JEE Chemistry Biomolecules MCQs Set 15

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry: Biomolecules

Explore reliable objective questions for Biomolecules tailored for JEE learners. Utilizing these Chemistry multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.

Practice Biomolecules MCQs for JEE Chemistry

View or download the dedicated Biomolecules MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Chemistry evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Proteins can be used
(a) as food
(b) in textiles
(c) as enzymes
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) all of these

Explanation:
1. Wool and silk are protein fibres.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 2: Which of the following foodstuffs contains nitrogen?
(a) carbohydrates
(b) fats
(c) proteins
(d) none of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) proteins

Explanation:
1. Proteins contain amino groups.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 3: The pH in the stomach is approximately
(a) 7
(b) 2.0
(c) 6.5
(d) 10
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 2.0

Explanation:
1. Hydrochloric acid makes gastric juice strongly acidic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 4: The helical structure of proteins is established by
(a) peptide bonds
(b) dipeptide bonds
(c) hydrogen bonds
(d) van der Waals forces
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) hydrogen bonds

Explanation:
1. The alpha-helix is held by N-H...O=C hydrogen bonds between turns.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 5: Natural silk is a
(a) polyester
(b) polyamide
(c) polyacid
(d) polysaccharide
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) polyamide

Explanation:
1. Silk fibroin is a protein, which is a polyamide.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 6: Protein contains
(a) C, H, O and N
(b) only C and H
(c) Cl, H and O
(d) all of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) C, H, O and N

Explanation:
1. Proteins always have C, H, O and N, and often S.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 7: The end product of protein digestion is
(a) amino acids
(b) glucose
(c) glycerol
(d) oxalic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) amino acids

Explanation:
1. Proteolytic enzymes hydrolyse proteins to amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 8: The enzyme ptyalin used for the digestion of food is present in
(a) saliva
(b) blood
(c) intestines
(d) adrenal glands
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) saliva

Explanation:
1. Ptyalin (salivary amylase) starts starch digestion in the mouth.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 9: The Biuret test is used for the detection of
(a) saturated oils
(b) sugars
(c) proteins
(d) fats
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) proteins

Explanation:
1. Peptide bonds give a violet colour with alkaline CuSO4.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 10: Out of the following, the best category of proteins is
(a) polyamides
(b) polythioethers
(c) glycerides
(d) polysaccharides
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) polyamides

Explanation:
1. Proteins are polyamides of amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 11: The molecular weight of a protein is
(a) less than 10000
(b) greater than 10000
(c) greater than 1000
(d) greater than 1000 and less than 10000
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) greater than 10000

Explanation:
1. Proteins are macromolecules with masses above about 10000.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 12: The protein that is a structural material is
(a) albumin
(b) oxytocin
(c) haemoglobin
(d) keratin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) keratin

Explanation:
1. Keratin forms hair, nails and horn.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 13: For alpha-amino acids having the structure R-CH(NH2)-CO2H, which of the following statements are true? (A) Water solubility is maximum at the pH when concentrations of anions and cations are equal. (B) They give the ninhydrin test. (C) On reacting with nitrous acid they give off N2.
(a) all
(b) B and C
(c) A and B
(d) A only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B and C

Explanation:
1. At the isoelectric point solubility is minimum, so A is false.
2. Ninhydrin gives a purple colour and the primary amino group releases N2 with HNO2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 14: Which of the following reacts with haemoglobin in the blood to form carboxyhaemoglobin?
(a) CO
(b) CO2
(c) HCOOH
(d) H2CO3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) CO

Explanation:
1. CO binds iron in haem about 200 times more strongly than oxygen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 15: The secondary structure of a protein refers to
(a) mainly denatured proteins and structures of prosthetic groups
(b) the three-dimensional structure, specially the bond between amino acid residues that are distant from each other in the polypeptide chain
(c) the linear sequence of amino acid residues in the polypeptide chain
(d) regular folding patterns of continuous portions of the polypeptide chain
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) regular folding patterns of continuous portions of the polypeptide chain

Explanation:
1. Alpha-helix and beta-sheet are the regular local folds.
2. Option c is the primary structure and b the tertiary structure.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 16: Of the following statements about enzymes, which ones are true? (i) Enzymes lack nucleophilic groups. (ii) Enzymes are highly specific both in binding chiral substrates and in catalysing their reactions. (iii) Enzymes catalyse chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy. (iv) Pepsin is a proteolytic enzyme.
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (i) and (iii)
(c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (i) only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) (ii), (iii) and (iv)

