GSEB Class 6 Social Science Solutions Chapter 10 પૃથ્વીનાં આવરણો

Question 1. આપોઃ પૃથ્વી પરનાં મુખ્ય આવરણો કેટલાં અને કયાં છે?
Answer: Earth possesses four main layers, which are listed as follows:
1. The lithosphere (solid sphere),
2. The hydrosphere,
3. The atmosphere, and
4. The biosphere.
In simple words: The Earth has four big parts: the solid ground, the water, the air, and where living things exist.

Exam Tip: Remember the four main layers of the Earth: Lithosphere, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, and Biosphere, and be able to define each simply.

Question 2. મૃદાવરણ (ઘનાવરણ) એટલે શું?
Answer: 'Soil' means earth or dirt. The Earth's crust is usually made of soil and solid materials. Therefore, the land areas on the Earth's surface are called the 'Lithosphere' (or solid sphere).
In simple words: Lithosphere means the solid, outer part of the Earth, made up of land and rocks.

Exam Tip: When defining a term, always start with its basic meaning and then explain its composition or key characteristics.

Question 3. જલાવરણ શેનું બનેલું છે?
Answer: The 'Hydrosphere' refers to the area surrounded by water on the Earth's surface. This includes oceans, seas, gulfs, lakes, ponds, rivers, and other water bodies.
In simple words: The hydrosphere is all the water on Earth, like oceans, rivers, and lakes.

Exam Tip: For descriptive questions, list all relevant components or examples to get full marks.

Question 4. વાતાવરણના મુખ્ય વાયુઓ કયા છે?
Answer: The main gases in the atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, ozone, carbon dioxide, and others.
In simple words: The atmosphere mainly has nitrogen, oxygen, ozone, and carbon dioxide gases.

Exam Tip: Always list the most important or primary elements first when asked about main components.

Question 5. જીવસૃષ્ટિમાં કોનો સમાવેશ થાય છે?
Answer: The biosphere includes humans, plants, and animals.
In simple words: Living things like people, plants, and animals are all part of the biosphere.

Exam Tip: Understand that the biosphere encompasses all forms of life and their interactions within Earth's systems.

2. યોગ્ય શબ્દો કે અંકો વડે ખાલી જગ્યાઓ પૂરો:
Answer:
1. મેદાનો વગેરે મૃદાવરણમાં આવેલાં છે. (Plains etc. are found in the Lithosphere.)
2. પૃથ્વી સપાટીથી આશરે 800 થી 1000 કિમી સુધી વાતાવરણ વિસ્તરેલું છે. (Atmosphere extends up to approximately 800 to 1000 km from Earth's surface.)
3. વાતાવરણમાં નાઇટ્રોજન વાયુનું પ્રમાણ સૌથી વધુ હોય છે. (The amount of Nitrogen gas is highest in the atmosphere.)
In simple words: Complete sentences by adding the correct words or numbers in the blank spaces.

Exam Tip: Pay close attention to keywords and numerical facts when filling in the blanks to ensure accuracy.

3. નીચેના વિધાનો ખરાં છે કે ખોટાં તે જણાવો:
Question 1. વાતાવરણમાં ઑક્સિજન 150 કિમીની ઊંચાઈ સુધી હોય છે.
Answer: ખોટું
In simple words: The statement that oxygen is found up to 150 km in the atmosphere is false.

Exam Tip: Always verify facts about atmospheric composition and height distribution carefully.

Question 2. મહાસાગરો આપણા જળમાગ બન્યા છે.
Answer: ખરું
In simple words: It is true that oceans serve as important waterways for us.

Exam Tip: Recognize the practical significance and uses of Earth's natural features like oceans.

Question 3. જીવાવરણમાં અનેક પ્રકારની જીવસૃષ્ટિનો સમાવેશ થાય છે.
Answer: ખરું
In simple words: It is true that the biosphere contains many different kinds of living things.

Exam Tip: Understand that the biosphere is characterized by its rich diversity of life forms.

