ISC Class 12 Home Science Board Exam Question Paper 2024 with Solutions

ISC (Arts) Class 12 Home Science Board Exam Question Paper 2024 with Solutions

SECTION A - 14 MARKS

Q1. 1.1. The process of immersing food into boiling water for a short period and then plunging it in cold water to remove the outer layer is called ______. [1 Mark]
1. Boiling
2. Blanching
3. Simmering
4. Grilling

Answer: (2) Blanching

The process of immersing food into boiling water for a short period and then plunging it in cold water to remove the outer layer is called blanching.

Teacher's Note:
a) Blanching inactivates enzymes that cause loss of color, flavor, and texture in vegetables.
b) Students must not confuse blanching with boiling, which is a prolonged cooking process.

1.2. Venkatesh soaked rice and dal for six hours to prepare the batter for dosa. He ground them after six hours and kept the batter covered overnight. This is an excellent example of ______ food. [1 Mark]
1. germinating
2. supplementing
3. liming
4. fermenting

Answer: (4) fermenting

Venkatesh soaked rice and dal for six hours to prepare the batter for dosa. He ground them after six hours and kept the batter covered overnight. This is an excellent example of fermenting food.

Teacher's Note:
a) Fermentation enhances the nutritional value, digestibility, and shelf life of food products.
b) Natural microorganisms like yeast and bacteria break down complex carbohydrates during this process.

1.3. Which one of the following methods of payment does not cause a deduction in the bank balance at the time of transaction? [1 Mark]
1. Debit Card
2. Credit Card
3. Internet Banking
4. Mobile Banking

Answer: (2) Credit Card

Credit card purchases do not affect the bank balance immediately. Instead, they establish a line of credit, allowing consumers to borrow up to a set level.

Teacher's Note:
a) Credit cards operate on borrowed money that is repaid to the bank at a later billing date.
b) Debit cards and internet banking deduct funds directly from the user's savings or current account immediately.

1.4. ________ is given to products that are biodegradable and have the capacity to be recycled. [1 Mark]
1. Wool Mark
2. Hallmark
3. Handloom Mark
4. Eco Mark

Answer: (4) Eco Mark

Eco Mark is given to products that are biodegradable and have the capacity to be recycled.

Teacher's Note:
a) The Eco Mark label is issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) for environment friendly products.
b) Wool mark denotes pure wool content, whereas Hallmark is for the purity of precious metals like gold.

1.5. The use of alum in water is a common method of ensuring ______ water. [1 Mark]

Answer: Clear water.

Alum acts as a coagulant that causes suspended impurities to clump together and settle down at the bottom.

Teacher's Note:
a) Coagulation and sedimentation using alum help in clarifying turbid water.
b) Students should remember that alum aids in physical clarification, not chemical disinfection like chlorination.

1.6. Ravi is a young adolescent whose parents do not allow him to share his views. This makes him aggressive and indisciplined at school.
The style of parenting evident here is ______. [1 Mark]

Answer: Authoritarian.

Authoritarian parenting enforces strict rules and does not allow children to express their opinions.

Teacher's Note:
a) Authoritarian parenting often leads to low self-esteem, rebellion, and aggressive behavior in children.
b) Contrast this with authoritative parenting, which balances clear rules with warmth and open communication.

1.7. Money deposited in ______ account helps to earn interest at a rate higher than in other accounts. [1 Mark]

Answer: Fixed Deposit.

Fixed deposit accounts offer a higher rate of interest because money is locked in for a specified period.

Teacher's Note:
a) Higher interest rates are provided by banks for longer tenure lock-in periods.
b) Savings accounts provide lower interest rates due to high liquidity and flexibility of withdrawals.

1.8. Kasuti is a traditional form of embroidery derived from the geometric designs of the temple structure in the state of ______. [1 Mark]

Answer: Karnataka.

Kasuti is a traditional hand embroidery style from Karnataka featuring motifs influenced by temple architecture.

Teacher's Note:
a) The word Kasuti is derived from 'Kai' meaning hand and 'Suti' meaning cotton.
b) It is worked entirely by counting threads without tracing any design on the fabric.

1.9. Rita is seventeen years old and lives in a hostel. Her hair and nails are brittle, and she does not socialise much. She has a constant fear of gaining weight and hence maintains a low body weight.
Name the eating disorder Rita is suffering from. [1 Mark]

Answer: Anorexia nervosa.

Rita is suffering from anorexia nervosa, which is characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and severe food restriction.

Teacher's Note:
a) Anorexia nervosa leads to dramatic weight loss, malnutrition, brittle hair and nails, and social withdrawal.
b) It is a psychological eating disorder requiring counseling and nutritional rehabilitation.

