GSEB Class 8 Solutions Unit 3 Stop Pollution

Vocabulary

1. Tick in the box the word nearest in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence:

Question 1. The cat Jumped over the glass of milk. The milk was spread all over the floor of the kitchen.
(a) spilt
(b) dumped
(c) wasted
(d) soiled
Answer: (a) spilt
In simple words: The word 'spilt' means milk spread on the floor, which is the closest meaning to the underlined phrase.

Exam Tip: When choosing synonyms, consider the context of the sentence to find the most accurate match for the underlined word or phrase.

Question 2. When there Is a lot of pressure inside a cooker. its whistle goes up and the vapour comes out
(a) lies away
(b) breaks out
(c) releases
(d) evaporates
Answer: (c) releases
In simple words: When the cooker's whistle goes up, it lets out the vapour, which means it 'releases' it.

Exam Tip: Pay attention to verbs that describe an action of letting something out, as 'releases' is a common synonym for such actions.

Question 3. We feel that it is almost impossible to stop people from breaking traffic rules
(a) thoughtless
(b) dangerous
(c) expensive
(d) hard
Answer: (d) hard
In simple words: The word 'impossible' suggests something is very 'hard' to do, making it the best fit.

Exam Tip: Always look for antonyms or words that describe the degree of difficulty to quickly find the correct meaning in context.

Question 4. We should not throw away plastic bags. We should find out ways to use them in different forms to make different things from them.
(a) recycle
(b) return
(c) refine
(d) reform
Answer: (a) recycle
In simple words: 'To use them in different forms to make different things' is what 'recycle' means.

Exam Tip: Understand keywords like "use in different forms" or "make different things from them" as strong indicators for the term 'recycle'.

2. Make one sentence using these words:
Chalk-stick absorb, hired an auto, jumped thoughtlessly

Question. Make one sentence using these words: Chalk-stick absorb, hired an auto, jumped thoughtlessly
Answer:
(1) The chalk-stick can absorb ink.
(2) I hired an auto to go to the market.
(3) Manu jumped thoughtlessly from the tree.
In simple words: Create a meaningful sentence for each phrase given, ensuring the words are used correctly.

Exam Tip: When forming sentences, focus on grammar and clarity to ensure each word is used in its proper context.

Comprehension

1. Answer in one word:

Question 1. What do chullahs release?
Answer: Smoke
In simple words: Chullahs give out smoke when they are used.

Exam Tip: For "one-word" answers, identify the core noun or verb that directly responds to the question.

Question 2. What makes the air dirty?
Answer: smoke / gases
In simple words: Smoke and gases are what make our air unclean.

Exam Tip: Mention all relevant factors if more than one contributes to the effect described in the question.

Question 3. What is the solution to throw away the things?
Answer: Recycling
In simple words: To get rid of things properly, we should recycle them.

Exam Tip: Solutions for waste management often revolve around common practices like recycling.

Question 4. Which is the cleaner form of energy?
Answer: Solar energy / Wind Power
In simple words: Energy from the sun or wind is a cleaner way to get power.

Exam Tip: When asked for cleaner energy forms, think of renewable sources that do not pollute.

Question 5. What do the hired men do at the polluted seashore after the oil-spill?
Answer: Clean up
In simple words: The men who are paid help to clean the dirty seashore after oil spills.

Exam Tip: Actions taken after pollution incidents typically involve cleaning or restoring the environment.

Fill in the details from the lesson:

Question. Fill in the details from the lesson:
Answer:

Exam Tip: When filling out tables, ensure each piece of information accurately corresponds to its respective category (Type, Source, Pollutant, Remedy) as per the lesson.

Let's Learn More

Read the following paragraphs from the lesson.

Land pollution, water pollution, and even noise pollution are also significant difficulties. Factories and regular people carelessly throw away rubbish and waste onto land or into water. Farm pesticides kill insects and also create land pollution.

And noise pollution is produced by loud machines and horn sounds. Ocean life is not protected from pollution. Sometimes, people are employed to clean polluted seashores after an oil spill. Occasionally, ships carrying petroleum have mishaps, and their oil spills into the ocean.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What are the big problems?
Answer: Land pollution, water pollution and noise pollution are the significant problems.
In simple words: The main issues mentioned are dirt on land, dirty water, and too much noise.

