GSEB Class 9 English Solutions Chapter 2 Dental Health

(A) Know Your Teeth.

Now fill in the table.

(B) Here is the picture of a Dental Chair. Observe it closely and discuss with your classmates how it is different from other regular chairs. (Classroom discussion)

Vocabulary

Interchange the underlined words if needed to make the sentences meaningful.

Question 1. My grandfather is very old. He has no teeth. He uses remedy to chew.
Answer: My grandfather is very old. He has no teeth. He uses dentures to chew.
In simple words: The sentence needed a correction. Grandfather is old and has no teeth, so he would use dentures, not a remedy, to chew.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the context of the sentence to choose the most suitable word for replacement.

Question 2. Take this painkiller tablet. The toothache will denture.
Answer: Take this painkiller tablet. The toothache will subside.
In simple words: The sentence needed a correction. A painkiller helps a toothache go away, so "subside" is the right word, not "denture".

Exam Tip: Understand the meaning of each word to correctly complete the sentence.

Question 3. "There is a cavity in your premolar," said Dr Saiyad.
Answer: "There is a cavity in your premolar," said Dr Saiyad.
In simple words: The sentence did not require any changes as the word "cavity" is already correctly used in the context of a premolar.

Exam Tip: Not all underlined words need to be changed; sometimes they are already correct.

Question 4. I think, there is a embarrassed for your poor English grammar.
Answer: I think, there is a remedy for your poor English grammar.
In simple words: The sentence needed a correction. "Remedy" is the correct word as it means a solution or treatment for poor grammar, whereas "embarrassed" describes a feeling.

Exam Tip: Consider the part of speech required (noun, verb, adjective) when choosing a replacement word.

Question 5. A dentist uses a white substance to fill the cavity in teeth.
Answer: A dentist uses a white substance to fill the cavity in teeth.
In simple words: The sentence did not require any changes as the word "substance" is correctly used for what a dentist uses to fill a cavity.

Exam Tip: Review the original text carefully to ensure the current word is not already the most appropriate choice.

Question 2. Make a list of the sentences from the lesson wherein these words are used.
(prescribe, hygiene, germs, particles, enamel, permanent, toothache)
Answer:
(1) I am prescribing some medicines today.
(2) Cleaning of mouth is the first requirement of dental hygiene.
(3) Now germs feed on these food particles, that eventually eat up parts of the teeth, too!
(4) The uppermost white layer is called enamel.
(5) Thereafter, new permanent teeth come up.
(6) Sonia has a severe toothache.
In simple words: This question asks us to find sentences from the lesson that use certain words. The sentences provided use each of the specified words in a proper context related to dental health.

Exam Tip: When asked to extract sentences, ensure they are copied exactly from the text and accurately use the given keywords.

Question 3. Classify the words.
(deciduous, white substance, restoration, milk, permanent, denture, cavity, incisor, canine, black spot, molar, premolar)
Answer:

Exam Tip: Understand the categories thoroughly before classifying words to ensure each word is placed in the most appropriate column.

Question 4. Replace the underlined words / phrases with the words from the text.

Question 1. Your teeth are yellowish because the white cover of teeth is worn out.
Your teeth are yellowish because the enamel is worn out.
Answer: The corrected sentence explains that yellowish teeth are caused by worn-out enamel, which is the white outer layer.
In simple words: The "white cover of teeth" is the enamel, so we replace it with that word.

Exam Tip: Identify the specific part of the tooth described by the phrase to find the correct term for replacement.

Question 2. If you do not brush your teeth before going to bed, tiny bits may harm your teeth.
If you do not brush your teeth before going to bed, food particles may harm your teeth.
Answer: The corrected sentence clarifies that "tiny bits" of food, or food particles, can damage teeth if brushing is neglected before bedtime.
In simple words: "Tiny bits" are basically food particles, so we use that phrase instead.

Exam Tip: Look for a more precise or scientific term from the text that matches the general description.

Question 3. Sunita is capable to take part in this essay competition as she is good at writing.
Sunita is competent to take part in this essay competition as she is good at writing.
Answer: The corrected sentence states that Sunita is competent to participate in the essay competition because she writes well.
In simple words: "Capable" means the same as "competent" here, so we replace it with the word from the text.

Exam Tip: Choose synonyms from the provided text that maintain the sentence's original meaning and flow.

Question 4. As the doctor was free on that day, he could give some time for Sonia.
As the doctor was free on that day, She could spare some time for Sonia.
Answer: The corrected sentence indicates that since the doctor was available, she could spare some time to spend with Sonia.
In simple words: "Give some time" can be replaced with "spare some time" to make it sound more natural.

Exam Tip: Select the idiom or phrase that best fits the context of "making time available for someone."

Question 5. We should know about the study and practice of cleanliness for our good health.
We should know about hygiene for our good health.
Answer: The corrected sentence emphasizes that knowledge of hygiene is important for maintaining good health.
In simple words: "Study and practice of cleanliness" is another way of saying "hygiene," so we swap it.

Exam Tip: Find the single, concise term that replaces a longer descriptive phrase while conveying the same idea.

Question 6. The innermost layer in the teeth is necessary to make teeth strong.
The dental pulp is necessary to make teeth strong.
Answer: The corrected sentence states that the dental pulp, the innermost layer of teeth, is important for tooth strength.
In simple words: The "innermost layer in the teeth" is called the dental pulp, so that's the word we use.

Exam Tip: Use specific anatomical terms from the text to replace general descriptions of body parts.

Question 7. I am ashamed because I have cheated my friends.
I am embarrassed because I have cheated my friends.
Answer: The corrected sentence conveys that the speaker feels embarrassed after having cheated their friends.
In simple words: "Ashamed" and "embarrassed" are very similar here, and "embarrassed" is the word given in the text.

Exam Tip: Choose the word that reflects the emotional state most accurately within the given context of having done something wrong.

Question 8. As soon as one grows up to 8 years, temporary teeth begin to shed.
As soon as one grows up to 8 years, his milk / deciduous teeth begin to shed.
Answer: The corrected sentence explains that when a child reaches about 8 years of age, their temporary or milk teeth start to fall out.
In simple words: "Temporary teeth" are also known as milk teeth or deciduous teeth, so we use those terms.

Exam Tip: Use the more precise biological terms for types of teeth as found in the lesson text.

Question 9. Your tooth are not in a proper line so you have to take special treatment.
Your teeth are not in a proper line so you have to take special treatment.
Answer: The corrected sentence indicates that if teeth are not properly aligned, special dental treatment is required.
In simple words: "Not in a proper line" means they are not straight or aligned correctly.

Exam Tip: Focus on finding a synonym or phrase that clearly describes the misalignment of teeth.

Comprehension

Question 1. Complete the table.

Question 2. Write down the 'Dos' and 'Don'ts' for dental health.
Answer:

Exam Tip: Clearly distinguish between recommended actions and those to be avoided to score well on this type of question.

Question 3. Answer the questions.

Question 1. Why did Ashokbhai take Sonia to Dr Bansi Sharma?
Answer: Ashokbhai took Sonia to Dr Bansi Sharma because she had a severe toothache.
In simple words: Ashokbhai brought Sonia to the doctor because her tooth was hurting a lot.

Exam Tip: When answering "Why" questions, provide a clear and direct reason based on the text.

Question 2. What treatment did Dr Bansi Sharma give to Sonia?
Answer: First, Dr Bansi Sharma gave Sonia some medicines to stop the pain. The next day, he cleaned the cavity and then filled it with a white substance.
In simple words: Dr Bansi Sharma first gave Sonia medicine for her pain, then he cleaned her tooth and filled it.

Exam Tip: Detail the treatment steps in chronological order as presented in the story.

Question 3. What according to Dr Bansi Sharma, must Sonia do to take care of her teeth?
Answer: According to Dr Bansi Sharma, Sonia must brush her teeth regularly, twice a day. She must clean her mouth after every meal. She must brush her teeth in the right way. She must also brush the gum-line gently.
In simple words: Dr Bansi Sharma said Sonia should brush her teeth twice daily, clean her mouth after meals, and brush correctly and gently along the gums.

Exam Tip: List all the instructions given by the doctor to ensure a complete answer.

Question 4. What happens if we don't clean our teeth regularly?
Answer: If we don't clean our teeth regularly, tiny bits of food get stuck in the teeth. Then germs feed on these food particles and also eat up parts of teeth. They destroy the enamel, which leads to cavity.
In simple words: Not cleaning teeth often lets small food pieces stick, causing germs to grow, which then eat away at the tooth's surface and create holes.