1.10. Samuel is unwell and advised by the doctor to have soups, skimmed milk and boiled pulses. He has been asked to avoid green leafy vegetables, oily and high fibre foods. What is Samuel suffering from? [1 Mark]

Answer: Gastritis.

Samuel is suffering from gastritis or a digestive disorder that requires a bland, low-fiber, and easily digestible diet.

Teacher's Note:
a) High-fiber and oily foods irritate the stomach lining and stimulate excessive acid secretion.
b) Easily digestible liquids and soft foods allow the gastrointestinal tract to heal.

1.11. Name the toxic colour used during the preparation of iced candies and sweet meats. [1 Mark]

Answer: Malachite Green.

Malachite green is a harmful chemical dye often illegally used to impart vibrant green color to food items.

Teacher's Note:
a) Malachite green is a carcinogenic dye and is strictly prohibited for use in food.
b) Food adulteration laws penalize vendors who use non-permitted industrial colors.

1.12. Choose the correct pair from the following options: [1 Mark]
1. Braising - Kebabs
2. Roasting - Tomato Sauce
3. Boiling - Pakodas
4. Stewing - Pulses

Answer: (1) Braising - Kebabs

Braising involves searing followed by slow cooking in a covered pot with liquid, which is appropriate for meats like kebabs.

Teacher's Note:
a) Braising combines both dry heat (searing) and moist heat (simmering in liquid) methods.
b) Pakodas are deep-fried, and tomato sauce is typically simmered or boiled, making other options incorrect.

1.13. Choose the correct pair from the following options: [1 Mark]
1. Dyed textile - Phulkari
2. Woven textile - Jamdani
3. Painted textile - Ikat
4. Embroidered textile - Baluchari

Answer: (2) Woven textile - Jamdani

Jamdani is a fine cotton woven textile featuring elaborate ornamental designs created during the weaving process.

Teacher's Note:
a) Jamdani utilizes the supplemental weft technique on a handloom.
b) Phulkari is an embroidered textile, and Baluchari is a woven silk sari known for mythological pallu designs.

1.14. Mention any one example of food fads. [1 Mark]

Answer: Detox diet.

A detox diet is an example of a food fad that promotes extreme dietary restrictions or reliance on specific juices.

Teacher's Note:
a) Food fads promise rapid weight loss or health benefits without scientific backing.
b) They often lead to nutrient deficiencies and are unsustainable in the long run.

SECTION B - 28 MARKS

Q2. 2.1. Rajat cooked tandoori chicken and paneer tikka for his friends whom he had invited for dinner. Name the cooking method Rajat used to prepare these dishes. State any one advantage of this method of cooking. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Rajat prepared the dishes using the grilling method.
2. Advantage: Grilling allows excess fat to drip off from the food, resulting in lower fat content and healthier meals compared to frying.

Teacher's Note:
a) Grilling uses direct radiant heat from above or below.
b) It enhances the flavor and texture of meat and paneer while minimizing the need for added cooking oils.

2.2. How do personal preferences and dislikes affect selection of food while planning meals for the family? [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Individual tastes, food habits, and sensory preferences dictate what family members enjoy eating.
2. Cultural backgrounds, food allergies, or strong dislikes must be accommodated to ensure acceptance and proper nutrition.

Teacher's Note:
a) Meal planning must balance nutritional requirements with individual likes and dislikes to prevent food wastage.
b) Ignoring family preferences often leads to dissatisfaction and refusal of meals.

Q3. 3.1. List any two changes rice undergoes during cooking. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Gelatinization: Starch molecules absorb water when heated, swell, and burst to release amylose and amylopectin.
2. Water Absorption and Softening: Grains absorb moisture, increasing in volume and becoming soft and edible.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gelatinization is essential for making starch digestible and giving cooked rice its soft texture.
b) Incomplete cooking results in hard, ungelatinized starch cores within the rice grain.

3.2. State any two ways of minimising nutrient loss while cooking. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Use minimal water during cooking and utilize cooking water in soups or gravies to retain water-soluble vitamins.
2. Cook vegetables for a shorter duration using methods like steaming or stir-frying instead of overboiling.

Teacher's Note:
a) Prolonged heating and excessive water destroy heat-sensitive vitamins like Vitamin C and B-complex.
b) Cutting vegetables into larger pieces before cooking also reduces surface area exposure and nutrient leaching.