Exam Tip: Identify the key types of pollution highlighted as major concerns in the passage.

Question 2. What creates land pollution?
Answer: Farm pesticides create land pollution.
In simple words: Chemicals used in farming cause land to become dirty.

Exam Tip: Look for specific agents or activities directly stated as causes of land pollution in the text.

Question 3. What do factories and ordinary people do?
Answer: Factories and ordinary people thoughtlessly dump rubbish and waste on land or in water.
In simple words: Factories and regular individuals carelessly throw out trash and waste onto land or into water.

Exam Tip: Focus on the actions attributed to factories and people that lead to pollution.

Question 4. What creates noise pollution?
Answer: Loud machines and sounds of horns create noise pollution.
In simple words: Noisy machines and car horns are the things that cause noise pollution.

Exam Tip: Pinpoint the specific sources mentioned that generate excessive noise.

Question 5. What happens when ships carrying petroleum have accidents?
Answer: When ships carrying petroleum have accidents, their oil spills into the ocean.
In simple words: If ships with oil crash, the oil leaks out into the sea.

Exam Tip: Describe the direct environmental consequence of an oil-carrying ship's accident.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... kill insects.
A. Rubbish
B. Waste
C. Farm pesticides
D. Oil spills
Answer: (C) Farm pesticides
In simple words: Chemicals used on farms are meant to kill insects.

Exam Tip: Connect the action (killing insects) directly to the specific substance designed for that purpose.

Question 2. .......... creates land pollution.
A. Oil spills
B. Loud machines
C. Horns
D. Farm pesticides
Answer: (D) Farm pesticides
In simple words: Farm chemicals cause the land to become dirty.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between pollutants for land, water, and air to select the correct option.

Question 3. .......... create pollution in oceans.
A. Farm pesticides
B. Oil spills
C. Horns
D. Loud machines
Answer: (B) Oil spills
In simple words: When oil leaks into the sea, it pollutes the oceans.

Exam Tip: Remember that oil spills are a major cause of ocean pollution, as mentioned in the text.

Question 4. Loud machines and horns create ..........
A. land pollution
B. water pollution
C. air pollution
D. noise pollution
Answer: (D) noise pollution
In simple words: Noisy machines and horns are responsible for creating sound pollution.

Exam Tip: Associate sounds, especially loud ones, directly with noise pollution.

Question 5. Oil spills create ..........
A. land pollution
B. water pollution
C. air pollution
D. noise pollution
Answer: (B) water pollution
In simple words: When oil leaks, it dirties the water.

Exam Tip: Oil spills primarily affect water bodies, leading to water pollution.

Dirty air, land, and water are hazardous. Dirty air or smog (smoke mixed with fog) is difficult to breathe and makes people and animals unwell. Dirty water makes people and animals unwell when they drink it or wash with it or live in it. It also kills plants. If land takes in too much waste, nothing will grow on it, and it becomes unsuitable to live on.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What is dangerous?
Answer: Dirty air, land and water are dangerous.
In simple words: Unclean air, land, and water are things that can cause harm.

Exam Tip: List all the elements identified as unsafe in the introductory sentence.

Question 2. What makes people and animals sick? Why?
Answer: Dirty air or smog makes people and animals sick because it is hard to breathe. Dirty water makes people and animals sick when they drink it or wash with it or live in it. It also kills plants.
In simple words: Dirty air or smog causes sickness in people and animals because it's tough to breathe. Unclean water also makes them ill if they drink, wash, or live in it. It can also destroy plants.

Exam Tip: Explain both the cause (dirty air/water) and the reason for sickness (difficulty breathing, consumption, contact) as described in the text.

Question 3. What kills plants?
Answer: Dirty water kills plants.
In simple words: Unclean water is harmful and can cause plants to die.

Exam Tip: Directly extract the cause of plant death as stated in the passage.

Question 4. If land absorbs too much waste
Answer: If land absorbs too much waste, nothing will grow on it and it becomes unfit to live on.
In simple words: If land takes in too much trash, no plants will grow, and it will be bad for living things.

Exam Tip: Clearly state the two main consequences for land when it is oversaturated with waste.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... is hard to breathe.
A. Dirty air
B. Compressed air
C. Clean air
D. Decompressed air
Answer: (A) Dirty air
In simple words: When the air is polluted, it becomes difficult to breathe.

