JEE Physics Magnetism And Matter MCQs Set 33

Practice MCQs for JEE Physics Magnetism and Matter

Review structured MCQ sets for JEE Physics Magnetism and Matter. Built according to official JEE guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: A bar of diamagnetic material is placed in an external magnetic field. Which of the following statements are correct? I. The field lines are repelled or expelled and the field inside the material is reduced. II. In a non-uniform field the bar tends to move from the high field region to the low field region. III. The reduction in the field inside the material is very slight, about one part in 10⁵.
(a) I and II
(b) I and III
(c) II and III
(d) I, II and III
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) I, II and III

Explanation:
1. A diamagnet expels the field slightly (I), is repelled towards weak field (II) and the reduction is tiny since |χ| is about 10⁻⁵ (III).

Teacher's Note:
1. |χ| is about 10⁻⁵.

Question 2:
Assertion (A): A paramagnetic sample displays greater magnetisation (for the same magnetic field) when cooled.
Reason (R): The magnetisation does not depend on temperature.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.

Explanation:
1. By Curie's law the magnetisation is inversely proportional to temperature.
2. So the assertion is true and the reason is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Curie's law.

Question 3: Magnetic lines of force due to a bar magnet do not intersect because
(a) a point always has a single net magnetic field
(b) the lines have similar charges and so repel each other
(c) the lines always diverge from a single force
(d) the lines need magnetic lenses to be made to intersect
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a point always has a single net magnetic field

Explanation:
1. The field at a point has one definite direction.
2. Intersecting lines would give two directions at the same point.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 4: A permanent magnet in the shape of a thin cylinder of length 10 cm has magnetisation M = 10⁶ A/m. Its magnetisation current I_M is
(a) \( 10^{5}\ \text{A} \)
(b) \( 10^{6}\ \text{A} \)
(c) \( 10^{7}\ \text{A} \)
(d) \( 10^{8}\ \text{A} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) \( 10^{5}\ \text{A} \)

Explanation:
1. I_M = M × L = 10⁶ × 0.1 = 10⁵ A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Surface current = M × length.

Question 5: The horizontal component of the earth's magnetic field is 3.6 × 10⁻⁵ T where the dip angle is 60 degrees. The magnitude of the earth's magnetic field is
(a) \( 2.8\times10^{-4}\ \text{T} \)
(b) \( 2.1\times10^{-4}\ \text{T} \)
(c) \( 7.2\times10^{-5}\ \text{T} \)
(d) \( 3.6\times10^{-5}\ \text{T} \)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) \( 7.2\times10^{-5}\ \text{T} \)

Explanation:
1. B = B_H/cos 60° = 3.6 × 10⁻⁵/0.5 = 7.2 × 10⁻⁵ T.

Teacher's Note:
1. B = B_H/cos δ.

Question 6: The magnetic lines of force inside a bar magnet
(a) run from the N-pole to the S-pole of the magnet
(b) do not exist
(c) depend upon the area of cross section of the bar magnet
(d) run from the S-pole to the N-pole of the magnet
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) run from the S-pole to the N-pole of the magnet

Explanation:
1. Magnetic field lines are closed loops.
2. Outside they run from N to S, so inside they run from S to N.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 7: Among which of the following does the magnetic susceptibility not depend on temperature?
(a) diamagnetism
(b) paramagnetism
(c) ferromagnetism
(d) ferrite
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) diamagnetism

Explanation:
1. Diamagnetic susceptibility is practically independent of temperature.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 8: A bar magnet of moment of inertia 9 × 10⁻⁵ kg m², placed in a vibration magnetometer and oscillating in a uniform magnetic field of 16π² × 10⁻⁵ T, makes 20 oscillations in 15 s. The magnetic moment of the bar magnet is
(a) 3 A m²
(b) 2 A m²
(c) 5 A m²
(d) 4 A m²
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 4 A m²

Explanation:
1. T = 15/20 = 0.75 s.
2. M = 4π² I/(T² B) = 4π² × 9 × 10⁻⁵/(0.5625 × 16π² × 10⁻⁵) = 4 A m².