Q4. 4.1. Explain kneading as a preliminary treatment given to certain food items before cooking. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Kneading involves pressing, stretching, and folding dough to develop gluten in wheat flour.
2. It ensures uniform distribution of ingredients, incorporates air, and imparts elasticity and structural strength to baked goods.

Teacher's Note:
a) Gluten formation is critical for trapping carbon dioxide gas during yeast fermentation, allowing bread to rise.
b) Inadequate kneading results in dense and heavy texture in chapatis or bread.

4.2. Mention any two advantages of Induction Cooking. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Energy Efficiency: Induction cooktops heat the cookware directly through electromagnetic fields, leading to faster cooking times and less energy loss.
2. Safety: The cooktop surface remains cool to the touch, minimizing the risk of accidental burns.

Teacher's Note:
a) Induction cooking relies on compatible ferromagnetic cookware such as cast iron or stainless steel.
b) Temperature control is instantaneous and precise compared to traditional gas burners.

Q5. 5.1. Briefly discuss any two features of Current account in a bank. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. High Liquidity and Transactions: Current accounts permit a high number of deposits and withdrawals daily, making them ideal for business firms.
2. No Interest: These accounts generally do not earn any interest on deposits due to the high frequency of transactions and liquidity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Current accounts often require maintaining a higher minimum balance than savings accounts.
b) They provide overdraft facilities to businessmen to help manage short-term cash flow deficits.

5.2. Mr. Rana has to transfer money, but he is unable to go to the bank due to his ill health. He decides to transfer the amount through NEFT.
List any two necessary information Mr. Rana should possess to make this transaction. [2 Marks]

Answer:
1. Beneficiary details including the recipient's full name, bank account number, and branch IFSC code.
2. Online banking login credentials or access to mobile banking to authorize the electronic transfer.

Teacher's Note:
a) NEFT stands for National Electronic Funds Transfer, operated in batches by banks in India.
b) Incorrect IFSC code or account number can lead to transfer failure or misdirection of funds.

Q6. 6.1. State any four salient features of the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) programme. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Holistic Development: Provides integrated services including supplementary nutrition, health check-ups, and early childhood education for children under six.
2. Focus on Vulnerable Groups: Targets pregnant women, nursing mothers, and young children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds.
3. Community Participation: Leverages grassroots workers like Anganwadi workers to ensure community involvement and grassroot delivery of health education.
4. Inter-sectoral Coordination: Combines health, nutrition, and educational inputs from various government departments for comprehensive maternal and child welfare.

Teacher's Note:
a) ICDS is one of the world's largest outreach programs for early childhood care and development.
b) Anganwadi centers serve as the focal point for implementing these welfare services in rural and urban slum areas.

OR

6.2. State any four objectives of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Eradicate open defecation by constructing household and community toilets to improve public sanitation.
2. Promote proper hygiene and sanitation practices through public awareness and safe waste disposal.
3. Create a clean and sustainable environment through improved solid and liquid waste management systems.
4. Improve overall living standards and quality of life, particularly in rural communities, by reducing waterborne and sanitation-related diseases.

Teacher's Note:
a) Swachh Bharat Abhiyan was launched to accelerate sanitation coverage and achieve a clean India.
b) It emphasizes behavioral change alongside infrastructural development for lasting sanitation impact.

Q7. 7.1. Patola textiles are very expensive and were once worn only by those belonging to royal families. With reference to this statement, discuss the origin of these textiles and the motifs used on them. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Origin: Patola saris originate from Patan in Gujarat, crafted exclusively by the Salvi artisan community using an intricate double ikat technique.
2. Double Ikat Technique: Both warp and weft threads are tie-dyed with precision prior to weaving so that the pattern forms seamlessly on both sides of the fabric.
3. Historical Significance: Due to the extreme labor intensity and high cost, Patola textiles were patronized by royalty, aristocracy, and wealthy merchants.
4. Motifs: Traditional motifs include geometric patterns, floral designs, animal figures, and temple architecture influences symbolizing cultural richness.

Teacher's Note:
a) Double ikat is one of the most complex textile weaving techniques in the world.
b) Authentic Patola saris take several months or even a year to craft by hand.

7.2. Madhubani paintings are marked by bright colours and human forms.
In this context, briefly explain the technique adopted for this type of painting. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Origin and Tools: Madhubani paintings originate from the Mithila region of Bihar and are traditionally created using twigs, brushes, nib pens, or fingers instead of conventional fine art brushes.
2. Kachni and Bharni Styles: The technique includes 'Kachni' (line drawings) and 'Bharni' (filling colors) to create elaborate mythological and nature motifs.
3. Natural Pigments: Artists use vibrant natural colors extracted from plant leaves, flowers, turmeric, and mineral muds.
4. Abstract Human Forms: Human figures and deities are depicted in stylized, two-dimensional forms with prominent eyes and symbolic patterns filling the background spaces.