Exam Tip: Relate the difficulty in breathing directly to the condition of the air mentioned in the passage.

Question 2. Dirty water..........
A. kills plants
B. saves plants
C. grows plants
D. protects plants
Answer: (A) kills plants
In simple words: Unclean water has a harmful effect, causing plants to die.

Exam Tip: Remember the negative impact dirty water has on plant life as stated in the text.

(3) Controlling pollution is not easy. Most people find it difficult to change their way of living. Even governments and big companies find it hard to introduce changes because they are often unpopular or expensive. However, small changes can also help. Reusing things instead of throwing them away helps. Using less water or recycling water is helpful. In the future, people will learn to use cleaner forms of energy like wind power and solar energy.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What is not easy?
Answer: Controlling pollution is not easy.
In simple words: It is hard to keep pollution under control.

Exam Tip: Directly identify the activity stated as difficult in the passage's opening sentence.

Question 2. Most people find it difficult to
Answer: Most people find it difficult to change their way of living.
In simple words: Many people struggle to change how they live their lives.

Exam Tip: Focus on the specific challenge mentioned that individuals face regarding their habits.

Question 3. Why do governments find it hard to introduce changes?
Answer: Governments find it difficult to introduce changes because they are unpopular or expensive.
In simple words: It's hard for governments to make new rules because people might not like them or they might cost too much money.

Exam Tip: Note the two main reasons (unpopularity and cost) that hinder governments from implementing environmental changes.

Question 4. Name the cleaner forms of energy.
Answer: Wind power and solar energy are the cleaner forms of energy.
In simple words: Energy from wind and sunlight are examples of cleaner power sources.

Exam Tip: List the specific types of clean energy mentioned in the last sentence of the passage.

Question 5. What should you do instead of throwing away things?
Answer: Instead of throwing away things, we should reuse them.
In simple words: Instead of discarding items, we should find ways to use them again.

Exam Tip: The passage directly suggests reusing as an alternative to throwing things away.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... is not easy.
A. Creating pollution
B. Controlling pollution
C. Preventing pollution
D. Removing pollution
Answer: (B) Controlling pollution
In simple words: Managing and limiting pollution is a challenging task.

Exam Tip: The text explicitly states that "Controlling pollution is not easy," making this the direct answer.

Question 2. People find it difficult to change their ..........
A. habits
B. houses
C. friends
D. way of living
Answer: (D) way of living
In simple words: Most people struggle to alter their lifestyle or daily routines.

Exam Tip: The phrase "way of living" encompasses personal routines and choices that people find hard to modify.

Question 3. Changes are ..........
A. unpopular or cheap
B. unpopular or expensive
C. popular or cheap
D. popular or expensive
Answer: (B) unpopular or expensive
In simple words: Changes can be disliked by people or cost a lot of money.

Exam Tip: Remember the two key reasons mentioned in the text for why changes are difficult to implement.

Question 4. .......... things always helps.
A. Reusing
B. Removing
C. Throwing
D. Storing
Answer: (A) Reusing
In simple words: Using things again instead of throwing them away is always helpful.

Exam Tip: The passage highlights "reusing things instead of throwing them away" as a beneficial action.

Question 5. .......... of water is helpful.
A. Reusing
B. Storing
C. Recycling
D. Wasting
Answer: (C) Recycling
In simple words: Using water again and again (recycling) is beneficial.

Exam Tip: The text mentions "recycling (reusing again and again) of water is helpful," making recycling the correct answer.

Fun Activity

Draw the correct shapes to complete the patterns.

