.
What did the mother langur seem to convey to the narrator?
Answer:
The mother langur seemed to convey the narrator that she was very grateful to him for saving her child. She was expressing her big thanks to him through her silent eyes. Her eyes showered silent gratitude for the narrator for his kindness and compassion. The narrator could understand her feelings, sentiments and the way of thanking him through her eloquent eyes.
In simple words: The mother langur's silent, expressive eyes conveyed profound gratitude and thanks to the narrator for his kindness and compassion in saving her baby.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze non-verbal cues and emotional descriptions in the text to infer characters' unspoken messages.

Read The Following Passage And Do The Activities:

Simple Factual Activities:

Question 1.
Say whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:
1. A big male langur did not intend to kill the baby langur. - False
2. The writer started throwing more stones at the big langur. - True
3. The mother langur was watching her baby being killed. - True
4. According to the custom of animal clan, a dominant male protects another male baby or adult. - False
In simple words: This question tests understanding of key plot points regarding the langurs and the narrator's actions in the story.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully read each statement and compare it with the exact information provided in the passage to determine its truthfulness.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences using the information given in the passage :
Answer:
1. The langur baby was listless and appeared to be dead.
2. The writer's parents and sisters had come out on the veranda and were witnessing his rescue operation.
3. The baby langur's eyes welled up with tears.
4. The unexpected attack forced the langur to drop the baby from the sloping roof over the veranda.
In simple words: These sentences are completed using specific details from the story about the baby langur's condition, the family's observation, and the attack's outcome.

🎯 Exam Tip: Scan the passage for keywords from the incomplete sentences to locate the exact phrases needed for accurate completion.

Question 3.
Complete the following sentences :
Answer:
1. The writer offered the baby langur a peeled banana.
2. The baby langur was in state of shock.
3. Splashes of cold water made the baby stir.
4. The mother langur was sitting on their kitchen roof.
In simple words: These sentences fill in the missing information based on the events described in the narrative, such as the writer's help and the langurs' state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure that the completed sentences are grammatically correct and flow naturally within the context of the story.

Question 4.
Say whether the following statements are True or False :
Answer:
1. The baby langur sensed the presence of his mother. - True
2. The mother langur was sitting on the floor of the coop. - False
3. The writer cuddled the baby langur tightly in his bosom. - False
4. The writer's attention was fixed on the revival of the baby langur. - True
In simple words: This question checks understanding of specific details regarding the baby and mother langur's interaction and the writer's focus.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between events that actually happened and those that did not by cross-referencing with the text's facts.

Question 5.
Complete the following sentences :
Answer:
1. The mother langur was sitting on their kitchen roof.
2. The mother sat still with the baby in her lap for a few minutes.
In simple words: These sentences describe the mother langur's location and actions after the baby was rescued, showing her protective behavior.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to prepositional phrases and adverbs that describe location and manner of action for precise answers.

Question 6.
State whether you Agree or Disagree with the following statements :
Answer:
1. The narrator made a mistake by saving the baby langur. - Disagree
2. Animals cannot convey emotions. - Disagree
3. The narrator was fifty-five years old when this incident occurred. - Disagree
4. Even today, the narrator cannot forget that look in the mother langur's eyes. - Agree
In simple words: This question assesses personal agreement or disagreement with statements about the story, requiring a basic understanding of the narrative and animal behavior.

🎯 Exam Tip: Base your agree/disagree answers on the factual context of the story and general knowledge, not purely personal opinion if the text provides information.

Choose Correct Reasons From The Given Options:

Question 1.
The writer ignored the commotion of street dogs.
(a) Thinking about the dogs' involvement in some food items.
(b) Thinking about the dogs' involvement in some stranger.
(c) Thinking about the dogs' involvement in some thieves.
(d) Thinking about the dogs' involvement in some unfortunate pig.
Answer: (d) Thinking about the dogs' involvement in some unfortunate pig.
In simple words: The writer initially ignored the dogs' commotion because he assumed they were bothering a pig, as was typical.

🎯 Exam Tip: Always choose the option that is explicitly stated or strongly implied as the reason within the passage.