Exam Tip: Explain the chain of events from not brushing to cavity formation clearly.

Question 5. What is the right way of brushing the teeth, according to Dr Sharma?
Answer: According to Dr Sharma, the right way is to move the brush upwards and downwards. The gum-line should also be brushed with gentle strokes.
In simple words: Dr Sharma explained that you should move your toothbrush up and down, and also gently brush where your gums meet your teeth.

Exam Tip: Describe the brushing technique precisely, including both motion and pressure.

Question 6. How can we prevent cavity in the teeth ?
Answer: We can prevent cavity in the teeth by brushing teeth regularly twice a day and cleaning our mouth after every meal.
In simple words: To stop cavities, brush your teeth two times a day and clean your mouth after each meal.

Exam Tip: Focus on the main preventative measures mentioned in the text to answer this question.

Question 7. What is enamel ?
Answer: The uppermost white layer of the teeth is called enamel.
In simple words: Enamel is the very top white coating on our teeth.

Exam Tip: Provide a concise and accurate definition directly from the text.

Question 8. How many layers do our teeth have? What are they called?
Answer: Our teeth have three layers. The uppermost white layer is called the enamel. The second yellowish layer is called dentin. The innermost layer is called dental pulp.
In simple words: Our teeth have three parts: the white enamel on top, then the yellowish dentin, and finally the inner dental pulp.

Exam Tip: Name each layer of the tooth and briefly describe its appearance or location.

Question 9. What will Sonia learn from her project?
Answer: Sonia will learn about dental hygiene from her project.
In simple words: Sonia will learn about keeping teeth clean and healthy from her project.

Exam Tip: Answer directly, stating the main outcome or learning from the project.

• Take a project on a disease and find out its symptoms. What should one do to prevent it? (Project work)

Language Practice

Question 1. Read this passage. Study the underlined words.
My Robot's Skills
My first robot was a sort of alarm clock that could wake me up every morning. Earlier I thought I must make a robot that is able to ring, but later on I prepared one that could even shout “Wake up”. Another great characteristic of my first robot was he could push me from my bed and make sure I'd get to school on time. At the same time I have strongly decided that. I must develop a device that is going to enable me to sleep in peace. My boss has ordered me that I have to develop a robot that can kill insects such as mosquitoes, flies or other pests as per my boss' order. So I have developed a perfect robot. My robot cannot only exterminate insects, but I have taken care that he must be capable of vacuum-cleaning the floor to get rid of the dead insects.
In simple words: This passage talks about a person's robot, describing its different abilities like waking them up and later, how it was improved to kill insects and vacuum-clean. The underlined words highlight various modal verbs and phrases.

Exam Tip: When studying passages with underlined words, focus on understanding the grammatical function and meaning of each highlighted term within its context.

Question 2. Read the situations. Tick mark the appropriate options

Question 3. Work in pairs. Take a card containing the clues. Read the clues one after the other. Let your partner guess the name : of the job. Count the points as shown ? in the brackets.

Clues:

Question 1. You have to wake up very early. (6 points) MILKMAN / NEWSPAPER VENDOR
Answer: A milkman or newspaper vendor needs to wake up very early to deliver their products to customers on time.
In simple words: To deliver milk or newspapers, you must get up before dawn.

Exam Tip: Think about jobs that begin their work very early in the morning.

Question 2. You have to work hard every day. (5 points) COOLIE / PORTER
Answer: A coolie or porter performs physically demanding tasks daily, requiring consistent hard work.
In simple words: Jobs like a coolie or porter mean you carry heavy things every day, which is hard work.

Exam Tip: Consider occupations known for their strenuous physical labor performed daily.

Question 3. You must be fit. (4 points) SPORTSMAN
Answer: A sportsman needs to maintain a high level of physical fitness to excel in their sport and handle the demands of training and competition.
In simple words: To be good at sports, you need to be very fit and strong.

Exam Tip: Identify professions where physical conditioning is a fundamental requirement for success.

Question 4. You must operate machinery. (3 points) MECHANIC
Answer: A mechanic's role involves using and operating various types of machinery and tools to repair or maintain vehicles and engines.
In simple words: A mechanic's job is to use different machines and tools to fix things.

Exam Tip: Think of professions that primarily involve working with and controlling mechanical equipment.

Question 5. You must work in the countryside. (2 points) FARMER
Answer: A farmer's work is intrinsically linked to agricultural land and the countryside, where crops are grown and livestock is raised.
In simple words: Farmers work on land outside of cities, growing crops and raising animals.

Exam Tip: Consider jobs that are directly involved with agriculture and rural environments.

Question 6. You have to work with plants and animals. (1 point) BIOLOGIST
Answer: A biologist studies living organisms, including plants and animals, often through research, observation, and experiments.
In simple words: A biologist studies living things like plants and animals.

Exam Tip: Identify scientific professions that focus on the study of life forms.

Question 7. You must be brave and helpful. (6 points) POLICEMAN
Answer: A policeman is expected to be brave in dangerous situations and helpful to the public by maintaining law and order.
In simple words: Police officers need to be brave to face dangers and help people.

Exam Tip: Think of public service roles that require courage and a willingness to assist others.

Question 8. You mustn't be afraid of heights. (5 points) MOUNTAINEER / PILOT
Answer: A mountaineer regularly ascends tall peaks, and a pilot operates aircraft at high altitudes, so both must be comfortable with heights.
In simple words: People who climb mountains or fly planes can't be scared of being very high up.

Exam Tip: Consider occupations that routinely involve significant elevation or airborne activities.

Question 9. You have to work in a team. (4 points) MUSICIAN / SINGER
Answer: Many musicians and singers perform in groups, such as bands or choirs, which requires strong teamwork and coordination.
In simple words: Musicians and singers often work together in groups, so they must be good at teamwork.

Exam Tip: Focus on collaborative artistic professions where group performance is common.

Question 10. You must sometimes sleep at work. (3 points) WATCHMAN
Answer: A watchman or security guard often works night shifts and may have designated rest periods, potentially sleeping on-site during their duty.
In simple words: Watchmen often work at night, and sometimes they sleep at their workplace during their shift.

Exam Tip: Consider jobs that involve overnight shifts and require being present at a location for extended periods.

Question 11. You have to wear a uniform. (2 points) POLICEMAN / POSTMAN / SOLDIER / STUDENT
Answer: Policemen, postmen, soldiers, and students all typically wear specific uniforms that identify their role or institution.
In simple words: Many jobs, like police or soldiers, require wearing a special uniform. Students also wear uniforms to school.

Exam Tip: Think about professions or roles where a standardized dress code is mandatory for identification.

Question 12. You have to save people from fires. (1 point) FIREMAN
Answer: A fireman's primary duty is to extinguish fires and rescue individuals from burning buildings or other hazardous situations.
In simple words: A fireman's main job is to put out fires and save people.

Exam Tip: Identify emergency service roles focused on fire suppression and rescue operations.

Clues:

Question 13. You must have good eyesight. (6 points) DRIVER / PILOT
Answer: A driver needs clear vision to navigate roads safely, and a pilot relies on excellent eyesight for operating aircraft and visual checks.
In simple words: Drivers and pilots need very good vision to do their jobs safely.

Exam Tip: Consider professions where visual acuity is critical for safety and performance.

Question 14. You have to sit down. (5 points) MODEL
Answer: A model, especially in drawing or sculpture, often needs to remain seated or in a specific pose for extended periods.
In simple words: A model often has to sit still for a long time during photo shoots or art sessions.

Exam Tip: Think of professions that require maintaining a static position for a duration.

Question 15. You don't have to speak. (4 points) MIMICRY ARTIST
Answer: A mimicry artist primarily reproduces sounds or voices, but in some acts, they might perform without speaking their own words, focusing on non-verbal mimicry.
In simple words: A mimicry artist can copy sounds and actions without needing to speak their own words.

Exam Tip: Consider performance arts where speaking is not always essential, or is done in a mimicked voice.

Question 16. You have to use your hands and feet. (3 points) DANCER
Answer: A dancer uses their entire body, including hands and feet, for intricate movements, balance, and expressing rhythm and emotion.
In simple words: Dancers use their hands and feet for all their movements and expressions.

Exam Tip: Identify physical professions that require coordinated use of both upper and lower limbs.

