Download JEE MCQs for JEE Chemistry: Purification And Characterisation Of Organic Compounds
Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Purification And Characterisation Of Organic Compounds designed to align with the latest JEE academic syllabus for JEE Chemistry. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Purification And Characterisation Of Organic Compounds
View or download the dedicated Purification And Characterisation Of Organic Compounds MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Chemistry evaluations.
Multiple Choice Questions
(a) crystallisation
(b) steam distillation
(c) fractional distillation
(d) simple distillation
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) steam distillation
Explanation:
1. Aniline is immiscible with water and steam volatile.
2. The mixture boils below 373 K as the vapour pressures add up, so the aniline distils with steam without decomposing.
Teacher's Note:
1. S
2. t
3. e
4. a
5. m
6.
7. d
8. i
9. s
10. t
11. i
12. l
13. l
14. a
15. t
16. i
17. o
18. n
19.
20. i
21. s
22.
23. u
24. s
25. e
26. d
27.
28. f
29. o
30. r
31.
32. s
33. u
34. b
35. s
36. t
37. a
38. n
39. c
40. e
41. s
42.
43. t
44. h
45. a
46. t
47.
48. a
49. r
50. e
51.
52. i
53. m
54. m
55. i
56. s
57. c
58. i
59. b
60. l
61. e
62.
63. w
64. i
65. t
66. h
67.
68. w
69. a
70. t
71. e
72. r
73.
74. a
75. n
76. d
77.
78. s
79. t
80. e
81. a
82. m
83.
84. v
85. o
86. l
87. a
88. t
89. i
90. l
91. e
92. .
(a) simple distillation
(b) fractional distillation
(c) steam distillation
(d) distillation under reduced pressure
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) fractional distillation
Explanation:
1. The boiling points differ by only about 9–10 K.
2. A fractionating column with repeated condensation and evaporation is needed.
Teacher's Note:
1. S
2. i
3. m
4. p
5. l
6. e
7.
8. d
9. i
10. s
11. t
12. i
13. l
14. l
15. a
16. t
17. i
18. o
19. n
20.
21. w
22. o
23. r
24. k
25. s
26.
27. i
28. f
29.
30. t
31. h
32. e
33.
34. b
35. o
36. i
37. l
38. i
39. n
40. g
41.
42. p
43. o
44. i
45. n
46. t
47. s
48.
49. d
50. i
51. f
52. f
53. e
54. r
55.
56. b
57. y
58.
59. m
60. o
61. r
62. e
63.
64. t
65. h
66. a
67. n
68.
69. a
70. b
71. o
72. u
73. t
74.
75. 4
76. 0
77.
78. K
79. .
(a) sodium cyanide
(b) sodium nitrate
(c) sodium nitrite
(d) ammonia
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) sodium cyanide
Explanation:
1. The compound is fused with sodium metal: Na + C + N → NaCN.
2. The sodium fusion extract is then tested for the cyanide.
Teacher's Note:
1. E
2. l
3. e
4. m
5. e
6. n
7. t
8. s
9.
10. p
11. r
12. e
13. s
14. e
15. n
16. t
17.
18. a
19. r
20. e
21.
22. c
23. o
24. n
25. v
26. e
27. r
28. t
29. e
30. d
31.
32. t
33. o
34.
35. i
36. o
37. n
38. i
39. c
40.
41. c
42. o
43. m
44. p
45. o
46. u
47. n
48. d
49. s
50.
51. s
52. o
53. l
54. u
55. b
56. l
57. e
58.
59. i
60. n
61.
62. w
63. a
64. t
65. e
66. r
67. .
(a) sodium ferrocyanide
(b) ferric thiocyanate
(c) potassium ferricyanide
(d) ferric ferrocyanide, Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) ferric ferrocyanide, Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃
Explanation:
1. NaCN reacts with FeSO₄ to give sodium hexacyanoferrate(II).
2. On heating with FeCl₃ and conc. HCl this forms Prussian blue, Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃.
Teacher's Note:
1. T
2. h
3. e
4.
5. c
6. o
7. l
8. o
9. u
10. r
11.
12. t
13. e
14. s
15. t
16.
17. c
18. o
19. n
20. f
21. i
22. r
23. m
24. s
25.
26. t
27. h
28. e
29.
30. p
31. r
32. e
33. s
34. e
35. n
36. c
37. e
38.
39. o
40. f
41.
42. t
43. h
44. e
45.
46. c
47. y
48. a
49. n
50. i
51. d
52. e
53.
54. f
55. o
56. r
57. m
58. e
59. d
60.
61. i
62. n
63.
64. t
65. h
66. e
67.
68. s
69. o
70. d
71. i
72. u
73. m
74.
75. e
76. x
77. t
78. r
79. a
80. c
81. t
82. .