Word Meanings:

smoke (સ્મોક) ધુમાડો
factory (ફૅક્ટક્ટર) કારખાનું
chimney (ચિમૂનિ) ચિમની, ધૂમાળિયું
dirty (ડર્ટિ) ગંદું
air (એઅર) હવા
pollution (પલૂશન) પ્રદૂષણ
to release (ટૂ રિલીઝ) છોડવું
gas (ગૅસ) વાયુ
particle (પાર્ટિકલ) રજકણ
to pollute (પલૂટ) પ્રદૂષિત કરવું
fire (ફાયર) અગ્નિ, તાપણું
noise (નૉઈઝ) ઘોંઘાટ
problem (પ્રૉબ્લમ) સમસ્યા
ordinary (ઑર્ડિનરિ) સામાન્ય
thoughtlessly (થૉટલિસસલ) અવિચારીપણે
to dump (ટૂ ડમ્પ) ફેંકવું, નાખવું
rubbish (રબિશ) કચરો
waste (વેસ્ટ) બગાડ
farm pesticide (ફાર્મ પેસ્ટીસાઈડ) ખેતીની જંતુનાશક દવાઓ
insects (ઈનસેક્ટસ) જંતુ
to create (ટૂ ક્રિએટ) ઉત્પન્ન કરવું
ocean (ઓશન) મહાસાગર
life (લાઈફ) જીવન, જિંદગી
safe (સેફ) સુરક્ષિત
to hire (ટૂ હાયર) પૈસા આપી રોકવું
to clean (ટૂ ક્લીન) સ્વચ્છ-સાફ કરવું
seashore (સીશોર) સમુદ્રકિનારો
oil (ઑઈલ) તેલ
accident (ઍક્સિડન્ટ) અકસ્માત
to spill (ટૂ સ્પિલ) ઢોળાવું
dangerous (ડેન્જરસ) ભયંકર
smog (સ્મૉગ) ધુમાડાવાળું ધુમ્મસ
to breathe (ટૂ બ્રીધ) શ્વાસ લેવો
plant (પ્લૅન્ટ) છોડ
to absorb (ટૂ અબ્સૉર્બ) શોષી લેવું
unfit (અનુફિટ) ગેરલાયક, અસ્વસ્થ
to live (ટૂ લિવ) રહેવું
to control (ટૂ કંટ્રોલ) નિયંત્રણ કરવું, રોકવું
easy (ઈઝી) સહેલું
difficult (ડિફિકલ્ટ) મુશ્કેલ, અઘરું
to change (ટૂ ચેન્જ) બદલવું
government (ગવર્નમન્ટ) સરકાર
company (કમ્પનિ) કંપની
hard (હાર્ડ) અઘરું, મુશ્કેલ
to introduce (ટૂ ઈન્ટ્રડ્યૂસ) રજૂ કરવું
often (ઑફન) વારંવાર
unpopular (અનપૉપ્યૂલર) અપ્રિય
expensive (ઈક્સપેન્સિવ) ખર્ચાળ, મોંઘું
to reuse (ટૂ રિયૂઝ) ફરીથી વાપરવું
to recycle (ટૂ રિસાઇકલ) સાફ કરી ફરીથી ઉપયોગમાં લેવું
helpful (હેલ્પફુલ) ઉપયોગી
future (ફ્યૂચર) ભવિષ્ય
form (ફૉર્મ) સ્વરૂપ
energy (એનર્જિ) ઊર્જા
wind power (વિન્ડ પાવર) પવનથી પેદા થતી ઊર્જા
solar energy (સોલર એનર્જિ) સૌર-ઊર્જા

Vocabulary

Question 1. The cat Jumped over the glass of milk. The milk was spread ail over the floor of the kitchen.
(a) spilt
(b) dumped
(c) wasted
(d) soiled
Answer: (a) spilt
In simple words: The question asks to pick the word that best describes milk falling onto the floor. "Spilt" means to accidentally let a liquid fall out of its container.

Exam Tip: For vocabulary questions, read the sentence carefully to understand the context and choose the synonym that best fits the usage.

Question 2. When there Is a lot of pressure inside a cooker, its whistle goes up and the vapour comes out.
(a) lies away
(b) breaks out
(c) releases
(d) evaporates
Answer: (c) releases
In simple words: When the pressure gets high inside a cooker, its whistle moves up, and steam comes out. The best word to describe something coming out is "releases".

Exam Tip: Pay attention to the action described in the sentence when choosing the best verb for vocabulary questions.

Question 3. We feel that it is almost impossible to stop people from breaking traffic rules.
(a) thoughtless
(b) dangerous
(c) expensive
(d) hard
Answer: (d) hard
In simple words: It is very difficult to prevent people from not following traffic laws. The word "hard" means something is difficult to do.