Teacher's Note:
1. T = 2π√(I/MB).

Question 9: A short bar magnet is placed in the magnetic meridian of the earth with its north pole pointing north. Neutral points are found at a distance of 30 cm from the magnet on the east-west line drawn through the middle of the magnet. The magnetic moment of the magnet is close to (μ₀/4π = 10⁻⁷ SI units, B_H = 3.6 × 10⁻⁵ T)
(a) 14.6 A m²
(b) 19.4 A m²
(c) 9.7 A m²
(d) 4.9 A m²
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 9.7 A m²

Explanation:
1. At a neutral point on the equatorial line the dipole field equals B_H: (μ₀/4π) M/d³ = B_H.
2. M = 3.6 × 10⁻⁵ × (0.3)³/10⁻⁷ = 9.7 A m².

Teacher's Note:
1. Equatorial field opposes B_H.

Question 10: The narrowest hysteresis loop is for
(a) cobalt steel
(b) alnico
(c) permalloy
(d) stainless steel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) permalloy

Explanation:
1. Permalloy is a soft magnetic material with very low coercivity, so its loop is narrow.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 11: A short bar magnet of magnetic moment 0.4 J/T is placed in a uniform magnetic field of 0.16 T. The magnet is in stable equilibrium when the potential energy is
(a) -0.064 J
(b) zero
(c) -0.082 J
(d) 0.064 J
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) -0.064 J

Explanation:
1. In stable equilibrium M is parallel to B and U = -MB = -0.4 × 0.16 = -0.064 J.

Teacher's Note:
1. U = -MB at stable equilibrium.

Question 12: A temporary magnet is made of
(a) cast iron
(b) steel
(c) soft iron
(d) stainless steel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) soft iron

Explanation:
1. Soft iron is easily magnetised and loses its magnetism easily.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 13: Which of the following statements are correct? I. Diamagnetic materials do not have a permanent magnetic moment. II. Diamagnetism is explained in terms of electromagnetic induction. III. Diamagnetic materials have a small positive susceptibility.
(a) I only
(b) II only
(c) I and II
(d) I, II and III
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) I and II

Explanation:
1. Diamagnetic atoms have zero net moment and diamagnetism arises from induced currents (Lenz's law).
2. The susceptibility is small and negative, so III is wrong.

Teacher's Note:
1. χ is negative for diamagnets.

Question 14: Two magnets are held together in a vibration magnetometer and are allowed to oscillate in the earth's magnetic field with like poles together. 12 oscillations per minute are made but for unlike poles together only 4 oscillations per minute are executed. The ratio of their magnetic moments is
(a) 3 : 1
(b) 1 : 3
(c) 3 : 5
(d) 5 : 4
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 5 : 4

Explanation:
1. Frequency is proportional to √M.
2. (M1 + M2)/(M1 - M2) = 12²/4² = 9, which gives M1/M2 = 10/8 = 5 : 4.

Teacher's Note:
1. f² is proportional to net moment.

Question 15: The magnetism of a magnet is due to
(a) pressure of a big magnet inside the earth
(b) the earth
(c) cosmic rays
(d) the spin motion of electrons
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) the spin motion of electrons

Explanation:
1. Electron spin and orbital motion in atoms give rise to atomic magnetic moments.
2. Their ordered arrangement makes a magnet.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 16: The earth's magnetic field always has a vertical component except at the
(a) magnetic equator
(b) magnetic poles
(c) geographic north pole
(d) latitude 45 degrees
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) magnetic equator

Explanation:
1. At the magnetic equator the angle of dip is zero, so the vertical component B sin(δ) is zero.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 17: The moment of a magnet (15 cm × 2 cm × 1 cm) is 1.2 A m². What is its intensity of magnetisation?
(a) \( 4\times10^{4}\ \text{A m}^{-1} \)
(b) \( 2\times10^{4}\ \text{A m}^{-1} \)
(c) \( 10^{4}\ \text{A m}^{-1} \)
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) \( 4\times10^{4}\ \text{A m}^{-1} \)

Explanation:
1. V = 15 × 2 × 1 = 30 cm³ = 3 × 10⁻⁵ m³.
2. I = M/V = 1.2/(3 × 10⁻⁵) = 4 × 10⁴ A/m.