(a) sulphur
(b) nitrogen
(c) chlorine
(d) phosphorus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) sulphur
Explanation:
1. Sulphur is converted to Na₂S in the fusion.
2. Na₂S with sodium nitroprusside gives a deep violet colour (and a black PbS precipitate with lead acetate in acetic acid).
Teacher's Note:
1. T
2. w
3. o
4.
5. t
6. e
7. s
8. t
9. s
10.
11. c
12. o
13. n
14. f
15. i
16. r
17. m
18.
19. s
20. u
21. l
22. p
23. h
24. u
25. r
26. :
27.
28. n
29. i
30. t
31. r
32. o
33. p
34. r
35. u
36. s
37. s
38. i
39. d
40. e
41.
42. a
43. n
44. d
45.
46. l
47. e
48. a
49. d
50.
51. a
52. c
53. e
54. t
55. a
56. t
57. e
58. .
(a) bromine
(b) chlorine
(c) iodine
(d) fluorine
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) iodine
Explanation:
1. AgCl is white and soluble in NH₃; AgBr is pale yellow and partially soluble; AgI is yellow and insoluble.
2. So the halogen is iodine.
Teacher's Note:
1. S
2. o
3. l
4. u
5. b
6. i
7. l
8. i
9. t
10. y
11.
12. o
13. f
14.
15. t
16. h
17. e
18.
19. s
20. i
21. l
22. v
23. e
24. r
25.
26. h
27. a
28. l
29. i
30. d
31. e
32.
33. i
34. n
35.
36. a
37. m
38. m
39. o
40. n
41. i
42. a
43.
44. d
45. e
46. c
47. r
48. e
49. a
50. s
51. e
52. s
53.
54. f
55. r
56. o
57. m
58.
59. C
60. l
61.
62. t
63. o
64.
65. I
66. .
(a) a white precipitate
(b) a red precipitate
(c) a yellow precipitate
(d) a blue colour
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) a yellow precipitate
Explanation:
1. The compound is heated with Na₂O₂ to convert P to Na₃PO₄ and then boiled with HNO₃.
2. Ammonium molybdate gives the yellow precipitate of ammonium phosphomolybdate.
Teacher's Note:
1. T
2. h
3. e
4.
5. y
6. e
7. l
8. l
9. o
10. w
11.
12. p
13. r
14. e
15. c
16. i
17. p
18. i
19. t
20. a
21. t
22. e
23.
24. c
25. o
26. n
27. f
28. i
29. r
30. m
31. s
32.
33. p
34. h
35. o
36. s
37. p
38. h
39. a
40. t
41. e
42. .
(a) 20 % and 3.3 %
(b) 80 % and 13.3 %
(c) 40 % and 13.3 %
(d) 40 % and 6.67 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) 40 % and 6.67 %
Explanation:
1. % C = \( \frac{12}{44}\times\frac{0.44}{0.30}\times100=40 \).
2. % H = \( \frac{2}{18}\times\frac{0.18}{0.30}\times100=6.67 \).
Teacher's Note:
1. U
2. s
3. e
4.
5. t
6. h
7. e
8.
9. 1
10. 2
11. /
12. 4
13. 4
14.
15. a
16. n
17. d
18.
19. 2
20. /
21. 1
22. 8
23.
24. f
25. a
26. c
27. t
28. o
29. r
30. s
31.
32. f
33. o
34. r
35.
36. C
37. O
38. ₂
39.
40. a
41. n
42. d
43.
44. H
45. ₂
46. O
47.
48. r
49. e
50. s
51. p
52. e
53. c
54. t
55. i
56. v
57. e
58. l
59. y
60. .
(a) C₂H₄O
(b) CH₂O
(c) CHO
(d) CH₄O
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) CH₂O
Explanation:
1. Moles: C 40/12 = 3.33, H 6.67/1 = 6.67, O 53.33/16 = 3.33.
2. Ratio C : H : O = 1 : 2 : 1, giving CH₂O.
Teacher's Note:
1. D
2. i
3. v
4. i
5. d
6. e
7.
8. t
9. h
10. e
11.
12. m
13. o
14. l
15. e
16. s
17.
18. b
19. y
20.
21. t
22. h
23. e
24.
25. s
26. m
27. a
28. l
29. l
30. e
31. s
32. t
33.
34. v
35. a
36. l
37. u
38. e
39.
40. t
41. o
42.
43. g
44. e
45. t
46.
47. t
48. h
49. e
50.
51. s
52. i
53. m
54. p
55. l
56. e
57. s
58. t
59.
60. r
61. a
62. t
63. i
64. o
65. .
