GSEB Class 6 Science Solutions Chapter 7 વનસ્પતિની જાણકારી મેળવીએ

Textbook Activities Understanding Question-Answer

Correct the following sentences and rewrite them in your notebook:

Question 1. પ્રકાંડ જમીનમાંથી પાણી અને ખનીજ ક્ષારોનું શોષણ કરે છે.
Answer: મૂળ જમીનમાંથી પાણી અને ખનીજ ક્ષારોનું શોષણ કરે છે.
In simple words: The stems do not soak up water; instead, the roots get water and minerals from the ground.

Exam Tip: Understand the specific roles of different plant parts to correctly identify which part performs which function.

Question 2. પર્ણો વનસ્પતિને ટટ્ટાર રાખે છે.
Answer: પ્રકાંડ વનસ્પતિને ટટ્ટાર રાખે છે.
In simple words: Leaves do not support plants; the stem helps the plant to stand upright.

Exam Tip: Remember that the stem provides structural support, allowing the plant to stand tall and access sunlight.

Question 3. મૂળ પાણીનું વહન પર્ષો સુધી કરે છે.
Answer: પ્રકાંડ પાણીનું વહન પર્ષો સુધી કરે છે.
In simple words: Roots do not move water; the stem transports water to the leaves.

Exam Tip: Focus on the vascular functions of the stem in water transport, which is a key concept in plant biology.

Question 4. પુષ્પમાં પુંકેસર અને દલપત્રોની સંખ્યા હંમેશાં સમાન હોય છે.
Answer: પુષ્પમાં પુંકેસર અને દલપત્રોની સંખ્યા હંમેશાં સમાન હોતી નથી.
In simple words: The number of stamens and petals in a flower is not always the same; it can vary.

Exam Tip: Be aware that floral parts can vary greatly in number among different plant species, which is a key identification feature.

Question 5. જો પુષ્પનાં વજપત્રો જોડાયેલાં હોય, તો તેનાં દલપત્રો પણ જોડાયેલાં જ હોય છે.
Answer: જો પુષ્પનાં વજપત્રો જોડાયેલાં હોય, તો તેનાં દલપત્રો જોડાયેલાં હોય કે ન પણ હોય.
In simple words: If a flower's sepals are joined, its petals might or might not be joined; there's no fixed rule.

Exam Tip: Remember that the fusion of sepals and petals are independent characteristics and do not always correlate directly.

Question 6. જો પુષ્પનાં દલપત્રો જોડાયેલાં હોય, તો તેનું સ્ત્રીકેસર દલપત્ર સાથે જોડાયેલું હોય છે.
Answer: જો પુષ્પનાં દલપત્રો જોડાયેલાં હોય, તો તેનું સ્ત્રીકેસર દલપત્ર સાથે જોડાયેલું હોય અથવા ન પણ હોય.
In simple words: If a flower's petals are joined, its pistil may or may not be attached to the petals; it's not a definite connection.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between the fusion of similar parts (like petals) and the attachment of different parts (like pistil to petals), as these are distinct botanical features.

Question 2. આકૃતિ દોરો
(1) પર્ણ
(3) પુષ્પ
Answer:
(1) પર્ણ

Exam Tip: Practice drawing and labeling these parts accurately, as understanding their structure is fundamental to plant biology.

Question 3. શું તમે તમારા ઘરમાં કે અડોશપડોશમાં એવી વનસ્પતિ શોધી શકો કે જેનું પ્રકાંડ લાંબું પણ નબળું હોય? તેનું નામ લખો. તમે તેને કયા જૂથમાં વર્ગીકૃત કરશો?
Answer: પ્રકાંડ લાંબું અને નબળું હોય તેવી વનસ્પતિ મની પ્લાન્ટ છે. તેને 'વેલા' પ્રકારની વનસ્પતિમાં વર્ગીકૃત કરાય.
In simple words: Yes, a plant like a money plant has a long, weak stem. We would classify it as a 'climber' or 'creeper' because it needs support to grow.

Exam Tip: Differentiate between herbs, shrubs, trees, climbers, and creepers based on their stem characteristics and growth habits.

