Download JEE MCQs for JEE Chemistry: S Block Elements
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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: S Block Elements
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) K > Na
(b) Ca > Mg
(c) Be > Mg
(d) Li > Na
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Be > Mg
Explanation:
1. Density generally increases down a group, with exceptions: K (0.86 g/cm³) is less dense than Na (0.97 g/cm³) and Ca (1.55) is less dense than Mg (1.74), so (a) and (b) are wrong.
2. Li (0.53) is less dense than Na (0.97), so (d) is wrong.
3. Be (1.85) > Mg (1.74), so (c) is correct.
Teacher's Note:
1. Potassium and calcium are the usual exceptions to the density trend.
2. Lithium is the lightest metal.
(a) Pure sodium dissolves in liquid ammonia to give a blue solution
(b) NaOH reacts with glass to give sodium silicate
(c) Aluminium reacts with NaOH to give Al(OH)₃
(d) NaHCO₃ on heating gives Na₂CO₃
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Aluminium reacts with NaOH to give Al(OH)₃
Explanation:
1. Aluminium with aqueous NaOH gives sodium tetrahydroxoaluminate (sodium aluminate) and hydrogen, not Al(OH)₃.
2. The other three statements are correct: solvated electrons give the blue colour, NaOH attacks glass slowly to give sodium silicate, and 2NaHCO₃ gives Na₂CO₃, CO₂ and H₂O on heating.
Teacher's Note:
1. 2Al + 2NaOH + 6H₂O gives 2Na[Al(OH)₄] + 3H₂.
2. Al(OH)₃ dissolves in excess NaOH, so it is not the final product.
(a) All alkali metals are soft and can be cut with a knife
(b) Alkali metals do not occur in the free state in nature
(c) Alkali metals are highly electropositive elements
(d) All alkali metal hydrides are covalent and low-melting solids
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All alkali metal hydrides are covalent and low-melting solids
Explanation:
1. Alkali metal hydrides (LiH, NaH and so on) are ionic (saline) hydrides with high melting points.
2. The other three statements are true.
Teacher's Note:
1. Saline hydrides contain H⁻ ions.
2. Lithium is the hardest alkali metal but is still soft.
(a) H₂O₂
(b) O₂
(c) CsOH
(d) Cs₂O
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Cs₂O
Explanation:
1. Superoxides react with water to give the hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and oxygen: \( 2CsO_2 + 2H_2O \rightarrow 2CsOH + H_2O_2 + O_2 \).
2. Cs₂O is not formed.
Teacher's Note:
1. Superoxide with water gives H₂O₂ and O₂.
2. Alkali metal oxides react with water to form hydroxides only.
(a) NaCl, NH₃, CaCO₃
(b) NaOH, CO₂
(c) NaCl, CO₂
(d) NaCl, CaCO₃, C, H₂SO₄
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) NaCl, NH₃, CaCO₃
Explanation:
1. Brine (NaCl) is saturated with ammonia and then carbonated with CO₂ obtained by heating limestone (CaCO₃).
2. Sodium hydrogencarbonate precipitates and is heated to give Na₂CO₃; ammonia is recovered from NH₄Cl using the quicklime from limestone.
Teacher's Note:
1. Overall: 2NaCl + CaCO₃ gives Na₂CO₃ + CaCl₂.
2. Ammonia is recycled, so only a small amount is lost.
(a) \( Be + 2NaOH \rightarrow Na_2BeO_2 + H_2\uparrow \)
(b) \( Be + Cl_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} BeCl_2 \)
(c) \( Be + H_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} BeH_2 \)
(d) \( Be + 2HCl \rightarrow BeCl_2 + H_2\uparrow \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( Be + H_2 \xrightarrow{\Delta} BeH_2 \)
Explanation:
1. Beryllium does not react directly with hydrogen; BeH₂ is made indirectly.
2. Be is amphoteric: it dissolves in NaOH (giving beryllate) and in HCl, and it burns in chlorine to form BeCl₂.
Teacher's Note:
1. Only Ca, Sr and Ba of group 2 react directly with H₂.
2. Beryllium and aluminium both show amphoteric behaviour.
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Download Chapter MCQs: JEE Chemistry S Block Elements
JEE Chemistry S Block Elements Objective Test Questions
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FAQs
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