Teacher's Note:
a) Madhubani art was traditionally painted on freshly plastered mud walls of huts during festivals and rituals.
b) Today, this folk art form is practiced on handmade paper, cloth, and canvas.

Q8. 8.1. State any four responsibilities of a Consumer. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Product Research: Consumers must read labels carefully, checking ingredients, manufacturing dates, expiry dates, and instructions before making a purchase.
2. Informed Buying: Comparing prices, quality, and warranties to avoid impulse buying and ensure value for money.
3. Raising Grievances: Filing formal complaints against defective goods, unfair trade practices, or misleading advertisements with consumer forums.
4. Environmental Consciousness: Supporting eco-friendly businesses and sustainable products to protect the environment and society.

Teacher's Note:
a) Consumer rights must always be exercised alongside consumer responsibilities.
b) Keeping cash memos and bills is essential for claiming warranties and filing consumer complaints.

OR

8.2. Discuss any four problems faced by consumers while buying products from the market. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Misleading Advertisements: False claims and exaggerated promises regarding product performance deceive consumers into making wrong choices.
2. Poor Quality and Adulteration: Sale of substandard materials, fake branded items, or contaminated food products that pose health risks.
3. Unfair Pricing: Overcharging, artificial price inflation, hidden costs, and deceptive discount offers.
4. Lack of Adequate Information: Incomplete labeling, missing safety instructions, or confusing product details that prevent informed decision-making.

Teacher's Note:
a) Consumer protection acts provide legal mechanisms to address these marketplace malpractices.
b) Awareness campaigns help educate vulnerable buyers against fraudulent commercial practices.

SECTION C - 28 MARKS

Q9. 9.1. (a) What is meant by career? [2 Marks]

Answer:
A career refers to the general course of progression, professional experiences, and lifelong sequence of jobs pursued by an individual within a specific field to achieve personal and professional goals.

Teacher's Note:
a) Unlike a single job, a career encompasses continuous skill development and occupational growth.
b) Career planning involves matching personal interests, aptitudes, and values with suitable vocations.

9.1. (b) Briefly discuss the role of the school in the career choice made by a young adult. [5 Marks]

Answer:
1. Educational and Skill Development: Schools provide foundational knowledge, academic training, and co-curricular activities that help students identify their strengths and interests.
2. Career Guidance and Counseling: Schools offer professional counseling sessions to help students evaluate their aptitudes, understand educational pathways, and set achievable career goals.
3. Exposure to Professions: Organizing career fairs, inviting guest speakers, and facilitating internships expose students to various workplace environments and job requirements.
4. Personal and Professional Growth: Fostering critical thinking, communication, leadership, and teamwork skills required for workplace success.
5. Peer and Teacher Mentorship: Teachers and mentors guide students through crucial decision-making phases and encourage higher education pursuits.

Teacher's Note:
a) The school environment plays a formative role during adolescence when career aspirations begin to take shape.
b) Structured guidance helps reduce anxiety and confusion related to future career choices.

9.2. State any three facilities that can be provided to ensure the safety of elderly at home. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Fall Prevention Measures: Installing handrails, grab bars in bathrooms, and non-slip mats to prevent slips and falls.
2. Medical Alert Systems: Providing wearable emergency buttons or alarms for immediate communication during health emergencies.
3. Home Monitoring Technologies: Utilizing motion sensors, smart lighting, and security cameras to keep track of elderly family members remotely.

Teacher's Note:
a) Home modifications are crucial for senior citizens experiencing mobility or visual impairment.
b) Ensuring proper lighting in corridors and stairwells significantly reduces nighttime accidents.

Q10. 10.1. What is meant by adulthood? [2 Marks]

Answer:
Adulthood is the developmental stage of life characterized by legal maturity, economic independence, personal responsibility, and social accountability.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adulthood follows adolescence and is typically subdivided into early, middle, and late adulthood.
b) It involves major life transitions such as employment, marriage, and parenthood.

10.2. Give any three differences between Middle Adulthood and Late Adulthood. [3 Marks]

Answer:

Teacher's Note:
a) Middle adulthood is often a period of maximum productivity and leadership in society.
b) Late adulthood requires psychological adjustment to retirement and physical limitations.