Question 4. વનસ્પતિમાં પ્રકાંડનું કાર્ય શું છે?
Answer: પ્રકાંડનું કાર્ય મૂળ દ્વારા શોષાયેલા પાણી અને ખનીજ ક્ષારોનું પ્રકાંડની શાખાઓ અને પર્ણો તરફ વહન કરવાનું છે.
In simple words: The stem's job is to move water and minerals, which the roots have absorbed, to the plant's branches and leaves.

Exam Tip: When describing the function of the stem, mention both water and mineral transport from roots to upper parts, emphasizing its role in the plant's vascular system.

Question 5. નીચેનામાં કયાં પર્ણો જાલાકાર શિરાવિન્યાસ ધરાવે છે? ઘઉં, તુલસી, મકાઈ, ઘાસ, કોથમીર, જાસૂદ.
Answer: પર્ણોમાં જાલાકાર શિરાવિન્યાસ ધરાવતી વનસ્પતિઓઃ તુલસી, કોથમીર અને જાસૂદ.
In simple words: Among the given options, basil, coriander, and hibiscus have leaves with a reticulate venation pattern.

Exam Tip: Understand that reticulate (net-like) venation is typically found in dicot plants, while parallel venation is characteristic of monocots.

Question 6. જો કોઈ વનસ્પતિ તંતુમૂળ ધરાવતી હોય, તો તેનાં પર્ણોનો શિરાવિન્યાસ કે સામાન્ય રીતે કેવા પ્રકારનો હોઈ શકે?
Answer: જો કોઈ વનસ્પતિ તંતુમૂળ ધરાવતી હોય, તો તેનાં પર્ણોમાં સમાંતર શિરાવિન્યાસ હોય.
In simple words: If a plant has fibrous roots, its leaves usually show parallel venation, where veins run alongside each other.

Exam Tip: Remember the strong correlation: fibrous roots usually pair with parallel venation, and taproots with reticulate venation.

Question 7. જો કોઈ વનસ્પતિનાં પર્ણો જાલાકાર શિરાવિન્યાસ ધરાવે, તો તેનાં મૂળ કયા પ્રકારના હશે?
Answer: જો કોઈ વનસ્પતિનાં પર્ણો જાલાકાર શિરાવિન્યાસ ધરાવે, તો તેનાં મૂળ સોટીમૂળ હોય.
In simple words: If a plant's leaves have reticulate venation (a net-like pattern), then its roots will be taproots, with a main central root.

Exam Tip: This is the converse of the previous rule; knowing one characteristic often allows you to infer the other related plant feature.

Question 8. કોઈ પર્ણની કાગળ પર લીધેલ છાપને જ જોઈને શું એ વનસ્પતિનાં મૂળ તંતુમૂળ છે કે સોટીમૂળ એ કહેવું શક્ય છે?
Answer: હા. કોઈ પર્ણની કાગળ પર લીધેલ છાપ જોતાં તે વનસ્પતિનાં પર્ણોમાં – સમાંતર શિરાવિન્યાસ હોય તેનાં મૂળ તંતુમૂળ હોય અને પર્ણોમાં જાલાકાર શિરાવિન્યાસ હોય, તો તેનાં મૂળ સોટીમૂળ હોય તેમ કહી શકાય.
In simple words: Yes, by just looking at a leaf impression on paper, we can tell if the plant has fibrous or taproots. If the leaf shows parallel venation, it has fibrous roots; if it shows reticulate venation, it has taproots.

Exam Tip: This method of inferring root type from leaf venation is a practical application of the monocot/dicot characteristics.

Question 9. પુષ્યના ભાગોનાં નામ લખો.
Answer: પુષ્પના ભાગો:
1. વજ્રપત્ર (Sepals)
2. દલપત્ર (Petals)
3. પુંકેસર (Stamens)
4. સ્ત્રીકેસર (Pistil)
In simple words: A flower has four main parts: sepals (outer green leaves), petals (colorful parts), stamens (male parts), and the pistil (female part).

Exam Tip: Memorize the four main whorls of a flower (calyx, corolla, androecium, gynoecium) and their individual components for full marks.