Question 17. You must know your destination very well. (2 points) DRIVER
Answer: A driver, particularly one in transport services, needs to know their route and destination very well to ensure timely and correct delivery or passenger transport.
In simple words: A driver must know exactly where they are going.

Exam Tip: Think of roles where navigating to a specific location is a core responsibility.

Question 18. You have to pick people up at the stop. (1 point) BUS DRIVER
Answer: A bus driver's main task involves driving a bus along a set route, regularly stopping at designated points to pick up and drop off passengers.
In simple words: A bus driver picks people up from specific stops.

Exam Tip: Consider public transport roles that involve scheduled stops for passengers.

Clues:

Question 19. You have to like talking to people. (6 points) TELEPHONE OPERATOR
Answer: A telephone operator spends their work time communicating with many different people, so enjoying conversation is a helpful trait.
In simple words: If you work as a telephone operator, you will talk to many people all day.

Exam Tip: Identify communication-intensive roles that involve frequent verbal interaction with the public.

Question 20. You have to stand for a long time. (5 points) TRAFFIC POLICE
Answer: Traffic police officers often stand for long periods at intersections or along roads to direct traffic and enforce regulations.
In simple words: Traffic police officers stand for many hours directing cars.

Exam Tip: Consider professions that demand prolonged periods of standing, often outdoors.

Question 21. You must work inside. (4 points) MINER / DIVER
Answer: A miner works deep underground in mines, and a diver operates underwater, both performing their duties in enclosed or submerged environments.
In simple words: Miners work underground, and divers work under water, so they both work inside specific confined spaces.

Exam Tip: Think of occupations that take place within confined or specialized indoor/underwater settings.

Question 22. You must be good with your hands. (3 points) POTTER / PAINTER
Answer: A potter expertly shapes clay with their hands, and a painter uses their hands to control brushes and create artwork, both requiring manual dexterity.
In simple words: Potters and painters use their hands very skillfully to create things.

Exam Tip: Identify artistic or craft-based professions that rely heavily on fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.

Question 23. You have to sweep the floor. (2 points) SWEEPER
Answer: A sweeper's main responsibility is to clean floors and surfaces, typically using a broom or other sweeping tools.
In simple words: A sweeper's job is to clean floors by sweeping them.

Exam Tip: Think of roles focused on cleaning and maintaining tidiness, especially of floors.

Question 24. You have to cut other people's hair. (1 point) BARBER
Answer: A barber is a professional who specializes in cutting, styling, and grooming people's hair, particularly men's hair.
In simple words: A barber cuts and styles hair for others.

Exam Tip: Identify service professions that involve personal grooming and hair care.

Clues:

Question 25. You have to be supportive. (6 points) ACTOR
Answer: Actors often play supportive roles in a production, helping to enhance the main characters' performances and the overall story.
In simple words: Actors often play parts that support the main story or other characters.

Exam Tip: Consider the collaborative nature of performing arts and how different roles contribute to the whole.

Question 26. You have to speak to many people. (5 points) COUNSELLOR
Answer: A counsellor regularly converses with many individuals, guiding and advising them on various personal or professional issues.
In simple words: Counsellors talk to lots of people to help them with their problems.

Exam Tip: Think of professions where extensive verbal communication and interaction with diverse groups are central.

Question 27. You mustn't be late for work. (4 points) BOSS
Answer: A boss, or manager, sets an example and is responsible for team productivity, so punctuality is vital for them.
In simple words: A boss needs to be on time for work to set a good example for their team.

Exam Tip: Consider leadership roles where setting a good example and maintaining discipline are important.

Question 28. You have to be well prepared. (3 points) STUDENT
Answer: A student must always be well-prepared for classes, exams, and assignments to succeed in their academic pursuits.
In simple words: Students always need to be ready for their classes and tests.

Exam Tip: Think of roles where learning and demonstrating knowledge through preparation are key responsibilities.

Question 29. You must be knowledgeable. (2 points) ADVISOR
Answer: An advisor provides expert guidance and recommendations, which requires them to be very knowledgeable in their specific field.
In simple words: An advisor must know a lot about their subject to give good advice.

Exam Tip: Identify professions where providing expert opinions or guidance is the main function.

Question 30. You have to work in a classroom. (1 point) TEACHER
Answer: A teacher primarily works in a classroom setting, instructing students and managing the learning environment.
In simple words: Teachers spend most of their time working in classrooms with students.

Exam Tip: Consider educational professions that primarily operate within a school or classroom environment.

Clues:

Question 31. You have to work with water. (4 points) SAILOR / WASHERMAN
Answer: A sailor works on the sea, constantly surrounded by water, and a washerman cleans clothes using water as a primary resource.
In simple words: Sailors are always on the water, and washermen use water to clean things.

Exam Tip: Think of occupations that are directly involved with bodies of water or use water extensively in their daily tasks.

Question 32. You mustn't be afraid of heights. (3 points) PILOT / MOUNTAINEER
Answer: Pilots fly planes at high altitudes, and mountaineers climb tall mountains, so neither can have a fear of heights.
In simple words: Pilots and mountaineers must be comfortable being high up.

Exam Tip: Recall jobs that involve significant elevation, whether airborne or on land.

Question 33. You have to use a bucket in your work. (2 points) WASHERMAN / CLEANER
Answer: A washerman uses a bucket to carry water for washing clothes, and a cleaner might use a bucket for cleaning solutions or collecting waste.
In simple words: Washermen and cleaners often use buckets for their work.

Exam Tip: Identify professions where a bucket is a common and essential tool for daily tasks.

Question 34. You have to clean windows. (1 point) CAR CLEANER
Answer: A car cleaner's duties include cleaning all parts of a car, specifically focusing on sparkling windows for clear visibility.
In simple words: A car cleaner cleans the windows of cars.

Exam Tip: Focus on roles where cleaning windows is a distinct and frequent task.

Question 4. What would you say in these situations? Use these words.
(be sick, crash, get wet, lose, not stop, rain)

Example : The sky is full of dark clouds.
It's going to rain.

Question 1. Now it has started raining? There's nowhere to take shelter and you haven't got an umbrella.
I am going to get wet.
Answer: If it has started raining and there is no shelter or umbrella, you are certain to get wet.
In simple words: If it's raining and you have no cover, you will get wet.

Exam Tip: Use the most direct and logical consequence from the given word list for the situation.

Question 2. You feel awful. There's a terrible feeling in your stomach.
I am going to fall sick.
Answer: When feeling awful with a terrible stomachache, it is likely that you are going to fall sick.
In simple words: If you feel very bad with a stomach ache, you will likely get sick.

Exam Tip: Match the physical symptoms described to the appropriate health-related outcome.

Question 3. You are playing cricket. The game is nearly over and you have 10 runs to make.
We are going to lose the match.
Answer: With the game nearly over and 10 runs still needed, it is a challenging situation where you are going to lose the match if you don't score quickly.
In simple words: If you need 10 runs with little time left in cricket, you will probably lose.

Exam Tip: Analyze the implied outcome of the sporting situation given the limited time and required score.

Question 4. You can see a plane coming down. It's out of control and falling to the ground.
It is going to crash.
Answer: If a plane is falling out of control, the inevitable outcome is that it is going to crash.
In simple words: A falling, uncontrolled plane means it will crash.

Exam Tip: For dangerous scenarios, use the word that describes the most severe and direct consequence.

Question 5. You are waiting for a bus. There's one coming, but you don't know if it's the one you want. It's moving very fast.
It is not going to stop.
Answer: If a bus is approaching very quickly, especially if you are unsure if it's your bus, it is probable that it is not going to stop for you.
In simple words: If a fast bus is coming and you don't know if it's yours, it likely won't stop.

Exam Tip: Interpret the context of speed and uncertainty in public transport to predict the outcome.

Question 5. Your group has just taken over the management of a hotel. With your group members, look at the information and decide what the rules are going to be in your hotel. Use must, can and can't.

Examples : Guests should not disturb others.
Guests must check out before 12 noon.
Guests mustn't smoke in their room.
Guests have to leave their keys when they go out. Staff don't have to work on weekends.
Staff can have sick leave.
Guests can't order breakfast after 10 a.m.

Question 1. Based on the hotel management scenario, what rules would apply to guests regarding check-in, check-out, and payment?
Answer:

Exam Tip: Clearly state each rule using precise times and conditions, especially for payment and cancellation policies.

Question 2. What are the rules concerning guest rooms, including keys, smoking, Wi-Fi, and visitors?
Answer:

Exam Tip: Include all specific details for each rule, such as designated smoking areas or the cost of Wi-Fi (or lack thereof).

