Chemistry Objective Questions and Answers: Surface Chemistry
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Enzymes exist in the colloidal state
(b) Enzymes are catalysts
(c) Enzymes can catalyse any reaction
(d) Urease is an enzyme
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Enzymes can catalyse any reaction
Explanation:
1. Enzymes are highly specific, so each catalyses only one type of reaction.
2. The other statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Enzyme action is specific.
(a) Homogeneous catalyst
(b) Heterogeneous catalyst
(c) Autocatalyst
(d) Induced catalyst
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Heterogeneous catalyst
Explanation:
1. Solid platinum catalyses gaseous reactants in the contact process.
2. The catalyst is in a different phase from the reactants.
Teacher's Note:
1. Contact process uses Pt or V2O5.
(a) Fe
(b) Pt
(c) V2O5
(d) Mo
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Pt
Explanation:
1. Ammonia is oxidised to NO over platinum gauze (with rhodium) at about 500 K.
2. Fe is for Haber's process and V2O5 for the contact process.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pt-Rh gauze in Ostwald process.
(a) Increases the rate of the forward reaction only
(b) Increases the rate of the forward reaction to a greater extent than that of the backward reaction
(c) Increases the rate of the forward reaction and decreases that of the backward reaction
(d) Increases the rates of forward and backward reactions equally
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Increases the rates of forward and backward reactions equally
Explanation:
1. A catalyst lowers the activation energy of both directions equally.
2. It does not change the equilibrium constant.
Teacher's Note:
1. Catalyst only speeds up the approach to equilibrium.
(a) A catalyst can initiate a reaction
(b) It does not alter the position of equilibrium in a reversible reaction
(c) A catalyst remains unchanged in quantity and composition at the end of the reaction
(d) Catalysts are sometimes very specific in respect of a reaction
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) A catalyst can initiate a reaction
Explanation:
1. A catalyst only changes the rate of a reaction that is thermodynamically possible.
2. It cannot start a reaction.
Teacher's Note:
1. Catalysts do not change ΔG.
(a) Positive catalysis
(b) Negative catalysis
(c) Induced catalysis
(d) Autocatalysis
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Induced catalysis
Explanation:
1. The oxidation of sulphite induces the oxidation of arsenite.
2. This is induced catalysis.
Teacher's Note:
1. Induced catalysis: one reaction promotes another.
(a) Water softeners
(b) Catalysts
(c) Cation exchangers
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of these
Explanation:
1. Zeolites are hydrated aluminosilicates that act as cation exchangers (water softeners) and shape-selective catalysts.
2. All three statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Zeolite has cavities.
(a) Are microporous aluminosilicates
(b) Have the general formula M(x/n)[(AlO2)x(SiO2)y]·mH2O
(c) Have pore sizes between 260 pm and 740 pm
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation:
1. Zeolites are microporous aluminosilicates with that general formula and pores of 260 to 740 pm.
2. So all statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Pore size decides which molecules can enter.
(a) Petrochemical industries during cracking
(b) The preparation of H2SO4
(c) The hydrolysis of an ester
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Petrochemical industries during cracking
Explanation:
1. Zeolites such as ZSM-5 convert alcohols into gasoline and are used for cracking in the petrochemical industry.
2. The others use different catalysts.
Teacher's Note:
1. Shape selective catalysis.
(a) It does not alter the activation energy
(b) It provides an alternate mechanism with a lower energy of activation
(c) A catalyst may form intermediates with the reactants
(d) Action of an enzyme catalyst is always specific
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) It does not alter the activation energy
Explanation:
1. A catalyst lowers the activation energy by providing a new path.
2. Hence statement 1 is wrong.
Teacher's Note:
1. Catalyst lowers Ea.
(a) The shape of the catalysts
(b) The specificity of the catalysts
(c) The size of the pores of the catalysts, which can trap only selected molecules
(d) Their use for only some selected reactions
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) The size of the pores of the catalysts, which can trap only selected molecules
Explanation:
1. In shape selective catalysis the pore size and structure allow only certain molecules in or out.
2. This controls the products.
Teacher's Note:
1. Zeolites are shape selective.
(a) The adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles
(b) The heat of adsorption varies with coverage
(c) The adsorbed molecules interact with each other
(d) The adsorption takes place in multilayers
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) The adsorption sites are equivalent in their ability to adsorb the particles
Explanation:
1. Langmuir assumed a uniform surface with equivalent sites, a monolayer and no interaction between adsorbed molecules.
2. The other options contradict these.
Teacher's Note:
1. Langmuir: monolayer, equivalent sites.
(a) Water in oil emulsion
(b) Gas-liquid colloidal system
(c) Oil in water emulsion
(d) Solid-solid colloidal system
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Water in oil emulsion
Explanation:
1. Butter has water droplets dispersed in fat, a W/O emulsion.
2. Milk is O/W.
Teacher's Note:
1. Butter is W/O.
(a) x/m = f(p) at constant T
(b) x/m = f(T) at constant p
(c) p = f(T) at constant x/m
(d) x/m = p × T
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) x/m = p × T
Explanation:
1. The isotherm, isobar and isostere relate x/m, p and T in the first three forms.
2. The product relation x/m = p × T has no basis.
Teacher's Note:
1. Isotherm, isobar, isostere.
(a) Reversible
(b) Increases with increase in temperature
(c) Low heat of adsorption
(d) Increases with increase in surface area
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Increases with increase in temperature
Explanation:
1. Physisorption decreases as temperature rises.
2. The other statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Exothermic means low temperature favours it.
(a) 1 in case of physical adsorption
(b) 1 in case of chemisorption
(c) Between 0 and 1 in all cases
(d) Between 2 and 4 in all cases
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Between 0 and 1 in all cases
Explanation:
1. The Freundlich exponent 1/n lies between 0 and 1.
2. It is 1 only at low pressure and 0 at high pressure.
Teacher's Note:
1. x/m = k p^(1/n).
(a) Enzymes are denatured by ultraviolet rays and at high temperature
(b) Enzymes are least reactive at optimum temperature
(c) Enzymes are mostly proteinous in nature
(d) Enzyme action is specific
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Enzymes are least reactive at optimum temperature
Explanation:
1. Enzymes are most active, not least reactive, at the optimum temperature.
2. The other statements are correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Optimum temperature is 298 to 310 K.
(a) Critical micelle concentration
(b) Oxidation number
(c) Coagulation value
(d) Gold number
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Gold number
Explanation:
1. Zsigmondy's gold number measures the protective power of lyophilic sols.
2. Smaller gold number means greater protection.
Teacher's Note:
1. Gold number is in milligrams.
(a) Tyndall effect
(b) Brownian effect
(c) Hardy-Schulze effect
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Tyndall effect
Explanation:
1. Scattering of light by colloidal particles shows a luminous path, the Tyndall effect.
2. It is an optical property.
Teacher's Note:
1. Seen best at right angles.
(a) Gel
(b) Emulsion
(c) Solid sol
(d) Sol
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Emulsion
Explanation:
1. Hair creams are emulsions of oil and water.
2. They are not gels or sols.
Teacher's Note:
1. Cosmetic creams are emulsions.
(a) Decrease in size
(b) Increase in size
(c) Decrease in charge
(d) Increase in charge
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Increase in charge
Explanation:
1. The coagulating power of an ion grows with its charge.
2. Size is not the deciding factor.
Teacher's Note:
1. Higher charge, more coagulation.
(a) Coagulation
(b) Electrophoresis
(c) Electro-osmosis
(d) Tyndall effect
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Tyndall effect
Explanation:
1. Coagulation, electrophoresis and electro-osmosis arise from the charge on the particles.
2. The Tyndall effect arises from light scattering and does not need charge.
Teacher's Note:
1. Optical properties are independent of charge.
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JEE Chemistry Surface Chemistry Objective Test Questions
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FAQs
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