Question 2.
The langur did not take notice of the writer's assault.
(a) Because he was very busy.
(b) Because he was eating the baby langur.
(c) Because he was very infuriated.
(d) Because he ignored the writer's presence.
Answer: (c) Because he was very infuriated.
In simple words: The male langur was too enraged to notice the writer's initial attempts to deter him.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for descriptions of the character's emotional state or focus within the text to identify the correct reason for their actions.

Do As Directed:

Question 1.
I started throwing more stones.
(Begin with - ‘More stones were ....)
Answer:
More stones were being thrown by me.
In simple words: The sentence is transformed from active to passive voice, shifting the focus from the thrower to the stones being thrown.

🎯 Exam Tip: To convert to passive voice, identify the object of the active sentence, make it the new subject, and use a form of "to be" + past participle of the main verb.

Question 2.
It hardly took notice of my assault.
(Make this as a negative sentence.)
Answer:
It did not take notice of my assault.
In simple words: The original sentence, containing "hardly" implying negation, is rephrased into a direct negative statement using "did not."

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting to a negative sentence, use appropriate auxiliary verbs (do, does, did) followed by "not" before the main verb.

Question 3.
My parents and sisters had come out on to the veranda. (Add a question tag.)
Answer:
My parents and sisters had come out on the veranda, hadn't they?
In simple words: A question tag is added to the statement to turn it into a question, confirming the information.

🎯 Exam Tip: A question tag uses the auxiliary verb from the main sentence (or "do/did/does" if none) and the pronoun corresponding to the subject, with opposite polarity (positive statement, negative tag).

Question 4.
He took the baby langur to our backyard. (Frame a Wh-question to get the underlined word as an answer.)
Answer:
Where did he take the baby langur?
In simple words: A "where" question is formulated to elicit "to our backyard" as the answer, asking about the location.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the part of the sentence that the Wh-question should target (e.g., person, place, time, reason) and use the corresponding Wh-word (Who, What, Where, When, Why, How).

Question 5.
The baby remained motionless.
(Make negative without changing the meaning.)
Answer:
The baby did not move. OR The baby did no movements.
In simple words: The sentence is rephrased to express the same idea of stillness using negative words, without altering its core meaning.

🎯 Exam Tip: To negate without changing meaning, find an antonym or a contrasting phrase that expresses the original state negatively. For example, "motionless" becomes "did not move."

Question 6.
She simply sat there quietly.
(Choose correct question tag.)
(i) doesn't she?
(ii) didn't she?
(iii) wasn't she?
(iv) don't she?
Answer: (ii) didn't she?
In simple words: The correct question tag for "She simply sat there quietly" is "didn't she?", as "sat" is in simple past tense.

🎯 Exam Tip: The question tag should match the tense of the main verb (simple past "sat" requires "did") and have the opposite polarity (positive statement, negative tag).

Question 7.
I turned away from the coop and looked up. (Begin the sentence with - Turning ...
and rewrite it.)
Answer:
Turning away from the coop, I looked up.
In simple words: The sentence is rewritten using a present participle phrase at the beginning, indicating a simultaneous or preceding action.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using a participle phrase to start a sentence, ensure the subject of the participle is clearly the same as the subject of the main clause.

Question 8.
She gave the baby a thorough body inspection. (Change the sentence into passive
voice. Begin with - The baby ...)
Answer:
The baby was given a thorough body inspection by her.
In simple words: The sentence is converted to passive voice, placing "the baby" as the subject and highlighting the action it received.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to use "be" verb (was/were) + past participle of the main verb when converting to passive voice.

Question 9.
I cannot forget that look in her eyes.
(Add a question tag.)
Answer:
I cannot forget that look in her eyes, can I?
In simple words: A question tag is appended to the statement, confirming the inability to forget.

🎯 Exam Tip: For statements with modal verbs (like "cannot"), the question tag uses the same modal verb and the subject pronoun, with opposite polarity.

Question 10.
I was overwhelmed by the emotion.
(Write the sentence in Active voice. Begin with - The emotion ....)
Answer:
The emotion overwhelmed me.
In simple words: The passive sentence is transformed into active voice, making "the emotion" the agent performing the action.