Question 3. What rules apply to breakfast, lunch, and dinner in the hotel, including ordering and smoking?
Answer:

Exam Tip: Clearly state meal times, location options (room/restaurant), and any specific prohibitions like smoking.

Other rules

Question 4. What are the rules for staff regarding working hours, weekends, leave, and sick leave?
Answer:

Exam Tip: List all conditions for staff attendance and leave, including specific requirements like applications or medical certificates.

Question 5. What are the rules for staff clothing and identification?
Answer:

Exam Tip: State the rules clearly regarding mandatory uniform wear and identification for staff members.

Question 6. Study the notices displayed on your school noticeboard. Prepare a notice for a fancy dress competition to be held in your school.

(1) Mention the rules. Example: Interested candidates must get their names registered within five days.
Answer: Interested candidates must get their names registered within five days.
In simple words: Students who want to join should sign up in five days.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the registration deadline and method for interested participants.

(2) Mention various alternatives. Example: Interested students can take up roles such as vegetable vendor, farmer, etc.
Answer: Interested students can take up roles such as vegetable vendor, farmer, etc.
In simple words: Students can choose costumes like a vegetable seller or farmer.

Exam Tip: Provide diverse and engaging examples of roles to inspire creativity.

(3) Give general details of the competition. Example: The competition is going to start at 10:00 a.m. sharp. The decision of the judges will be final.
Answer: The competition is going to start at 10:00 a.m. sharp. The decision of the judges will be final.
In simple words: The contest starts exactly at 10 a.m., and the judges' decision is the last word.

Exam Tip: Include essential information like the start time and the authority of the judges.

SARASWATI VIDYALAYA
(High School Section)
FANCY DRESS COMPETITION

The Annual Fancy Dress Competition of our school will be held on 25th December, 2015, at 10 a.m., in the Assembly Hall. All the students, who are interested in participating, must submit their names with their class teachers by 1st December, 2015. Please get a copy of the rules from the office. The decision of the judges will be final.
In simple words: Our school is holding a fancy dress competition on December 25th, 2015, at 10 a.m. in the Assembly Hall. Students who want to participate need to sign up with their class teachers by December 1st, 2015. You can get the full rules from the office, and the judges' decision will be the last word.

Exam Tip: When drafting a notice, include all crucial details like event name, date, time, venue, eligibility, registration deadline, and where to find more information.

Writing

Question 1. Here is the correct method of brushing teeth. Read it carefully. Now write the instructions for brushing your teeth. Work in pairs.

Question 1. (A) You should hold the brush at 45° angle. (B) You should move the brush in short back and forth motions on the outer surfaces of the teeth. (C) You must not scrub.
Answer: To brush properly, hold your toothbrush at a 45-degree angle. Move it back and forth gently on the outside of your teeth. Make sure not to scrub too hard.
In simple words: Hold your brush tilted, move it back and forth softly on the outside of your teeth, and don't scrub.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to the angle, motion, and pressure for effective and safe brushing as described.

Question 2. (A) Use back and forth motion for chewing surfaces.
Answer: You should move the brush back and forth for chewing surfaces.
In simple words: Brush the tops of your teeth by moving the brush back and forth.

Exam Tip: Remember to use a back-and-forth motion specifically for the chewing surfaces to clean them effectively.

(2B) Use short-angled strokes along the gum-line.
You should move the brush in short-angled strokes along the gum-line.

(3A) Use gentle up strokes with the brush.
You should move the brush up with gentle strokes.

(3B) Use gentle down strokes with the brush.
You should move the brush down with gentle strokes.

(4) Brush tongue back to front using sweeping motion.
You should brush the tongue back to front in a sweeping motion.

Question 2. Read the prescription and explain to Kalaben about her disease, dosage and timings of medicines. Write this explanation as a paragraph.
Answer: Kalaben, aged 56, visited Dr. Hardik Gadhiya on July 7, 2016, suffering from a cough and cold for ten days. She was diagnosed with a viral infection. Dr. Gadhiya prescribed three medications: Tulsi Ghanvati, Tribhoovankirti Rasa, and Shwaaskaasaari syrup. Kalaben needs to take two Tulsi Ghanvati tablets twice a day after meals. She should also take two Tribhoovankirti Rasa tablets with honey before breakfast and two tablets with honey at bedtime. Additionally, she is advised to take two spoons of Shwaaskaasaari syrup four times a day with water.
In simple words: Kalaben, 56, had a viral infection causing her cough and cold. The doctor gave her three medicines. She needs to take Tulsi Ghanvati tablets twice daily after meals. Tribhoovankirti Rasa with honey is for before breakfast and bedtime. Shwaaskaasaari syrup should be taken four times daily with water.

Exam Tip: When explaining a prescription, always clearly state the patient's condition, the doctor's diagnosis, and then detail each medication with its precise dosage, frequency, and timing (e.g., before/after meals, with water).

Question 3. Suppose you are the Dental Chair at the Dental Care Clinic of Dr Bansi Sharma. Write your experiences and feelings during a day.
Answer: Hello! I am the dental chair at Dr. Bansi Sharma's Dental Care Clinic. Patients come here and sit on me for their check-ups and treatments. I have many different experiences and feelings throughout the day. Today, the first patient was a scared little boy with a bad toothache. When he sat on me, he started screaming and crying, almost jumping around. His dirty shoes made me quite messy! I felt annoyed, but then the assistant cleaned me. The next patient was an older man who had a tooth removed. He sat quietly, but the treatment was quite painful. Liquid medicines and water often dripped on me, making me dirty again. But that was fine; I understood. Many patients came and went all day long. I feel happy that I give comfort and rest to people, but I get angry when I become dirty.
In simple words: As a dental chair, I see many patients daily. A frightened boy made me dirty with his shoes, which annoyed me. An old man had a painful tooth removal, and liquids spilled on me. I feel happy to help people but dislike getting messy.

Exam Tip: When writing from a unique perspective like an inanimate object, focus on sensory details (what it sees, feels, hears) and simple emotions to make the narrative engaging and believable.

Comprehension

A. Read the extracts and answer the questions.

Question 1. How did Sonia suffer because of a toothache?
Answer: Sonia could not eat, sleep, or go to school. Studying at home was also impossible for her due to the intense pain.
In simple words: Sonia's toothache made it hard for her to eat, sleep, go to school, or study.

Exam Tip: For questions about suffering, list all the distinct ways the person was affected as described in the passage.

Question 2. What did Sonia's uncle say?
Answer: Sonia's uncle stated that they must visit a dentist for her condition.
In simple words: Her uncle said they needed to see a dentist.

Exam Tip: Always quote or accurately paraphrase direct statements made by characters in the story.

Question 1. Where did Sonia go in the evening?
Answer: In the evening, Sonia went to Dr. Bansi Sharma's dental clinic.
In simple words: That evening, Sonia visited Dr. Sharma's dental clinic.

Exam Tip: Provide the exact name and location mentioned in the text for places visited by characters.

Question 2. What kind of a doctor was Dr Sharma?
Answer: Dr. Sharma was described as a young and capable doctor.
In simple words: Dr. Sharma was a young and skilled doctor.

Exam Tip: When asked about a character's description, use adjectives directly from or implied by the passage.

Question 1. Which instruments did the doctor use to check Sonia's teeth?
Answer: The doctor utilized a mouth mirror and a probe to examine Sonia's teeth.
In simple words: The doctor checked Sonia's teeth with a mirror and a probe.

Exam Tip: List specific tools or items mentioned when the question asks about them directly.

Question 2. What did the doctor see?
Answer: The doctor found a cavity in one of Sonia's premolars.
In simple words: The doctor noticed a cavity in a premolar tooth.

Exam Tip: Be precise about what was observed, including the specific location if mentioned.

Question 1. Why did the doctor give medicines to Sonia?
Answer: The doctor gave medicines to Sonia so that her pain would lessen, allowing for further treatment the next day.
In simple words: The doctor gave Sonia medicine to stop the pain, so he could treat her more the next day.

Exam Tip: Explain the purpose or reason behind an action, linking it directly to the desired outcome.

Question 2. Why could Sonia come alone?
Answer: Sonia was able to come alone because she was a brave girl.
In simple words: Sonia came by herself because she was brave.

Exam Tip: Identify the character trait or specific circumstance that enabled the action.