(a) P₂O₅ and conc. H₂SO₄
(b) anhydrous CaCl₂ and concentrated KOH solution
(c) anhydrous CaCl₂ and anhydrous CuSO₄
(d) concentrated KOH and anhydrous CaCl₂
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) anhydrous CaCl₂ and concentrated KOH solution
Explanation:
1. Water is absorbed by a neutral or acidic drying agent such as anhydrous CaCl₂.
2. CO₂ is an acidic oxide and is absorbed by KOH solution.
Teacher's Note:
1. T
2. h
3. e
4.
5. d
6. r
7. y
8. i
9. n
10. g
11.
12. a
13. g
14. e
15. n
16. t
17.
18. m
19. u
20. s
21. t
22.
23. n
24. o
25. t
26.
27. r
28. e
29. a
30. c
31. t
32.
33. w
34. i
35. t
36. h
37.
38. t
39. h
40. e
41.
42. g
43. a
44. s
45.
46. b
47. e
48. i
49. n
50. g
51.
52. c
53. o
54. l
55. l
56. e
57. c
58. t
59. e
60. d
61.
62. o
63. n
64.
65. i
66. t
67. .
(a) phosphorus
(b) sulphur
(c) halogens
(d) nitrogen
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) halogens
Explanation:
1. Silver combines with the halogens (2Ag + X₂ → 2AgX) and retains them in the tube.
2. This prevents halogen acids from being absorbed with CO₂.
Teacher's Note:
1. F
2. o
3. r
4.
5. s
6. u
7. l
8. p
9. h
10. u
11. r
12. ,
13.
14. f
15. u
16. s
17. e
18. d
19.
20. l
21. e
22. a
23. d
24.
25. c
26. h
27. r
28. o
29. m
30. a
31. t
32. e
33.
34. i
35. s
36.
37. u
38. s
39. e
40. d
41.
42. i
43. n
44. s
45. t
46. e
47. a
48. d
49. .
(a) calcium oxide
(b) silver gauze
(c) copper gauze
(d) fused lead chromate
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) fused lead chromate
Explanation:
1. Sulphur oxides are oxidised to sulphate and retained as PbSO₄ by fused lead chromate.
Teacher's Note:
1. D
2. i
3. f
4. f
5. e
6. r
7. e
8. n
9. t
10.
11. e
12. l
13. e
14. m
15. e
16. n
17. t
18. s
19.
20. n
21. e
22. e
23. d
24.
25. d
26. i
27. f
28. f
29. e
30. r
31. e
32. n
33. t
34.
35. r
36. e
37. t
38. a
39. i
40. n
41. i
42. n
43. g
44.
45. a
46. g
47. e
48. n
49. t
50. s
51.
52. i
53. n
54.
55. t
56. h
57. e
58.
59. c
60. o
61. m
62. b
63. u
64. s
65. t
66. i
67. o
68. n
69.
70. t
71. u
72. b
73. e
74. .
(a) 17.5 %
(b) 25 %
(c) 35 %
(d) 9.3 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 17.5 %
Explanation:
1. Pressure of dry nitrogen = 715 − 15 = 700 mm. Volume at STP \( =\frac{700\times50\times273}{760\times300}=41.9 \) mL.
2. % N = \( \frac{28}{22400}\times\frac{41.9}{0.30}\times100=17.5 \).
Teacher's Note:
1. C
2. o
3. r
4. r
5. e
6. c
7. t
8.
9. t
10. h
11. e
12.
13. v
14. o
15. l
16. u
17. m
18. e
19.
20. t
21. o
22.
23. S
24. T
25. P
26.
27. a
28. f
29. t
30. e
31. r
32.
33. s
34. u
35. b
36. t
37. r
38. a
39. c
40. t
41. i
42. n
43. g
44.
45. t
46. h
47. e
48.
49. a
50. q
51. u
52. e
53. o
54. u
55. s
56.
57. t
58. e
59. n
60. s
61. i
62. o
63. n
64. .
(a) nitro compounds, azo compounds and ring nitrogen (pyridine)
(b) proteins
(c) amines
(d) amides
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) nitro compounds, azo compounds and ring nitrogen (pyridine)
Explanation:
1. In nitro, azo and ring nitrogen compounds the nitrogen is not quantitatively converted to ammonium sulphate.
2. Kjeldahl's method is used for foodstuffs, soil and fertilizers.
Teacher's Note:
1. D
2. u
3. m
4. a
5. s
6. '
7.
8. m
9. e
10. t
11. h
12. o
13. d
14.
15. w
16. o
17. r
18. k
19. s
20.
21. f
22. o
23. r
24.
25. a
26. l
27. l
28.
29. n
30. i
31. t
32. r
33. o
34. g
35. e
36. n
37.
38. c
39. o
40. m
41. p
42. o
43. u
44. n
45. d
46. s
47. .