Exam Tip: Look for the core meaning of the phrase "almost impossible" to find the most fitting single-word synonym.

Question 4. We should not throw away plastic bags. We should find out ways to use them in different forms to make different things from them.
(a) recycle
(b) return
(c) refine
(d) reform
Answer: (a) recycle
In simple words: We should avoid throwing plastic bags away. Instead, we need to discover methods to use them again in different ways to make new items. This process is called "recycle".

Exam Tip: Understand the concept of "reusing in different forms" to correctly identify "recycle" as the appropriate action.

The chalk-stick can absorb ink.

I hired an auto to go to the market.

Manu jumped thoughtlessly from the tree.

Comprehension

Question 1. Answer in one word:
(1) What do chullahs release?
(2) What makes the air dirty ?
(3) What is the solution to throw away the things ?
(4) Which is the cleaner form of energy ?
(5) What do the hired men do at the polluted seashore after the oil-spill ?
Answer:
(1) Smoke
(2) smoke / gases
(3) Recycling
(4) Solar energy / Wind Power
(5) Clean up
In simple words: This section asks for short answers about pollution. Chullahs give off smoke, making the air dirty. Recycling helps with waste, solar and wind power are clean energy sources, and men are are employed to clean oil spills.

Exam Tip: For "answer in one word" questions, be direct and concise, providing only the essential term or phrase.

Question. Fill in the details from the lesson:

Exam Tip: Organize information clearly in tables to show relationships between categories, ensuring all relevant details are included for each type of pollution.

Let's Learn More

Read the following paragraphs from the lesson.

Land pollution, water pollution and even noise pollution are also big problems. Factories and ordinary people thoughtlessly dump rubbish and waste on land or in water. Farm pesticides kill insects and create land pollution.

And noise pollution is created by loud machines and sounds of horns. Ocean life isn't safe from pollution. Sometimes people are hired to clean up polluted seashore after an oil spill. Sometimes, ships carrying petroleum have accidents and their oil spills into the ocean.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What are the big problems ?
Answer: Land pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution are the major issues. These forms of pollution create significant challenges for the environment and living beings.
In simple words: The big problems are pollution of the land, water, and noise.

Exam Tip: When identifying major problems, list all the key elements mentioned in the text clearly and concisely.

Question 2. What creates land pollution ?
Answer: Farm pesticides cause land pollution. These chemicals are used in agriculture but harm the soil and the environment. Also, waste and rubbish dumped by factories and people contribute to it.
In simple words: Farm pesticides make the land polluted.

Exam Tip: Focus on direct causes mentioned in the text for specific types of pollution. Farm pesticides are a primary cause for land pollution.

Question 3. What do factories and ordinary people do?
Answer: Factories and regular people carelessly discard trash and waste on land or in water. This thoughtless disposal leads to various forms of pollution, impacting ecosystems. They also release harmful substances.
In simple words: Factories and people dump rubbish and waste into land or water without thinking.

Exam Tip: When asked about actions, describe both the action and its direct object, especially if the action is described as "thoughtlessly."

Question 4. What creates noise pollution ?
Answer: Loud machines and the noises of horns generate noise pollution. These sounds, particularly in urban areas, can be very disruptive and harmful. It contributes to a stressful environment.
In simple words: Noisy machines and horn sounds cause noise pollution.

Exam Tip: Identify specific sources mentioned in the text when asked about what creates a particular type of pollution.

Question 5. What happens when ships carrying petroleum have accidents ?
Answer: When vessels transporting petroleum experience mishaps, their oil leaks into the ocean. These oil spills have severe environmental impacts, harming marine life and ecosystems. It damages ocean life.
In simple words: If ships with oil crash, their oil goes into the ocean.

Exam Tip: Detail the consequence directly linked to the event described in the question, such as oil spilling into the ocean after a ship accident.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... kill insects.
(a) Rubbish
(b) Waste
(c) Farm pesticides
(d) Oil spills
Answer: (c) Farm pesticides
In simple words: Farm pesticides are chemicals used in farming that are designed to kill insects, which can also cause land pollution.

Exam Tip: Understand the purpose of various substances mentioned in the context of pollution to correctly identify what kills insects.

