JEE Chemistry Biomolecules MCQs Set 16

Download JEE MCQs for JEE Chemistry: Biomolecules

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Biomolecules designed to align with the latest JEE academic syllabus for JEE Chemistry. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Biomolecules

View or download the dedicated Biomolecules MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Chemistry evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: What is the monomer of a polypeptide?
(a) amino acid
(b) glucose
(c) nucleoside
(d) nucleotide
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) amino acid

Explanation:
1. A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 2: Which of the following enzymes is not useful in the digestion of proteins?
(a) chymotrypsin
(b) pepsin
(c) trypsin
(d) lipase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) lipase

Explanation:
1. Lipase digests fats.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 3: Haemoglobin is
(a) an enzyme
(b) a globular protein
(c) a vitamin
(d) a carbohydrate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) a globular protein

Explanation:
1. Haemoglobin is a conjugated globular protein.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 4: Albumin proteins are most abundant in
(a) meat
(b) milk
(c) egg
(d) soyabean
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) egg

Explanation:
1. Egg white is largely albumin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 5: Dialysis can separate
(a) glucose and fructose
(b) glucose and sucrose
(c) glucose and NaCl
(d) glucose and proteins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) glucose and proteins

Explanation:
1. Protein colloidal particles cannot pass through a parchment membrane, but glucose can.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 6: Leucine amino acid is
(a) essential
(b) non-essential
(c) aromatic
(d) basic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) essential

Explanation:
1. It must be obtained from the diet.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 7: Which of the following tests is not used for testing proteins?
(a) Millon's test
(b) Molisch's test
(c) Biuret test
(d) ninhydrin test
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Molisch's test

Explanation:
1. Molisch's test is for carbohydrates.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 8: Amino acids usually exist in the form of zwitter ions. This means that it consists of
(a) the basic group -NH2 and the acidic group -COOH
(b) the basic group -NH3+ and the acidic group -CO2
(c) the basic group -CO2- and the acidic group -NH3+
(d) no acidic or basic group
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) the basic group -CO2- and the acidic group -NH3+

Explanation:
1. The carboxylate ion accepts protons so it is the basic group, and the ammonium ion donates one so it is the acidic group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 9: The most important energy carrier in all the living cells is
(a) AMP
(b) ATP
(c) ADP
(d) UDP
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) ATP

Explanation:
1. ATP stores energy in its phosphoanhydride bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 10: The 10 percent energy transfer law of the food chain was given by
(a) Stanley
(b) Weismann
(c) Lindemann
(d) Tansley
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Lindemann

Explanation:
1. Lindeman proposed the 10 percent law in 1942.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 11: Which of the following is a conjugated protein?
(a) glycoprotein
(b) phosphoprotein
(c) chromoprotein
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) all of these

Explanation:
1. Each has a non-protein component (sugar, phosphate or pigment).

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 12: Pick out the wrong combination.
(a) Fe2+ with haemoglobin
(b) Mg2+ with photosynthesis
(c) Se2+ with Krebs cycle
(d) Co2+ with vitamin B-12
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Se2+ with Krebs cycle

Explanation:
1. Selenium does not form a simple Se2+ ion that acts in the Krebs cycle, while the other three pairs are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 13: The test used for identifying a peptide linkage is
(a) Borsche's test
(b) Molisch's test
(c) ninhydrin test
(d) Biuret test
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Biuret test

Explanation:
1. Biuret reagent gives a violet colour with peptide bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 14: The helical structure of proteins is stabilised by
(a) peptide bonds
(b) dipeptide bonds
(c) hydrogen bonds
(d) van der Waals forces
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) hydrogen bonds

Explanation:
1. Hydrogen bonds between the peptide groups hold the helix.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 15: The optically inactive amino acid is
(a) lysine
(b) glycine
(c) arginine
(d) alanine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) glycine

Explanation:
1. Glycine, NH2CH2COOH, has no chiral carbon.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 16: Which alpha amino acid can cross-link peptide chains?
(a) serine
(b) cysteine
(c) glutamine
(d) tyrosine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) cysteine

Explanation:
1. Two cysteine -SH groups form a disulphide bridge.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 17: Amino acids are the building blocks of
(a) fat
(b) vitamin
(c) protein
(d) carbohydrate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) protein

Explanation:
1. They are the monomers of proteins.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 18: Which of the following proteins destroys the antigen when it enters the body cell?
(a) antibodies
(b) insulin
(c) chromoprotein
(d) phosphoprotein
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) antibodies

Explanation:
1. Antibodies bind and neutralise antigens.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 19: Excess of Na+ ions in our system causes
(a) high blood pressure
(b) low blood pressure
(c) diabetes
(d) anaemia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) high blood pressure

Explanation:
1. Excess sodium raises blood pressure.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 20: The example of a protein is
(a) narvone
(b) lecithin
(c) cellulose
(d) insulin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) insulin

Explanation:
1. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 21: Enzymes are made up of
(a) carbohydrates
(b) edible proteins
(c) nitrogen containing carbohydrates
(d) proteins with a specific structure
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) proteins with a specific structure

Explanation:
1. Enzymes are proteins folded into a specific shape.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 22: Chlorophyll contains
(a) Fe
(b) Na
(c) Mg
(d) Zn
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Mg

Explanation:
1. Chlorophyll has magnesium at the centre of a porphyrin-type ring.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 23: Which one of the following biomolecules is insoluble in water?
(a) alpha-keratin
(b) haemoglobin
(c) ribonuclease
(d) adenine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) alpha-keratin

Explanation:
1. Keratin is a fibrous protein.
2. The other three dissolve in water.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 24: A nonapeptide contains ........ peptide linkages.
(a) 10
(b) 8
(c) 9
(d) 18
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 8

Explanation:
1. Nine amino acid residues are joined by eight peptide bonds.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 25: The alpha-helix is found in
(a) DNA
(b) RNA
(c) lipids
(d) proteins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) proteins

Explanation:
1. The alpha-helix is a secondary structure of proteins.
2. DNA has a double helix of a different kind.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 26: Among the following, the achiral amino acid is
(a) 2-ethylalanine
(b) 2-methylglycine
(c) 2-hydroxymethylserine
(d) tryptophan
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 2-hydroxymethylserine

Explanation:
1. In 2-hydroxymethylserine the alpha carbon carries two identical CH2OH groups along with NH2 and COOH, so it is not a stereocentre.
2. The others have four different groups on the alpha carbon.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 27: Which of the following could act as a propellant for rockets?
(a) liquid hydrogen plus liquid nitrogen
(b) liquid oxygen plus liquid argon
(c) liquid hydrogen plus liquid oxygen
(d) liquid nitrogen plus liquid oxygen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) liquid hydrogen plus liquid oxygen

Explanation:
1. Hydrogen is the fuel and oxygen the oxidiser, and they release a large amount of energy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Free study material for Chemistry

Biomolecules Objective Questions & Solutions for JEE Chemistry

JEE Chemistry Biomolecules Objective Test Questions

Test your conceptual understanding of Biomolecules with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest JEE curriculum for JEE Chemistry, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.

NCERT-Aligned Objective Questions and Solutions

Each question includes structured solution keys mapped directly to standard JEE textbooks, helping students evaluate their reasoning and correct mistakes early in their revision.

Next Steps in Your Exam Preparation

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FAQs

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