Question 1. What treatment did the doctor give Sonia?
Answer: The doctor cleansed the cavity using an air rotor and then filled it with a white substance.
In simple words: The doctor cleaned Sonia's cavity with a special tool and then filled it with a white material.

Exam Tip: Describe the steps of a procedure accurately, mentioning the tools and materials used.

Question 2. Why could the doctor spare time to talk to Sonia?
Answer: The doctor had extra time to speak with Sonia because she was the last patient that day.
In simple words: The doctor could talk to Sonia because she was the last patient.

Exam Tip: Focus on the direct cause-and-effect relationship explained in the passage.

Question 1. What did Sonia love eating?
Answer: Sonia loved consuming chocolates, ice-creams, and other sweet treats.
In simple words: Sonia loved eating chocolates, ice-creams, and other sweet things.

Exam Tip: List all items mentioned when asked about preferences or categories.

Question 2. How many times did Sonia brush her teeth?
Answer: Sonia brushed her teeth only during the morning.
In simple words: Sonia brushed her teeth just once a day, in the morning.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to frequency and specific times mentioned in the text.

Question 1. What is the right way of brushing teeth?
Answer: The proper way to brush teeth involves moving the brush upwards and downwards. This motion helps remove small bits of food stuck between the teeth.
In simple words: To brush properly, move the brush up and down to get rid of food bits between your teeth.

Exam Tip: When describing a process, outline the key actions and their intended results clearly.

Question 2. How should the gum-lines be brushed?
Answer: The gum-lines should be brushed using gentle strokes.
In simple words: Brush along your gums softly.

Exam Tip: Note specific instructions about technique, such as the type of strokes required.

Question 3. How often should you clean your mouth?
Answer: You should clean your mouth after every meal and whenever you eat a chocolate or an ice-cream.
In simple words: Clean your mouth after every meal, and also after eating chocolate or ice-cream.

Exam Tip: Ensure your answer covers all conditions and frequencies mentioned for cleaning.

Question 1. What is the first requirement of dental hygiene?
Answer: Cleaning your mouth is the initial requirement for good dental hygiene.
In simple words: The first step for healthy teeth is cleaning your mouth.

Exam Tip: Identify and state the primary or foundational aspect when a "first requirement" is requested.

Question 2. What do the germs feed on?
Answer: The germs consume the food particles that remain stuck to the tooth surface and in the spaces between teeth.
In simple words: Germs eat tiny food bits stuck on and between your teeth.

Exam Tip: Accurately describe the food source of germs as detailed in the passage.

Question 3. What do the germs do?
Answer: The germs harm the enamel coating of the teeth, which eventually causes cavities.
In simple words: Germs damage the outer layer of teeth (enamel), leading to holes called cavities.

Exam Tip: Explain the destructive action of germs and the resulting problem as stated in the text.

Question 1. What is enamel?
Answer: Enamel is the highest white layer of the teeth. It is the hardest and most powerful part of our body.
In simple words: Enamel is the top white layer on teeth. It's the strongest part of your body.

Exam Tip: When defining a term, provide its primary characteristics and function as explained in the text.

Question 2. What is dentin?
Answer: Dentin is the second layer of the teeth, which appears slightly yellowish.
In simple words: Dentin is the second tooth layer, which looks a bit yellow.

Exam Tip: Describe the location and appearance when defining parts of the body.

Question 3. What is dental pulp?
Answer: Dental pulp is the innermost layer of the teeth.
In simple words: Dental pulp is the very inside layer of your teeth.

Exam Tip: For anatomical parts, correctly identify their position or depth within the structure.

Question 4. Which is the hardest and the strongest part of our body?
Answer: Enamel is the hardest and the strongest part of our body.
In simple words: The enamel on your teeth is the toughest and strongest part of your body.

Exam Tip: Refer back to previous definitions to identify superlative characteristics when asked.

Question 1. Name the two types of teeth.
Answer: The two kinds of teeth are deciduous (also known as milk teeth) and permanent teeth.
In simple words: The two types of teeth are baby teeth (deciduous) and adult teeth (permanent).

Exam Tip: Provide both common and scientific names if available for biological categories.

Question 2. What is molar?
Answer: A molar is a specific type of tooth.
In simple words: A molar is a type of tooth.

Exam Tip: Keep the answer concise and direct when a simple definition is sufficient.

Question 3. What do you know about deciduous teeth?
Answer: Deciduous teeth typically number 20 and gradually fall out one by one after growth.
In simple words: Deciduous teeth are usually 20, and they fall out as you grow.

Exam Tip: Include key numerical facts and the natural process associated with the term.

Question 4. How many permanent teeth do we usually have?
Answer: We normally possess 32 permanent teeth.
In simple words: Most people have 32 permanent teeth.

Exam Tip: State the average or typical number when asked about quantity.

Question 1. How many incisors and canines are there in each jaw?
Answer: In each jaw, there are four incisors and two canines.
In simple words: Each jaw has four incisors and two canines.

Exam Tip: When asked about specific counts for different types, list them clearly.

Question 2. How many premolars and molars are there in each jaw?
Answer: Each jaw contains four premolars and either four or six molars.
In simple words: In each jaw, there are four premolars and four or six molars.

Exam Tip: Be precise with numerical ranges or options if the text provides them.

Question 1. How did Pooja break her teeth?
Answer: Pooja broke her teeth when she slipped off a staircase.
In simple words: Pooja fell from the stairs and broke her teeth.

Exam Tip: Directly state the action or event that caused the problem.

Question 2. Whom should Pooja consult?
Answer: Pooja should seek advice from a dentist.
In simple words: Pooja needs to see a dentist.

Exam Tip: Provide the professional title of the person who should be consulted for a specific problem.

Question 3. What will the dentist suggest to Pooja?
Answer: The dentist will propose the restoration of her teeth using Light-Cured Composite Filling Material.
In simple words: The dentist will suggest fixing her teeth with special filling material.

Exam Tip: Mention the specific treatment or material suggested by the professional.

Question 1. Why does Dhara feel embarrassed?
Answer: Dhara feels embarrassed because her teeth have an uneven growth pattern.
In simple words: Dhara is embarrassed because her teeth are not growing straight.

Exam Tip: Link the feeling directly to the physical characteristic described in the passage.

Question 2. What is the solution to uneven growth of teeth?
Answer: Uneven tooth growth can be corrected with orthodontic treatment, which involves placing braces on the teeth to align them properly.
In simple words: Braces, through orthodontic treatment, can fix uneven teeth by making them straight.

Exam Tip: Explain both the treatment method and how it works to resolve the problem.

Question 3. What is crowding?
Answer: Crowding is the term used for the uneven growth of teeth.
In simple words: Crowding means when teeth grow in an uneven way.

Exam Tip: Provide a clear and concise definition using the words from the text.

Question 1. Which project does Sonia want to take up?
Answer: Sonia wishes to undertake a project focused on dental health.
In simple words: Sonia wants to do a project about dental health.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the subject of the project or activity mentioned.

B. Use the set of words in your own sentences.

Question 1. severe – prescribe
Answer: Nitin had a severe leg pain, so the doctor prescribed some medicines for him.
In simple words: Nitin's leg hurt badly, so the doctor gave him some medicine.

Exam Tip: Construct a sentence that correctly uses both given words in a meaningful context.

Question 2. impossible - destroy
Answer: The king discovered it was impossible to destroy his enemies.
In simple words: The king found it too hard to defeat his enemies.

Exam Tip: Ensure the sentence logically connects the two words, showing their relationship.

Question 3. unbearable - dentist
Answer: Anand suffered an unbearable toothache, prompting him to visit his dentist.
In simple words: Anand's toothache was so bad he had to go to the dentist.

Exam Tip: Create a scenario where both words naturally fit and contribute to the sentence's meaning.

Question 4. competent - valuable
Answer: Mr. Verma is a capable officer, and his suggestions are highly valuable for the entire staff.
In simple words: Mr. Verma is a good officer, and his ideas are very helpful for everyone at work.

Exam Tip: Use the words to describe qualities or attributes that are clearly linked.

Question 5. terrible - subside
Answer: Hemant has a terrible headache, which will only subside if he takes some medicine.
In simple words: Hemant's headache is really bad, and it will only get better if he takes medicine.

Exam Tip: Demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship between the situation and its resolution.

Question 6. reason - consult
Answer: Do you understand the reason why Jatin is consulting a lawyer?
In simple words: Do you know why Jatin is talking to a lawyer?

Exam Tip: Formulate a question or statement that incorporates both terms naturally.