Question 2. .......... creates land pollution.
(a) Oil spills
(b) Loud machines
(c) Horns
(d) Farm pesticides
Answer: (d) Farm pesticides
In simple words: Farm pesticides are chemicals used in agriculture that contribute to land pollution by contaminating the soil.

Exam Tip: Distinguish between different types of pollution and their specific causes to correctly match the cause with land pollution.

Question 3. .......... create pollution in oceans.
(a) Farm pesticides
(b) Oil spills
(c) Horns
(d) Loud machines
Answer: (b) Oil spills
In simple words: When oil spills into the sea from ships or other sources, it causes severe pollution in the oceans, harming marine life.

Exam Tip: Connect the pollutant directly to the environment it affects; oil spills are a clear cause of ocean pollution.

Question 4. Loud machines and horns create ..........
(a) land pollution
(b) water pollution
(c) air pollution
(d) noise pollution
Answer: (d) noise pollution
In simple words: The loud sounds from machines and vehicle horns produce noise pollution, which is harmful to people and animals.

Exam Tip: Associate loud sounds directly with noise pollution, as sound is the defining characteristic of this type of environmental harm.

Question 5. Oil spills create ..........
(a) land pollution
(b) water pollution
(c) air pollution
(d) noise pollution
Answer: (b) water pollution
In simple words: When oil spills occur, they contaminate large areas of water, leading to severe water pollution that harms aquatic ecosystems.

Exam Tip: Remember that oil spills primarily affect water bodies, making water pollution the direct outcome.

Dirty air, land, and water are dangerous. Dirty air or smog is hard to breathe and makes people and animals sick. Dirty water makes people and animals sick when they drink it or wash with it or live in it. It also kills plants. If land absorbs too much waste, nothing will grow on it, and it becomes unfit to live on.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What is dangerous ?
Answer: Contaminated air, land, and water are dangerous. These polluted elements pose serious threats to the health and well-being of all living organisms. They can cause harm to people, animals, and plants.
In simple words: Dirty air, land, and water are harmful.

Exam Tip: For direct questions, list all the dangerous elements clearly as stated in the passage.

Question 2. What makes people and animals sick ? Why ?
Answer: Dirty air or smog causes people and animals to become unwell because it is difficult to breathe. When the air is polluted, the harmful particles affect respiratory systems. Also, dirty water makes them sick if they drink or wash in it.
In simple words: Dirty air or smog makes people and animals sick because breathing it is hard.

Exam Tip: When a "Why" question is asked, ensure your answer includes the reason or explanation provided in the source text.

Question 3. What kills plants ?
Answer: Contaminated water destroys plants. When plants absorb polluted water, the harmful substances prevent their growth and often lead to their death. It stops them from thriving.
In simple words: Dirty water kills plants.

Exam Tip: Provide a direct and concise answer to simple "what" questions, focusing on the specific cause mentioned.

Question 4. If land absorbs too much waste
Answer: If land takes in too much waste, nothing will grow on it, and it becomes unsuitable for living. Excessive waste contaminates the soil, making it infertile and unusable for agriculture or habitation. It renders the land barren.
In simple words: If land gets too much trash, nothing will grow, and it won't be good to live on.

Exam Tip: Detail the dual consequences – lack of growth and unsuitability for living – when addressing questions about excessive waste absorption by land.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... is hard to breathe.
(a) Dirty air
(b) Compressed air
(c) Clean air
(d) Decompressed air
Answer: (a) Dirty air
In simple words: Breathing becomes difficult when the air is dirty or polluted because it contains harmful particles and gases.

Exam Tip: Directly link the difficulty in breathing to the condition of the air to choose the correct option.

Question 2. Dirty water..........
(a) kills plants
(b) saves plants
(c) grows plants
(d) protects plants
Answer: (a) kills plants
In simple words: When plants are exposed to dirty water, the toxins and impurities in it can cause them to die instead of helping them grow.

Exam Tip: Understand the harmful effects of pollution on living organisms; dirty water is detrimental to plant life.

Controlling pollution is not easy. Most people find it difficult to change their way of living. Even governments and big companies find it hard to introduce changes because they are often unpopular or expensive. However, small changes can also help. Reusing things instead of throwing them away helps. Using less water or recycling of water is helpful. In future people will learn to use cleaner forms of energy like wind power and solar energy.