Teacher's Note:
1. I = M/V.

Question 18: A magnet of length 0.1 m and pole strength \( 10^{-4} \) A m is kept in a magnetic field of 30 Wb/m² at an angle of 30 degrees. The couple acting on it is ____ × 10⁻⁴ N m.
(a) 7.5
(b) 3.0
(c) 1.5
(d) 6.0
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1.5

Explanation:
1. M = m × 2l = 10⁻⁴ × 0.1 = 10⁻⁵ A m².
2. τ = MB sin θ = 10⁻⁵ × 30 × 0.5 = 1.5 × 10⁻⁴ N m.

Teacher's Note:
1. M = pole strength × length.

Question 19:
Assertion (A): The poles of a magnet cannot be separated by breaking it into two pieces.
Reason (R): The magnetic moment will be reduced to half when a magnet is broken into two equal pieces.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.

Explanation:
1. Each piece has its own N and S poles, so poles cannot be isolated.
2. Half the length means half the moment, and this follows from the same fact: each piece is a complete smaller magnet.

Teacher's Note:
1. Monopoles do not exist.

Question 20: Permanent magnets are substances having the property of
(a) ferromagnetism at room temperature for a long period of time
(b) paramagnetism at room temperature for a long period of time
(c) anti-ferromagnetism at room temperature for a long period of time
(d) diamagnetism at room temperature for a long period of time
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) ferromagnetism at room temperature for a long period of time

Explanation:
1. Permanent magnets are made of ferromagnetic material that retains magnetisation for long.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 21: If a diamagnetic substance is brought near the north or south pole of a bar magnet, it is
(a) attracted by the poles
(b) repelled by the poles
(c) repelled by the north pole and attracted by the south pole
(d) attracted by the north pole and repelled by the south pole
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) repelled by the poles

Explanation:
1. A diamagnetic body moves towards the weaker field, so it is repelled by either pole.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 22: The magnetic susceptibility of a paramagnetic substance at -73 degrees C is 0.0060. Its value at -173 degrees C will be
(a) 0.0030
(b) 0.0120
(c) 0.0180
(d) 0.0045
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 0.0120

Explanation:
1. Curie's law: χ is proportional to 1/T.
2. T1 = 200 K and T2 = 100 K, so χ2 = 0.0060 × 2 = 0.0120.

Teacher's Note:
1. Use kelvin.

Question 23: If a paramagnetic liquid is placed in a watch glass resting on the pole pieces of a magnet, the liquid accumulates where the field is
(a) zero
(b) weak
(c) strong
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) strong

Explanation:
1. A paramagnetic substance moves towards the stronger field.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 24: A ferromagnetic material is heated above its Curie temperature. Which one is correct?
(a) Ferromagnetic domains are perfectly arranged
(b) Ferromagnetic domains become random
(c) Ferromagnetic domains are not influenced
(d) The ferromagnetic material changes into a diamagnetic material
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Ferromagnetic domains become random

Explanation:
1. Thermal agitation randomises the domains, and the material behaves as a paramagnet.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

Question 25: At the magnetic poles of the earth, the angle of dip is
(a) 45°
(b) 30°
(c) 0°
(d) 90°
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 90°

Explanation:
1. At the poles the field is vertical, so δ = 90°.

Teacher's Note:
1. Know the basic fact.

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Magnetism and Matter Objective Questions & Solutions for JEE Physics

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