Question 7. requirement - hygiene
Answer: Brushing teeth twice a day is the fundamental requirement for good dental hygiene.
In simple words: Brushing your teeth twice a day is a basic need for clean and healthy teeth.

Exam Tip: Connect the concepts in a way that defines a necessary condition for a specific outcome.

Question 8. possible - restoration
Answer: The restoration of this old fort is only possible if the government provides sufficient funds.
In simple words: This old fort can only be fixed if the government gives enough money.

Exam Tip: Show that one condition (funds) makes the other action (restoration) feasible.

Question 9. eventually – examine
Answer: Eventually, the striking teachers were prepared to examine the students' answer sheets.
In simple words: Finally, the teachers who were on strike agreed to check the students' answer papers.

Exam Tip: Use "eventually" to indicate a delayed outcome and "examine" for a thorough check.

Question 10. exist-wide
Answer: There exists a wide difference between the rich and the poor.
In simple words: There is a big gap between rich people and poor people.

Exam Tip: Use "exist" to denote presence and "wide" to describe the extent of a gap or difference.

Question 11. solution – permanent
Answer: There appears to be no permanent solution to the traffic problems in cities.
In simple words: It seems there's no lasting answer to city traffic problems.

Exam Tip: Combine the words to express the long-term effectiveness of a resolution.

Question 12. embarrassed-slipped off .
Answer: Jay felt embarrassed when he accidentally slipped off his scooter and fell down.
In simple words: Jay was ashamed after he fell off his scooter.

Exam Tip: Create a scenario where slipping causes a feeling of embarrassment.

Question 13. to spare-advice
Answer: Although the principal was occupied, he decided to spare some time to offer advice to the class 10 students.
In simple words: Even though the principal was busy, he took time to give advice to the students.

Exam Tip: Show how someone makes time ("to spare") to give counsel ("advice").

Question 14. regularly-in the long run
Answer: If you exercise regularly, it will certainly benefit you in the long run.
In simple words: Exercising often will help you a lot over time.

Exam Tip: Link consistent action ("regularly") to a sustained positive outcome ("in the long run").

Question 15. suggest-fond of
Answer: Since Neha is fond of music, I suggested she learn to play a musical instrument.
In simple words: Neha loves music, so I told her to learn an instrument.

Exam Tip: Show how a preference ("fond of") leads to a recommendation ("suggest").

C. Write who said to whom the following sentences.

Question 1. We must visit a dentist.
Answer: This particular sentence was spoken by Ashokbhai to Sonia.
In simple words: Ashokbhai said this to Sonia.

Exam Tip: Clearly state both the speaker and the listener for each dialogue fragment.

Question 2. Hello, young lady ! What's the matter with you ?
Answer: This sentence was spoken by Dr. Sharma to Sonia.
In simple words: Dr. Sharma said this to Sonia.

Exam Tip: Identify characters from their dialogues and interactions in the story.

Question 3. I am prescribing some medicines today.
Answer: This statement was made by Dr. Sharma to Ashokbhai.
In simple words: Dr. Sharma said this to Ashokbhai.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between characters who are speaking and who are being addressed.

Question 4. Would you tell me why I got this cavity ?
Answer: This question was asked by Sonia to Dr. Sharma.
In simple words: Sonia asked this to Dr. Sharma.

Exam Tip: When a question is posed, identify the questioner and the intended recipient.

Question 5. I brush my teeth only in the morning.
Answer: This sentence was stated by Sonia to Dr. Sharma.
In simple words: Sonia told this to Dr. Sharma.

Exam Tip: Attribute the response to the correct character in the conversation.

Question 6. You must brush your teeth properly twice a day – Once in the morning and once before you go to bed.
Answer: This sentence was spoken by Dr. Sharma to Sonia.
In simple words: Dr. Sharma said this to Sonia.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to advice or instructions given and who delivers them.

Question 7. What is the right way of brushing the teeth, doctor ?
Answer: This question was asked by Sonia to Dr. Sharma.
In simple words: Sonia asked this to Dr. Sharma.

Exam Tip: Identify direct questions and their speaker in a dialogue.

Question 8. Cleaning of mouth is the first requirement of dental hygiene.
Answer: This sentence was said by Dr. Sharma to Sonia.
In simple words: Dr. Sharma said this to Sonia.

Exam Tip: Recognize when information or facts are being conveyed and by whom.

Question 11. Enamel coating ? What's that?
Answer: This question was asked by Sonia to Dr. Sharma.
In simple words: Sonia asked this to Dr. Sharma.

Exam Tip: Note when a character seeks clarification or a definition from another character.

D. Fill in the blanks choosing the correct words from the brackets.

Question 1. (pain, severe, impossible) Sonia had a severe toothache. She could neither eat anything nor could she go to school. Studying at home was also impossible due to pain.
Answer: Sonia had a severe toothache. She could neither eat anything nor go to school. Studying at home was also impossible due to the pain.
In simple words: Sonia had a really bad toothache. Because of the pain, she couldn't eat, go to school, or study at home.

Exam Tip: When filling blanks in a sentence, ensure the chosen words fit both grammatically and in context with the surrounding text to make the sentence meaningful.

Question 2. (subside, prescribing, treatment) I am prescribing some medicines today. The pain will subside by tomorrow. Then only the further treatment is possible.
Answer: I am prescribing some medicines today. The pain will subside by tomorrow. Then only further treatment is possible.
In simple words: The doctor is giving some medicine. The pain should lessen by tomorrow, and after that, more care can be given.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to verb forms and word meanings to select the most appropriate option that completes the sentence logically.

Question 3. (meals, regularly, clean) Do you brush your teeth regularly twice a day? Do you clean your mouth after meals and after eating chocolates or ice-cream ?
Answer: Do you brush your teeth regularly twice a day? Do you clean your mouth after meals and after eating chocolates or ice-cream?
In simple words: The question asks if someone brushes their teeth consistently twice a day, and if they rinse their mouth after meals and after having sweets.

Exam Tip: For interrogative sentences with blanks, choose words that form a coherent and grammatically correct question.

Question 4. (before, twice, care) You are not taking proper care of your teeth. You must brush your teeth properly twice a day - Once in the morning and once before you go to bed.
Answer: You are not taking proper care of your teeth. You must brush your teeth properly twice a day - Once in the morning and once before you go to bed.
In simple words: You are not looking after your teeth well. You should brush them correctly two times a day – once in the morning and again before sleeping.

Exam Tip: Ensure that the chosen words maintain the instructive or advisory tone of the original statement, especially when giving advice.

Question 5. (surface, eventually, requirement) Cleaning of mouth is the first requirement of dental hygiene. If you don't clean your mouth, tiny bits of food inside stick to the surface of your teeth and in the space between your teeth. Now germs feed on these food-particles that eventually. eat up parts of the teeth too!
Answer: Cleaning of mouth is the first requirement of dental hygiene. If you don't clean your mouth, tiny bits of food inside stick to the surface of your teeth and in the space between your teeth. Now germs feed on these food-particles that eventually eat up parts of the teeth too!
In simple words: Keeping your mouth clean is the most important thing for healthy teeth. If you don't clean your mouth, small food pieces get stuck on your teeth and between them. Then, germs eat these food pieces, and later on, they also start eating away parts of your teeth.

Exam Tip: Ensure all underlined words are correctly identified and replaced from the given options, maintaining the original meaning and context of the sentence.

Question 6. (suggest, consult, examining) Well, she needs to consult a dentist. After examining her teeth, the dentist will suggest restoration of teeth with Light-Cured Composite Filling Material.
Answer: Well, she needs to consult a dentist. After examining her teeth, the dentist will suggest restoration of teeth with Light-Cured Composite Filling Material.
In simple words: She should see a dentist. After the dentist checks her teeth, they will recommend repairing them with a special filling material.

Exam Tip: Choose verbs that accurately describe the professional actions of a dentist in a given situation, such as 'consult,' 'examining,' and 'suggest.'

Question 7. (embarrassed, solution, problem) No one should feel embarrassed about physical deformity. Her problem is called crowding. Now, there is a solution for this problem also.
Answer: No one should feel embarrassed about physical deformity. Her problem is called crowding. Now, there is a solution for this problem also.
In simple words: No one should feel shy about a physical difference. Her specific issue is called crowding, and luckily, there is a way to fix this particular problem now.

Exam Tip: Select words that convey appropriate social advice and correctly identify medical conditions or their remedies, like 'embarrassed,' 'problem,' and 'solution.'