Answer the following questions.

Question 1. What is not easy?
Answer: Managing pollution is not simple. It requires significant effort and changes from both individuals and organizations to effectively reduce its impact. Stopping pollution is a big challenge.
In simple words: Stopping pollution is not easy.

Exam Tip: Provide the direct answer found in the first sentence of the relevant passage.

Question 2. Most people find it difficult to
Answer: Most individuals struggle to alter their lifestyle habits. Changing established routines and practices, even for environmental benefits, can be challenging and often met with resistance. It is not always simple.
In simple words: Most people find it hard to change how they live.

Exam Tip: When a question prompts for what people find difficult, complete the sentence with the action described in the text.

Question 3. Why do governments find it hard to introduce changes ?
Answer: Governments encounter difficulty implementing changes because these changes are frequently unpopular or costly. Public resistance and high expenses can hinder efforts to introduce new policies and regulations. It is often a big challenge.
In simple words: Governments find it hard to make changes because they are often disliked or too costly.

Exam Tip: Always provide the reason or justification given in the text for "why" questions, especially when discussing policy or public reaction.

Question 4. Name the cleaner forms of energy.
Answer: Wind power and solar energy represent the cleaner forms of energy. These renewable sources produce electricity with minimal environmental impact, unlike fossil fuels. They are better for the planet.
In simple words: Wind power and solar energy are cleaner ways to get energy.

Exam Tip: List the specific examples of cleaner energy forms mentioned in the passage to fully answer the question.

Question 5. What should you do instead of throwing away things ?
Answer: Instead of discarding items, we should reuse them. Reusing reduces waste and conserves resources, offering an eco-friendly alternative to simply throwing things away. It saves natural materials.
In simple words: Instead of throwing things away, we should use them again.

Exam Tip: Focus on the alternative action suggested in the text for waste management, which is reusing items.

Answer the questions selecting the correct options.

Question 1. .......... is not easy.
(a) Creating pollution
(b) Controlling pollution
(c) Preventing pollution
(d) Removing pollution
Answer: (b) Controlling pollution
In simple words: Managing and reducing pollution is a complex task and not an easy process, requiring much effort.

Exam Tip: Identify the direct phrase from the passage that describes what is not easy, which in this context is controlling pollution.

Question 2. People find it difficult to change their
(a) habits
(b) houses
(c) friends
(d) way of living
Answer: (d) way of living
In simple words: Most people find it challenging to alter their established routines and general manner of daily existence.

Exam Tip: Look for the specific phrase in the text that completes the sentence about what people find difficult to change.

Question 3. Changes are ..........
(a) unpopular or cheap
(b) unpopular or expensive
(c) popular or cheap
(d) popular or expensive
Answer: (b) unpopular or expensive
In simple words: New changes, especially those related to pollution control, are often not liked by people or cost a lot of money.

Exam Tip: Recall the reasons given in the passage for why governments find it hard to introduce changes, which directly correspond to the nature of those changes.

Question 4. .......... things always helps.
(a) Reusing
(b) Removing
(c) Throwing
(d) Storing
Answer: (a) Reusing
In simple words: Using items again instead of throwing them away is always a helpful practice for reducing waste and promoting sustainability.

Exam Tip: The passage highlights 'reusing' as a small change that helps with pollution control, making it the correct option.

Question 5. .......... of water is helpful.
(a) Reusing
(b) Storing
(c) Recycling
(d) Wasting
Answer: (c) Recycling
In simple words: Using water again after it has been cleaned or processed, known as recycling, is very beneficial for saving this important resource.

Exam Tip: Recall the methods mentioned for water conservation; recycling water is explicitly stated as helpful.

Fun Activity

Draw the correct shapes to complete the patterns.

Word Meanings:

smoke

factory

chimney

dirty

air

pollution

to release

gas

particle

to pollute

fire

noise

problem

ordinary

thoughtlessly

to dump

rubbish

waste

farm pesticide

insects

to create

ocean

life

safe

to hire

to clean

seashore

oil

accident

to spill

dangerous

smog

to breathe

plant

to absorb

unfit

to live

to control

easy

difficult

to change

government

company

hard

to introduce

often

unpopular

expensive

to reuse

to recycle

helpful

future

form

energy

wind power

solar energy