(a) 56 %
(b) 28 %
(c) 14 %
(d) 7 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) 28 %
Explanation:
1. Meq of acid taken = 50 × 0.5 = 25; meq of NaOH = 60 × 0.25 = 15.
2. Meq of acid used by NH₃ = 10, so % N = 1.4 × 10/0.5 = 28 %.
Teacher's Note:
1. %
2.
3. N
4.
5. =
6.
7. 1
8. .
9. 4
10.
11. ×
12.
13. (
14. m
15. i
16. l
17. l
18. i
19. e
20. q
21. u
22. i
23. v
24. a
25. l
26. e
27. n
28. t
29. s
30.
31. o
32. f
33.
34. a
35. c
36. i
37. d
38.
39. n
40. e
41. u
42. t
43. r
44. a
45. l
46. i
47. s
48. e
49. d
50.
51. b
52. y
53.
54. a
55. m
56. m
57. o
58. n
59. i
60. a
61. )
62. /
63. m
64. a
65. s
66. s
67. .
(a) 48 %
(b) 12 %
(c) 6 %
(d) 24 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) 24 %
Explanation:
1. % S = \( \frac{32}{233}\times\frac{0.699}{0.40}\times100=24.0 \).
Teacher's Note:
1. S
2. u
3. l
4. p
5. h
6. u
7. r
8.
9. i
10. n
11.
12. B
13. a
14. S
15. O
16. ₄
17.
18. i
19. s
20.
21. 3
22. 2
23. /
24. 2
25. 3
26. 3
27.
28. b
29. y
30.
31. m
32. a
33. s
34. s
35. .
(a) 40 %
(b) 80 %
(c) 60 %
(d) 20 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 40 %
Explanation:
1. % Br = \( \frac{80}{188}\times\frac{0.376}{0.40}\times100=40.0 \).
Teacher's Note:
1. B
2. r
3. o
4. m
5. i
6. n
7. e
8.
9. i
10. s
11.
12. 8
13. 0
14. /
15. 1
16. 8
17. 8
18.
19. o
20. f
21.
22. t
23. h
24. e
25.
26. m
27. a
28. s
29. s
30.
31. o
32. f
33.
34. A
35. g
36. B
37. r
38. .
(a) 55.8 %
(b) 13.95 %
(c) 31 %
(d) 27.9 %
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) 27.9 %
Explanation:
1. % P = \( \frac{62}{222}\times\frac{0.222}{0.222}\times100=27.9 \).
Teacher's Note:
1. T
2. w
3. o
4.
5. p
6. h
7. o
8. s
9. p
10. h
11. o
12. r
13. u
14. s
15.
16. a
17. t
18. o
19. m
20. s
21.
22. (
23. 6
24. 2
25.
26. g
27. )
28.
29. a
30. r
31. e
32.
33. p
34. r
35. e
36. s
37. e
38. n
39. t
40.
41. i
42. n
43.
44. e
45. a
46. c
47. h
48.
49. m
50. o
51. l
52. e
53.
54. o
55. f
56.
57. M
58. g
59. ₂
60. P
61. ₂
62. O
63. ₇
64. .
(a) difference in solubilities
(b) difference in melting points
(c) difference in boiling points
(d) difference in densities only
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) difference in boiling points
Explanation:
1. Each fraction boils over a particular temperature range.
2. The fractionating column provides repeated vaporisation–condensation, so that lower boiling fractions rise higher.
Teacher's Note:
1. F
2. r
3. a
4. c
5. t
6. i
7. o
8. n
9. a
10. l
11.
12. d
13. i
14. s
15. t
16. i
17. l
18. l
19. a
20. t
21. i
22. o
23. n
24.
25. i
26. s
27.
28. s
29. e
30. p
31. a
32. r
33. a
34. t
35. i
36. o
37. n
38.
39. b
40. y
41.
42. b
43. o
44. i
45. l
46. i
47. n
48. g
49.
50. p
51. o
52. i
53. n
54. t
55. .
(a) sulphide masks the colour of Prussian blue
(b) FeSO₄ was not added
(c) NaSCN is formed in the fusion, so the cyanide is absent
(d) the compound has no nitrogen
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) NaSCN is formed in the fusion, so the cyanide is absent
Explanation:
1. Na + C + N + S → NaSCN, and no free NaCN is formed.
2. Fe³⁺ then gives the blood red [Fe(SCN)]²⁺.
Teacher's Note:
1. A
2.
3. c
4. o
5. m
6. p
7. o
8. u
9. n
10. d
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(a) C₅H₁₀O₅
(b) C₆H₁₂O₆
(c) C₃H₆O₃
(d) C₄H₈O₄
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) C₆H₁₂O₆
Explanation:
1. Empirical formula CH₂O has mass 30 g/mol.
2. 180/30 = 6, so the molecular formula is C₆H₁₂O₆.
Teacher's Note:
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