🎯 Exam Tip: To convert from passive to active voice, identify the agent (often after "by"), make it the subject, and use the active form of the verb.

Activities Based On Language Study

Do As Directed:

Question 1.
Complete the words by using correct letter:
1. fa_her
2. ha_sh
3. adu_t
4. tr_st
Answer:
1. father
2. harsh
3. adult
4. trust
In simple words: The incomplete words are filled in with the correct letters to form meaningful English words.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use context and common English spelling patterns to deduce the missing letters accurately.

Question 2.
Put the following words in alphabetical order :
1. baby, unsteady, mother, almost.
2. suddenly, splash, shock, started.
Answer:
1. almost, baby, mother, unsteady.
2. shock, splash, started, suddenly.
In simple words: The given lists of words are arranged according to alphabetical order.

🎯 Exam Tip: When alphabetizing, compare words letter by letter from left to right. If the first letters are the same, move to the second, and so on.

Question 3.
Punctuate the following sentences :
1. Mohan said to rajan, i shall never come with you
2. shall we reach pune on time he asked
Answer:
1. Mohan said to Rajan, "I shall never come with you."
2. "Shall we reach Pune on time?" he asked.
In simple words: The sentences are corrected by adding proper capitalization, quotation marks, and punctuation for direct speech.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to capitalize proper nouns and the first word of a direct quote. Use quotation marks around direct speech and place commas before the closing quote if followed by attribution.

Question 4.
Write related words as shown in the example :

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): एक शब्द जाल दिखाया गया है जिसमें 'बचाव (rescue)' केंद्र में है और उससे संबंधित शब्द जैसे 'सावधानीपूर्वक (carefully)', 'सुरक्षित रूप से (safely)', 'निर्दोषता से (harmlessly)', 'बहादुरी से (bravely)' और 'साहसपूर्वक (courageously)' घेरे हुए हैं, जो सभी 'बचाव' के तरीके या विशेषताएँ बताते हैं।
Answer:
(As shown in diagram description, the related words are carefully, safely, harmlessly, bravely, courageously, all connected to 'rescue').
In simple words: The exercise requires identifying words semantically related to 'rescue', such as adverbs describing how one might rescue (carefully, safely, bravely) or adjectives related to the act (courageously).

🎯 Exam Tip: To find related words, consider synonyms, antonyms, adjectives, adverbs, or nouns that describe different aspects of the core concept.

Question 5.
Complete the word-chain of adjectives. Add four words each beginning with the last
letter of the previous word :
dominant - ... - ... - ... - ...
Answer:
dominant - tall - loyal - long - good
In simple words: A chain of adjectives is created where each word begins with the last letter of the preceding word.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on identifying adjectives and ensure that the linking letter rule is strictly followed throughout the chain.

Question 6.
Attempt anyone :
a. Make a meaningful sentence by using the phrase 'to catch hold of'
Answer:
Ramesh caught hold of his friend's arm and stopped him from leaving the place.
OR
b. Add a clause to the following sentence to expand it meaningfully :
The person, who
Answer:
The person, who is sitting on the stage, is a great social worker of this area.
In simple words: Either a sentence is formed using the given phrase, or a relative clause is added to complete the sentence meaningfully.

🎯 Exam Tip: For phrase usage, ensure the sentence contextually explains the phrase. For clause addition, ensure the clause provides relevant and coherent information about the noun it modifies.

Question 7.
Attempt anyone :
a. Add a prefix or suffix to make new words.
1. communicate
2. inspect
Answer:
1. communication
2. inspection
OR
b. Make a meaningful sentence using any one of the following words :
1. communicate
2. inspect
Answer:
1. She communicated her feelings through her eyes.
2. Let the office inspect the papers.
In simple words: This activity involves either creating new words by adding prefixes or suffixes, or forming meaningful sentences using the given words.

🎯 Exam Tip: When adding prefixes/suffixes, verify the new word's spelling and meaning. When forming sentences, ensure they are grammatically correct and convey clear ideas.

My English Coursebook Standard Ten Guide Unit 1

Class 10