Question 10. નીચેનામાંથી કઈ વનસ્પતિમાં તમે પુષ્પો જોયાં છે? ઘાસ, મકાઈ, ઘઉં, મરચાં, ટમેટું, તુલસી, પીપળો, સીસમ, વડ, આંબો, જાંબુ જામફળ, ધડમ, પપૈયું કેળ, લીબુ શેરડી, બટય અને મગફળી.
Answer: આપેલી બધી જ વનસ્પતિને પુષ્પો હોય છે.
In simple words: All the plants listed, including grass, maize, wheat, chili, tomato, basil, peepal, sisam, banyan, mango, jambu, jamfal, pomegranate, papaya, banana, lemon, sugarcane, bottle gourd, and groundnut, produce flowers.

Exam Tip: Every plant, even those with inconspicuous flowers (like grasses), produces flowers at some stage for reproduction. Distinguish between visible and non-visible flowers.

Question 11. વનસ્પતિનો જે ભાગ ખોરાક બનાવે છે તેનું નામ આપો. આ પ્રક્રિયાનું નામ જણાવો.
Answer: વનસ્પતિનાં પર્ણો ખોરાક બનાવે છે. વનસ્પતિની ખોરાક બનાવવાની પ્રક્રિયાને પ્રકાશસંશ્વેષણ કહે છે.
In simple words: The leaves of a plant make food. This food-making process in plants is called photosynthesis.

Exam Tip: Clearly state 'leaves' as the primary site of food production and 'photosynthesis' as the process, mentioning light, water, and carbon dioxide as key components if space permits.

Question 12. પુષ્પના કયા ભાગમાં તમને બીજાશય જોવા મળશે?
Answer: પુષ્પના સ્ત્રીકેસર ભાગમાં નીચે બીજાશય જોવા મળે છે.
In simple words: You will find the ovary at the bottom, swollen part of the pistil in a flower.

Exam Tip: Locate the ovary within the pistil (female reproductive part), specifically at its base, which contains ovules.

Question 13. જોડાયેલાં તથા છૂટાં વજપત્ર હોય, તેવાં બે પુષ્પોનાં નામ આપો.
Answer: જોડાયેલાં વજપત્રવાળાં પુષ્પો:
1. ધતૂરો
2. જાસૂદ
છૂટાં વજપત્રવાળાં પુષ્પો:
1. ગુલાબ
2. રાઈ
In simple words: Flowers like Datura and Hibiscus have united sepals, meaning their sepals are joined together. Flowers like Rose and Mustard have free sepals, meaning they are separate.

Exam Tip: Provide clear examples for both fused (gamosepalous) and free (polysepalous) sepals to demonstrate understanding of floral morphology.

GSEB Class 6 Science Textbook Activities

Understanding Textbook Activities

Activity 1: To study different types of plants.

Method:

1. Observe the stems and branches of different plants closely.

2. Compare the height of the plants with your height.

3. Touch their stems. Try to bend them gently.

4. Observe where the branches originate from the stem.

Based on your observations, fill in the details in Table 7.1.

Table 7.1: Types of Plants

Conclusion: Plants are classified into three types: herbs, shrubs, and trees.

Activity 2. To understand that the stem transports water.

Taproot: It has a main thick root and smaller subsidiary roots on it. These subsidiary roots are called lateral roots. Dicotyledonous plants like pigeon pea, green gram, kidney bean, pea, and trees like mango, neem, banyan, peepal, etc., have taproots.

Activity 3: To take a leaf impression.

Materials: Leaf, paper, pencil.

Method:

1. Take any leaf from a plant.

2. Place it on a table and put a white paper over it.

3. Hold the leaf and paper firmly. 4. Holding the pencil sideways, rub it on the part of the paper where the leaf is underneath. Did you get an impression? Is the impression similar to the veins of the leaf? Record your observation.

Observation: An impression showing the veins of the leaf is obtained on the paper.

Activity 4: To demonstrate the process of transpiration in plant leaves.

Fibrous root: It does not have a main root. Instead, many thin, thread-like roots originate from one spot. These are called fibrous roots. Monocotyledonous plants like wheat, pearl millet, rice, maize, sugarcane, bamboo, coconut, etc., have fibrous roots.

Activity 5: To test for the presence of starch in a plant's leaf.

Materials: Leaf, beaker, water, spirit, test tube, iodine solution, Bunsen burner.