Question 8. (advanced, valuable, dental) Thank you very much for your valuable suggestions. Indeed dental science has advanced a lot.
Answer: Thank you very much for your valuable suggestions. Indeed, dental science has advanced a lot.
In simple words: Thank you for your very helpful advice. It's true that the field of dentistry has really progressed.

Exam Tip: Ensure that the chosen words reinforce the positive and appreciative tone of the sentence, using terms like 'valuable' and 'advanced' appropriately.

Dental Health Summary in Gujarati

સોનિયાને દાંતનો સખત દુખાવો હતો, તે ન તો કશું ખાઈ શકતી હતી, ન તો શાળાએ જઈ શકતી. દુખાવાને કારણે ઘરે અભ્યાસ કરવાનું પણ અશક્ય હતું. તે ઊંઘી શકતી પણ નહોતી. સોનિયાઃ “ઓહ... મા... આ તો અસહ્ય છે.”

“આપણે ડેન્ટિસ્ટ (દાંતના ડૉક્ટર) પાસે જવું જ પડશે.” તેના કાકા અશોકભાઈ બોલ્યા. તે જ સાંજે, તેઓ ડૉ. શર્માના ડેન્ટલ કેઅર ક્લિનિકમાં હતા. ડૉ. બંસી શર્મા એક યુવાન અને હોશિયાર ડૉક્ટર છે. ડૉ. શર્મા: “કેમ છો? શું થયું તને? સોનિયા (મુશ્કેલીથી) ઉ... મા. આહ, ડૉક્ટર. મને દાંતનો સખત દુખાવો છે.”

ડૉ. શર્મા: “લાગે જ છે. મને તપાસવા દે. ખુરશીમાં બેસ. પ્લીઝ.” (સોનિયા ડેન્ટલ ખુરશીમાં બેસે છે. ડૉક્ટર હેડલાઇટ ચાલુ કરે છે.) ડૉક્ટર: “હવે તારું મોં ખોલ અને આહ... બોલ.” સોનિયા : (ધીમેથી તેનું મોં થોડું ખોલે છે.) “આહ ...! માફ કરજો, ડૉક્ટર, હું મારું મોં આનાથી વધારે પહોળું ખોલી શકતી નથી.” ડૉ. શર્મા: “ચાલશે.” (સોનિયાના મોંમાં અરીસો અને પ્રોબ – તપાસવાનું સાધન – ફેરવતાં.) “મને દેખાય છે. એક પ્રિમોલર પર એક કાળો ડાઘ મને દેખાય છે.”

અશોકભાઈઃ (આશ્ચર્યચકિત થઈને) “કેવિટી?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “હા, કેવિટી અને ઘણી મોટી (પણ). આજે હું થોડી દવાઓ લખી આપું છું. આવતી કાલ સુધીમાં દુખાવો ઓછો થઈ જશે. ત્યારબાદ જ આગળનો ઉપચાર શક્ય છે. શું તમે આવતી કાલે આવી શકશો?” અશોકભાઈ : “આવતી કાલે (તો) હું બહારગામ હોઈશ.” ડૉ. શર્મા: “વારુ, સોનિયા એકલી આવી શકે છે. તે બહાદુર છોકરી છે.”

સોનિયાઃ “હા, ડૉક્ટર. મારે (આવવું જ) પડશે.” બીજે દિવસે સોનિયાને સારું લાગ્યું. દુખાવો બહુ નહોતો. આપેલા સમયે તે ફરીથી ડૉક્ટર પાસે ગઈ. ડૉ. શર્મા: “આજે તને કેમ છે?”

સોનિયા : “ઘણું સારું.” (ડૉ. શર્માએ એઅરે રોટર વડે તેની કેવિટી સાફ કરી. ત્યારબાદ તેમણે લાઈટ-ક્યુઅર્ડ કૉમ્પોઝિટ ફિલિંગ મટિરિઅલ નામનો એક સફેદ પદાર્થ તેમાં ભર્યો. તેમાં સિર્જેટિક રેઝિન, ભરવા માટે સિલિકા અને ફોટો એક્ટિવેટર વગેરે હોય છે.)

ડૉ. શર્મા : “બસ થઈ ગયું. એક પણ શબ્દ બોલ્યા વિના તારું મોં ખુલ્લું રાખવા માટે આભાર.” તે દિવસે સોનિયા છેલ્લી દર્દી હોવાથી, ડૉક્ટર તેની સાથે વાત કરવા માટે સમય ફાળવી શક્યા. સોનિયા: “ડૉક્ટર, મને આ કેવિટી શા માટે થઈ તે કહેશો?”

ડૉ. શર્મા : “વારુ, મને એક વાત કહે, શું તને મીઠાઈ ભાવે છે?” સોનિયા: “હા. મને ચૉકલેટ, આઇસક્રીમ અને બીજી મીઠાઈઓ ખૂબ ગમે છે.” ડૉ. શર્મા: “અને મને હજી એક વાત કહે, શું તું નિયમિત રીતે દિવસમાં બે વાર બ્રશ કરે છે? જમ્યા પછી અને ચૉકલેટ અથવા આઈસક્રીમ ખાધા પછી, શું તું તારું મોં સાફ કરે છે? બ્રશ કરે છે?”

સોનિયા: “ના, ડૉક્ટર, હું ફક્ત સવારે જ બ્રશ કરું છું.” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તે જ સમસ્યા છે! તું તારા દાંતની યોગ્ય સંભાળ લેતી નથી. તારે દિવસમાં બે વાર – એક વાર સવારે અને ફરીથી એક વાર રાત્રે સૂતા છે પહેલાં – યોગ્ય રીતે બ્રશ કરવું જોઈએ.” સોનિયા: “બ્રશ કરવાની સાચી રીત શું છે, ડૉક્ટર?”

ડૉ. શર્મા : “મોટા ભાગના લોકો બંને બાજુ બ્રશ ફેરવીને બ્રશ કરતા હોય છે. પણ ખરેખર તો તેને ઉપર અને નીચે ફેરવીને બ્રશ કરવું જોઈએ, જેથી દાંત વચ્ચે ચોંટી ગયેલા ખાદ્ય પદાર્થના ઝીણા ટુકડા નીકળી જાય. પેઢાં પણ હળવા હાથે બ્રશ કરવા જોઈએ. એટલું જ નહીં. પ્રત્યેક ભોજન બાદ અને જ્યારે પણ તે ચૉક્લેટ અથવા આઇસક્રીમ ખાય, ત્યારે તારે તારું મોં સાફ કરવું.”

સોનિયા: “મને કારણ કહેશો ડૉક્ટર?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “દાંતના આરોગ્ય માટે મોંની સફાઈ, તે પહેલી જરૂરિયાત છે. જો તમે તમારું મોં સાફ ન કરો, તો ખાદ્ય પદાર્થના ઝીણા ટુકડાઓ તમારા દાંતની સપાટી પર અને દાંતની વચ્ચેની જગ્યામાં ચોંટી જાય. હવે જંતુઓ આ ખાદ્ય પદાર્થના અંશો ખાશે અને આખરે તમારા દાંતના અમુક ભાગ પણ ખાઈ જશો!

તે (જંતુઓ) તમારા દાંતના ઇનેમલ કોટિંગનો નાશ કરશે અને લાંબે ગાળે તે કેવિટિમાં પરિણમશે.” સોનિયા: “ઇનેમલ કોટિંગ? તે શું છે?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તે માટે તારે દાંતની રચના સમજવી પડશે. આપણા દાંતને ત્રણ પડ હોય છે. સૌથી ઉપરના સફેદ પડને ઈનેમલ કહે છે. તે આપણા શરીરનો સૌથી કઠણ અને મજબૂત ભાગ છે. બીજા પડને ડેન્ટિન કહે છે. તે થોડું પીળું હોય છે. સૌથી અંદરના પડને ડેન્ટલ પલ્પ કહે છે. તારા મોલર (દાંત)માં એક કૅવિટિ હતી, જે હવે અસ્તિત્વમાં નથી.”

સોનિયા: “મોલર? તે શું છે?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તે એક પ્રકારના દાંત છે. આ ચાર્ટ જો. દાંતના બે પ્રકાર હોય છે: ડિસિડ્યુઅસ (ખરી જાય તેવા) દાંત અથવા દૂધિયા દાંત અને પર્મનન્ટ (કાયમી) દાંત. ડિસિડ્યુઅસ દાંતની સંખ્યા સામાન્ય રીતે 20 હોય છે અને ઊગ્યા બાદ તે એક પછી એક ખરી જાય છે. ત્યારપછી નવા પર્મનન્ટ દાંત ઊગે છે. તેની સંખ્યા સામાન્ય રીતે 32 હોય છે.”