Explanation:
1. Enzymes have nucleophilic groups such as -OH and -SH in their active sites, so (i) is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 17: Proteins are composed of
(a) alpha-amino acids
(b) carbohydrates
(c) vitamins
(d) mineral salts
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) alpha-amino acids

Explanation:
1. Natural proteins are polymers of alpha-amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 18: Read the following statements. (A) Albumin is a simple protein. (B) The amino acid alanine contains an acidic side chain. (C) Insulin is a hormone. (D) Muscles contain the protein keratin. Point out the wrong statements.
(a) A and B
(b) C and D
(c) A and C
(d) B and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) B and D

Explanation:
1. Alanine has a methyl side chain, and muscles contain myosin and actin (keratin is in hair and nails).

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 19: Enzymes in living systems
(a) provide energy
(b) provide immunity
(c) transport oxygen
(d) catalyse biological processes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) catalyse biological processes

Explanation:
1. Enzymes are biological catalysts.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 20: Which of the following statements about proteins is not true?
(a) amino acid residues join together to make a protein molecule
(b) proteins are polymers with the formula (C6H10O5)n
(c) eggs are rich in protein
(d) pulses are a good source of protein
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) proteins are polymers with the formula (C6H10O5)n

Explanation:
1. (C6H10O5)n is the formula of starch and cellulose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 21: Enzymes
(a) accelerate biochemical reactions
(b) have optimum activity at body temperature
(c) consist of amino acids
(d) have all these properties
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) have all these properties

Explanation:
1. All three statements are true.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Question 22: The functional group found in an amino acid is
(a) -COOH group
(b) -NH2 group
(c) -CH3 group
(d) both (a) and (b)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) both (a) and (b)

Explanation:
1. An amino acid has both an amino and a carboxyl group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Always link acid strength to the stability of the carboxylate ion.
2. Electron-withdrawing groups increase acidity and electron-donating groups decrease it.

Question 23: Amino acids are produced on hydrolysis of
(a) nucleic acids
(b) carbohydrates
(c) fats
(d) proteins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) proteins

Explanation:
1. Protein hydrolysis gives alpha-amino acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Note the name reaction and write its equation once in your notebook.
2. Such one-step recall questions are common in the JEE and NEET style papers.

Question 24: Enzymes belong to which class of compounds?
(a) polysaccharides
(b) polypeptides
(c) polynitrogen heterocyclic compounds
(d) hydrocarbons
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) polypeptides

Explanation:
1. Enzymes are proteins, which are polypeptides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Count carbons before and after the reaction to avoid mistakes in chain-length changes.
2. Check whether the reagent is a reducing, oxidising or dehydrating agent before choosing the product.

Question 25: By the action of enzymes, the rate of a biochemical reaction
(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) does not change
(d) either (a) or (c)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) increases

Explanation:
1. A catalyst lowers the activation energy and speeds up the reaction.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eliminate options by checking functional groups on both sides of the reaction.
2. Only one option will have the correct functional group and carbon skeleton.

Question 26: The metal present in blood is
(a) Al
(b) Mg
(c) Cu
(d) Fe
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Fe

Explanation:
1. Haemoglobin contains iron.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise the physical properties such as hydrogen bonding and boiling points together with the chemistry.
2. Compare similar compounds in pairs when you are asked to rank them.

Question 27: Which compound can exist in a dipolar (zwitter ion) state?
(a) C6H5CH2CH(N=CH2)COOH
(b) (CH3)2CH.CH(NH2)COOH
(c) C6H5CONHCH2COOH
(d) HOOC.CH2CH2COCOOH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) (CH3)2CH.CH(NH2)COOH

Explanation:
1. Only the amino acid valine has a free amino group and a carboxyl group.
2. The others have no basic amino group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reactivity order of acid derivatives: acyl chloride, anhydride, ester, amide.
2. Most questions of this type are solved by recalling the standard reagent and product pair.

Free study material for Chemistry

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for JEE Chemistry Biomolecules

JEE Chemistry Biomolecules Objective Test Questions

Test your conceptual understanding of Biomolecules with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest JEE curriculum for JEE Chemistry, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.

NCERT-Aligned Objective Questions and Solutions

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FAQs

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