Method:

2. Add spirit until the leaf is completely covered. 3. Place the test tube in a beaker filled with water. 4. Heat the beaker until all the green color comes out of the leaf into the test tube. 5. Take out the leaf and wash it with water. 6. Place the leaf on a plate and add a few drops of iodine solution to it. Observe the effect of the iodine solution on the leaf.

Observation: The color of the iodine solution changes to blue-black.

Conclusion: Starch is present in the plant's leaf.

Activity 6: To demonstrate that roots are necessary for the healthy growth of a plant.

Materials: Two pots (filled with soil), two plants, khurpi (trowel), blade, water.

Method:

1. Select two plants of the same type from an open field and dig them out with their roots.

2. Plant one of the two plants with roots in the soil of pot A. 3. Plant the other plant by cutting its roots in the soil of pot B. 4. Water both plants regularly. Observe both plants after one week.

Observation: The rooted plant has grown well, while the plant without roots is undeveloped.

Conclusion: Roots are necessary for the healthy growth of a plant.

Activity 7: To demonstrate that roots firmly hold the plant in the soil.

Materials: Chickpeas, maize, cotton wool, two bowls, water.

Method:

1. Take two bowls. 2. Place wet cotton wool in both.

3. Place 3-4 chickpea seeds in one bowl and an equal number of maize seeds in the other. 4. Keep the cotton wool wet by sprinkling water daily until the seeds germinate.

5. After one week, try to separate both seedlings from the cotton wool. Can the roots be easily removed from the cotton wool?

Observation: The roots of the plants cannot be easily removed from the cotton wool.

Conclusion: Roots hold the plant firmly in the soil.

Activity 8: To show that the roots of chickpea seedlings and maize seedlings are different.

Materials: Chickpea and maize seedlings removed from cotton wool in Activity 7.

Method:

1. Observe the roots of the chickpea seedlings removed from the cotton wool in Activity 7 closely. 2. Then look at the roots of the maize seedlings removed from the cotton wool. Do both sets of roots appear different?

Observation: The roots of chickpea seedlings and maize seedlings appear different.

Conclusion: The roots of gram seedlings and maize seedlings look different. Therefore, roots are of two types.

Activity 9: To demonstrate that there is a definite relationship between the venation of the leaf and the type of root.

Materials: Wild plants of different types.

Method:

1. Go to an open field where various types of wild plants grow.

2. Dig out a few plants from there. 3. Wash their roots with water and observe them. 4. The roots of the plants you dug out will be similar to either figure (a) or figure (b). 5. Now observe the type of venation in the leaves of plants with roots like in figure (a). 6. Observe the type of venation in the leaves of plants with roots like in figure (b).

Record your observations in Table 7.2.

Table 7.2: Types of Roots and Leaf Venation

Observation:
1. Plants with taproots have reticulate venation in their leaves.
2. Plants with fibrous roots have parallel venation in their leaves.

Conclusion: There is a definite relationship between the venation of the leaf and the type of root.

Activity 10: To study the main parts of a flower.

Materials: Rose, hibiscus, mustard, and brinjal flowers, blade, magnifying glass.

Method:

1. Observe the main parts of an open flower. These are the petals of the flower. Different flowers have petals of various colors.

2. The green, leaf-like part visible at the base of a closed bud and flower is the sepal.

3. How many sepals and petals do the flowers you picked have? Are they joined together? What are the colors of the petals and sepals? Record your observations in Table 7.3.

4. Cut the petals and look at the inner parts of the flower. 5. Observe the pistil located in the inner central part of the flower. It is tubular at the top and swollen at the bottom. 6. Observe the stamens around it. They are thin filament-like and have a cushion-like part at the top. 7. Study figures (a) and (b) showing the parts of a flower to identify and compare the sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil of your flowers.

Table 7.3: Flower Observation

Conclusion: The main parts of a flower are sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil. The number of these parts varies in each flower.

Activity 11: To study the structure of the ovary in the pistil of a flower.

Method:

1. Observe that the lowest swollen part in the pistil of a flower is the ovary.

2. Take ovaries from two different flowers. 3. Make a longitudinal section and a transverse section of one flower's ovary. [See figures (a) and (b) on the side] 4. Place a drop of water on the cut part of the ovary so it doesn't dry out. 5. Observe the internal structure with a magnifying glass. Bead-like structures are visible in the ovary, which are ovules. They appear granular.