સોનિયા: “હા, મારે પણ 32 દાંત છે, પણ તે બધા સરખા નથી.” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તેના (દાંતના) આકાર, કદ અને કાર્ય જુદાં જુદાં હોય છે. દરેક જડબા પર ચાર ઇસાઇઝર, બે કેનાઇન, ચાર પ્રિમોલર અને ચાર અથવા છ મોલર હોય છે.”

સોનિયા: “શું હું તમને મારા મિત્રોના દાંતની સમસ્યાઓ વિશે થોડા પ્રશ્નો પૂછી શકું?” ડૉ. શર્મા : “ઓહ! ચોક્કસ, ડિઅર!”

સોનિયાઃ “મારા વર્ગમાં ભણતી પૂજા દાદરા પરથી પડી ગઈ હતી, અને તેના થોડા દાંત બટકી ગયા છે. તેણે શું કરવું જોઈએ?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તેણે ડેન્ટિસ્ટની સલાહ લેવી જોઈએ. તેના દાંત તપાસ્યા બાદ, ડેન્ટિસ્ટ લાઈટ-ક્યુઅર્ડ કૉમ્પોઝિટ ફિલિંગ મટિઅરિઅલથી દાંત સમા કરવાનું સૂચવશે.”

સોનિયાઃ “સારું. મારે ધારા નામની બીજી બહેનપણી છે. તેના દાંત ઊંચા-નીચા ઊગ્યા છે. તેના દાંત યોગ્ય રીતે ઊગ્યા નથી. કોઈક વાર તેને બહુ સંકોચ થાય છે. તેની માટે કોઈ સલાહ?”

ડૉ. શર્મા: “શારીરિક ખોડને કારણે કોઈએ પણ સંકોચ અથવા શરમ રાખવા ન જોઈએ. તેની સમસ્યાને ક્રાઉડિંગ કહે છે. હવે આ સમસ્યાનો પણ ઉકેલ છે. દર્દીએ ઑર્થડૉન્ટિક ટ્રીટમેન્ટ (ઉપચાર) લેવી જોઈએ. બ્રેસ વડે તેના દાંત એકસરખો થઈ જશે.”

સોનિયાઃ “હું તેને તમને મળવા કહું?” ડૉ. શર્મા: “ના, તેણે ઑર્થડૉન્ટિસ્ટની સલાહ લેવી પડશે.” સોનિયા: “તમારા કીમતી સૂચનો માટે ખૂબ ખૂબ આભાર. ડેન્ટલ વિજ્ઞાને ચોક્કસ ખૂબ પ્રગતિ કરી છે. હું તેને ઑર્થડૉન્ટિસ્ટની સલાહ લેવા કહીશ. હં… અમારે વિજ્ઞાનના એક પ્રજેક્ટ પર કામ કરવાનું છે અને હવે હું ડેન્ટલ હેલ્થ પર એક પ્રોજેક્ટ હાથ ધરવાનું વિચારી રહી છું અને મને લાગે છે કે આ બહુ ઉપયોગી વિષય છે.”

ડૉ. શર્મા: “તારા પ્રજેકટ માટે માર્ગદર્શનની જરૂર હોય, તો તું આવી શકે છે.” સોનિયા: “આભાર!” ડૉ. શર્મા: “તારું સ્વાગત છે.”

Word Meanings

severe (સિવિઅર) ખૂબ, ગંભીર

impossible (ઇમ્પૉસિબલ) અશક્ય

unbearable (અનબેઅરબલ) અસહ્ય

dentist (ડેન્ટિસ્ટ) દાંતનો ડૉક્ટર

competent (કૉમ્પિટન્ટ) હોશિયાર, સામર્થ્યવાળું

terrible (ટેરિબલ) ભયાનક

wide (વાઈડ) પહોળું

probe (પ્રોબ) તપાસવાનું સાધન

spot (સ્પૉટ) ડાઘો

cavity (કૅવિટિ) પોલાણ, ખાડો

startled (સ્ટાર્ટલ્ડ) આશ્ચર્યચકિત

to prescribe (પ્રિસક્રાઇબ) અમુક દવા વાપરવા કહેવું

to subside (સબ્સાઇડ) ઓછું થવું

further (ફર્ધર) આગળનું

treatment (ટ્રીટમેન્ટ) ઉપચાર

possible (પૉસિબલ) શક્ય

substance (સબસ્ટન્સ) વિશિષ્ટ પ્રકારનો પદાર્થ

filler (ફિલર) પોલાણ ભરવાનો પદાર્થ

patient (પેશન્ટ) દર્દી

to spare (સ્પેઅર) ફાજલ પાડવું, ફાળવવું

sweets (સ્વીટ્સ) મીઠાઈ

regularly (રેગ્યુલલિ) નિયમિત રીતે

tiny (ટાઈનિ) ખૂબ નાનું, ઝીણું

bit (બિટ) ટુકડો

stuck (past tense of stick) (સ્ટક) ચોંટી ગયેલું

gum-line (ગમ-લાઈન) પેઢાં

gentle (જેન્ટલ) હળવું

stroke (સ્ટ્રોક) ધીમે રહીને હાથ ફેરવવો

reason (રીઝન) કારણ

requirement (રિક્વાયર્મન્ટ) જરૂરિયાત

dental (ડેન્ટલ) દાંતને લગતું

hygiene (હાઇજીન) આરોગ્ય

surface (સર્ફેસ) સપાટી, બહારનો ભાગ

space (સ્પેસ) જગ્યા

germs (જર્મ્સ) જંતુ

food particles (ફૂડ પાર્ટિકલ્ઝ) ખાદ્ય પદાર્થના નાના ટુકડા

eventually (ઇવેન્ટ્યુઍલિ) આખરે, પરિણામે

to destroy (ડિસ્ટ્રૉઈ) નાશ કરવું

enamel coating (ઈનેમલ કોટિંગ) દાંત પરનું પડ

construction (કન્સ્ટ્રક્શન) રચના

layer (લેઅર) પડ

uppermost (અપરમોસ્ટ) સૌથી ઉપરનું

slightly (સ્લાઇટલિ) બહુ થોડું, જરા

innermost (ઇનરમોસ્ટ) સૌથી અંદરનું

to exist (ઈગ્ઝિસ્ટ) અસ્તિત્વમાં હોવું

permanent (પર્મનન્ટ) કાયમી

to shed (શેડ) ખરી પડવું, ખરી જવું

function (ફંકશન) કાર્ય

jaw (જૉ) જડબું

classmate (ક્લાસમેટ) સહધ્યાયી

fractured (ફ્રેક્ચર્ડ) બટકી ગયેલું

to consult (કન્સલ્ટ) સલાહ લેવી

to examine (ઈગ્ઝૅમિન) તપાસવું

to suggest (સજેસ્ટ) સૂચવવું

restoration (રિસ્ટૉરશન) સમું કરવું, સુધારવું

material (મટિઅરિઅલ) પદાર્થ, દ્રવ્ય

uneven (અનીવન) ઊંચું-નીચું, આઘું-પાછું

embarrassed (ઈમ્બેરસ્ડ) સંકોચ, શરમ

advice (અડ્વાઈસ) સલાહ

physical (ફિઝિકલ) શારીરિક

deformity (ડિફૉર્મિટિ) શારીરિક ખોડ

solution (સલૂશન) ઉકેલ

alignment (અલાઈનમન્ટ) એક લીટી / હારમાં મૂકવું

valuable (વૅલ્યૂઅબલ) કીમતી

to advance (અડ્વાન્સ) પ્રગતિ કરવી

topic (ટૉપિક) વિષય

guidance (ગાઈડન્સ) માર્ગદર્શન

Idioms and Phrases

(1) fond of
Mitali is fond of music.

(2) to feed on
The lions feed on the deer and other animals in the jungle.

(3) in the long run
If you do exercise from a young age, it will help you in the long run.

(4) to lead to
Bad habits like smoking lead to bad health.

(5) to slip off
Nitirl slipped off the scooter and broke his leg.

(6) at times
At times, it is good to let the children take their own decisions.

(7) to take up
Jay has taken up the work of decorating the hall.