10.3. 'Early adulthood is popularly referred to as a settling-down age and also as a problem age.' Comment. [5 Marks]

Answer:
1. Settling-down Age Aspect: Early adulthood involves establishing career paths, financial stability, finding a life partner, and starting a family.
2. Establishing Independence: Young adults transition from parental dependence to managing their own households and making independent life decisions.
3. Problem Age Aspect: It is termed a problem age due to the intense stress and uncertainties associated with professional struggles and financial pressures.
4. Interpersonal Adjustments: Adjusting to marital responsibilities, parenting demands, and societal expectations can cause emotional turmoil.
5. Conclusion: Thus, early adulthood is a complex transition phase that offers immense potential for stability alongside significant personal challenges.

Teacher's Note:
a) This life stage typically spans from the late teens or twenties up to about 40 years of age.
b) Effective coping mechanisms and social support are crucial for managing early adult stressors.

Q11. 11.1. Enumerate any four features of Cognitive Development during adolescence. [4 Marks]

Answer:
1. Abstract Thinking: Adolescents develop the ability to think about abstract concepts, logical deductions, and hypothetical situations beyond concrete experiences.
2. Metacognition: Capacity for "thinking about thinking," allowing teens to monitor their own learning, memory, and problem-solving strategies.
3. Advanced Moral Reasoning: Questioning established societal norms, developing personal ethical values, and evaluating right from wrong independently.
4. Identity Formation: Engaging in deep self-reflection, exploring personal beliefs, and questioning "Who am I?" to establish a distinct self-identity.

Teacher's Note:
a) Jean Piaget described this cognitive stage as the period of formal operational thought.
b) Adolescent egocentrism is also common, where teens believe others are constantly observing them.

11.2. Ritesh is a seventeen-year-old boy who is suffering from depression and needs help.
Suggest any three ways by which Ritesh can be helped to overcome depression. [3 Marks]

Answer:
1. Professional Counseling: Seek help from qualified clinical psychologists or therapists specializing in adolescent mental health and psychotherapy.
2. Building a Support System: Encourage open communication with supportive family members, trusted teachers, and empathetic friends.
3. Lifestyle Modifications: Promote regular physical exercise, healthy sleep routines, relaxation techniques, and engaging hobbies to uplift mood and reduce stress.

Teacher's Note:
a) Adolescent depression should never be ignored as a passing phase; timely intervention prevents severe consequences.
b) Creating a non-judgmental and supportive environment at home and school aids recovery significantly.

Q12. 12.1. Shweta is a dietician whose father suffers from hypertension.
i. State any two symptoms of the ailment Shweta's father is suffering from. [2 Marks]
ii. Name the two types of food that he should avoid eating. [2 Marks]
iii. As a dietician, how can Shweta plan a nutritious meal for her father? [3 Marks]

Answer:
i. Two symptoms of hypertension are:
a. Frequent headaches, particularly in the morning.
b. Dizziness or lightheadedness.
ii. He should avoid salty foods (high sodium) and sugary processed foods and beverages.
iii. Shweta can plan a nutritious meal by:
a. Incorporating plenty of fresh fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins.
b. Restricting sodium intake and using herbs and spices instead of salt for flavor.
c. Including potassium-rich foods like bananas, oranges, and spinach to help regulate blood pressure.
d. Controlling portion sizes to maintain a healthy body weight.

Teacher's Note:
a) Hypertension is often called a silent killer because it may present no symptoms initially.
b) Dietary approaches like the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet are highly recommended.

OR

12.2. Tara went to a farm on the outskirts of the city. She purchased honey and ghee from the farm. On reaching home, she found that the seal of the honey bottle was broken.
i. What are standardised marks? Which standardised mark should Tara look for on the above mentioned products? [2 Marks]
ii. 'On reaching home, she found that the seal of the honey bottle was broken.
Which right of Tara was violated as a consumer? [2 Marks]
iii. Mention any four details that a consumer should check on the label of a product, before purchase, to ensure its quality. [3 Marks]

Answer:
i. Standardised marks are official certification symbols that guarantee product quality, purity, and safety. Tara should look for the FSSAI mark for honey and the Agmark certification for ghee.
ii. The broken seal violates Tara's right to safety, as damaged packaging compromises product hygiene and safety.
iii. Four key details to check on product labels include:
a. Expiry Date: To ensure the product is safe and fresh for consumption.
b. Manufacturer Information: Name and address for accountability and traceability.
c. Ingredient List: To check components and prevent allergic reactions.
d. Standardized Quality Marks: Such as Agmark, ISI, or FSSAI to ensure government quality compliance.

Teacher's Note:
a) Agmark stands for Agricultural Marketing, certifying quality standards for agricultural products in India.
b) Consumers must inspect packaging integrity before making any purchase to avoid adulterated goods.