Question 4. પૃથ્વી સપાટી પર પાણી અને હવાને કારણે સજીવસૃષ્ટિ વિકાસ પામે છે.
Answer: ખરું
In simple words: It is true that life grows on Earth because of the presence of water and air.

Exam Tip: Recall the fundamental requirements for the existence and development of life on Earth.

Question 5. ઓઝોન વાયુ સૂર્યનાં પારજાંબલી કિરણોથી પૃથ્વી પરના સજીવોને બચાવે છે.
Answer: ખરું
In simple words: It is true that ozone gas shields living things on Earth from the sun's harmful ultraviolet rays.

Exam Tip: Remember the critical role of the ozone layer in protecting life from UV radiation.

4. ટૂંક નોંધ લખોઃ
Question 1. વાતાવરણ
Answer: The atmosphere is a layer of various gases surrounding the Earth, extending approximately 800 to 1000 kilometers in height. The atmosphere is clear, colorless, odorless, and tasteless. It contains gaseous elements, liquid elements, and solid elements.
The atmosphere contains nitrogen, oxygen, ozone, carbon dioxide, and water vapor. Besides these gases, the atmosphere also includes dust particles, salt particles, microorganisms, meteoroids, and other components. The atmosphere near the Earth's surface is dense, while it becomes thinner as the height from the Earth's surface increases.
Carbon dioxide gas is heavy, so it is found in higher amounts in the lower layers of the air. Its quantity decreases as we go higher. Carbon dioxide is barely present after about 20 km, oxygen after about 110 km, and nitrogen after about 130 km. At very high altitudes, only light gases like hydrogen and helium are found.
The amount of ozone gas in the atmosphere is very small. Dust and salt particles are solid components of the atmosphere. They are found in the lower layers of the atmosphere.
In simple words: The atmosphere is the layer of gases around the Earth. It's invisible and made of gases like nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. It gets thinner as you go higher.

Exam Tip: When writing a short note, ensure you cover all key aspects like definition, composition, and important characteristics or functions.

Question 2. જલાવરણનું મહત્ત્વ અથવા જલાવરણની ઉપયોગિતા જણાવો.
Answer: The importance of the hydrosphere is as follows:
1. The hydrosphere supplies us with fresh drinking water.
2. Most of the moisture for rain comes from the oceans.
3. Chemicals are obtained from seawater. Manganese, iron, tin, and mineral oil are found beneath the ocean floor.
4. Oceans are major stores of protein-rich food for humans. Fish and other creatures for human food are found in the oceans.
5. Salt is produced from seawater.
6. Electricity is generated from ocean waves, currents, and tides.
7. Oceans are used as waterways for transportation.
In simple words: The hydrosphere is vital because it gives us water, brings rain, provides minerals and food, and helps make electricity. It also acts as sea routes.

Exam Tip: When asked about importance or utility, list practical benefits and contributions to human life and the environment.

Question 3. મૃદાવરણ (ધનાવરણ)નું મહત્ત્વ અથવા મૃદાવરણ(ધનાવરણ)ની ઉપયોગિતા જણાવો.
Answer: The importance of the lithosphere (solid sphere) is as follows:
1. The lithosphere (solid sphere) serves as a habitat for humans. It provides people with space to live and materials for building houses.
2. Humans get water from the water sources within the lithosphere (solid sphere).
3. People cultivate various crops on the lithosphere (solid sphere) and engage in industries and other economic activities.
4. The lithosphere (solid sphere) is home to plants and animals. Forests, grasslands, and animals on the lithosphere (solid sphere) are useful in various ways.
5. Minerals obtained from the lithosphere (solid sphere) are used in industries and in other capacities.
6. Human existence and the development of human civilization depend on the lithosphere (solid sphere).
In simple words: The lithosphere is important because it's where we live, grow food, get water, and find materials. It also supports all plants and animals.

Exam Tip: Highlight the direct and indirect ways the lithosphere supports human life, agriculture, industry, and ecosystems.