GSEB Class 12 Hindi Solutions Chapter 17 नींव की ईंट ही तुम दीदी

स्वाध्याय

Question 1. हारिल बनकर कवि कहाँ बसेरा करना चाहता है?
(क) वटवृक्ष पर
(ख) पीपल के वृक्ष पर
(ग) नीम के पेड़ पर
(घ) आम के पेड़ पर
Answer: (ख) पीपल के वृक्ष पर
In simple words: The poet wishes to live like a Haril bird on a peepal tree.

🎯 Exam Tip: For MCQs, always choose the option that most accurately reflects the text's direct statement or implied meaning.

Question 2. कवि पढ़ना-लिखना किसकी मदद से सीखता है?
(क) दीदी की
(ख) माता की
(ग) पिता की
(घ) भाई की
Answer: (क) दीदी की
In simple words: The poet learns to read and write with the help of his Didi.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to characters and their roles in the poem to answer questions about relationships and learning.

Question 3. दीदी यदि नदी है, तो कवि क्या बनना चाहता है?
(क) लहर
(ख) उछाह
(ग) चट्टान
(घ) मछली
Answer: (घ) मछली
In simple words: If Didi is a river, the poet wishes to become a fish.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the metaphors used in the poem and what they represent in the relationship between the poet and Didi.

Question 4. दीदी भाई के लिए क्या सामान रखती है?
(क) गुड्डे
(ख) मालदह
(ग) अमरुद
(घ) केला
Answer: (ख) मालदह
In simple words: Didi keeps Malda mangoes for her brother.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recall specific details from the poem about Didi's actions and offerings to her brother.

2. निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर एक-एक वाक्य में लिखिए :

Question 1. हारिल कैसा पक्षी है?
Answer: Haril birds do not build nests. They do not stay in one place for long. They come from far mountains and fly to distant forests.
In simple words: Haril birds do not make nests and do not live in one place. They fly from far-off mountains to distant forests.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the key characteristics of the Haril bird as mentioned in the poem, focusing on its nature of not settling.

Question 2. दोपहर में ठण्डी छाँह का अनुभव कवि कहाँ करता है?
Answer: In the afternoon, the poet feels the cool shade under a peepal tree.
In simple words: The poet finds cool shade under a peepal tree during midday.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the specific location where the poet experiences comfort and coolness in the afternoon.

Question 3. दीदी के किस्सों से कवि क्या प्राप्त करता था?
Answer: From Didi's stories, the poet learned letters.
In simple words: The poet learned the alphabet from Didi's tales.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the educational role Didi played in the poet's early life through her storytelling.

Question 4. सीपी बनकर कवि क्या करना चाहता था ?
Answer: As a seashell, the poet wished to gather drops of water inside himself. He hoped these drops would become pearls and shine on the riverbanks.
In simple words: The poet wanted to be a seashell, holding water drops that would turn into pearls and shine by the river.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the poet's aspiration when imagining himself as a seashell, linking it to value creation and beauty.

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दो-तीन वाक्यों में लिखिए :

Question 1. ढिबरी की तरह दीदी क्या कार्य करती हैं ?
Answer: A small lamp (dhibri) works by soaking oil through its wick and spreading light. In the same way, Didi would study and share her knowledge. She told children many stories full of words and life experiences.
In simple words: Like a lamp giving light, Didi shared her knowledge and told children stories that taught them about letters and life experiences.

🎯 Exam Tip: Compare Didi's actions to the function of a dhibri, highlighting her role in enlightening and educating.

Question 2. कवि दीदी को चट्टान की उपमा क्यों देता है ?
Answer: Didi strictly followed rules. There was no softness in her heart. Her beliefs were as strong as a rock. Because of this unwavering nature, she was compared to a rock.
In simple words: Didi followed rules strictly and had strong beliefs. Her unwavering nature was like a rock, so the poet called her a rock.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on Didi's qualities of discipline and strong determination to explain why she is likened to a rock.

Question 3. कवि को अपनी दीदी घर की नींव की ईंट के समान क्यों लगती हैं?
Answer: Didi has now started her new life. She will begin her new world and instill good values in her family. For this reason, the poet feels his Didi is like the foundational brick of a house.
In simple words: Didi is building a new life and giving good values to her family. This makes the poet feel she is like the strong foundation brick of a home.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize Didi's role in building a new family and instilling values, linking it to the stability and importance of a foundation stone.

Question 4. जीवन की सार्थकता कवि को कहाँ लगती है?
Answer: The poet finds meaning in life by living like a Haril bird. This is why he did not choose to build a home and stay in one place.
In simple words: The poet feels life is meaningful when lived freely, like a Haril bird, not settling in one fixed place.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the poet's desire for a meaningful life to the characteristics of the Haril bird and its nomadic nature.

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर पाँच-छह पंक्तियों में लिखिए :

Question 1. दीदी को दिए गए एक-एक रूपक की क्या विशेषता है?
Answer: The poet compares Didi to a peepal tree, a small lamp, a river, a rock, and the foundation brick of a house. If Didi were a peepal tree, her brother would live in its thick green branches like a Haril bird. Didi was like a lamp, and in its light, her brother first learned letters. If Didi were a river, her brother would become a seashell, creating pearls. Didi was firm like a rock, which helped shape people's lives. Now, Didi is the foundation brick of her new home and will build her new world.
In simple words: The poet uses many comparisons for Didi: a peepal tree (offering shelter), a lamp (giving knowledge), a river (making pearls), a rock (showing strength), and a foundation brick (building a new life). Each comparison shows her important role and positive impact.

🎯 Exam Tip: Elaborate on each metaphor (peepal, dhibri, river, rock, foundation brick) individually, explaining what quality or role of Didi each represents.

Question 2. कविता का केन्द्रीयभाव समझकर लिखिए।
Answer: This poem wonderfully describes Didi's great contributions. Didi nurtured children to be well-behaved and gave them knowledge. Children see Didi's personality in many ways. To them, Didi is sometimes like the cool shade of a peepal tree, sometimes like the light of a small lamp, sometimes like a river, and sometimes like the strong belief of a rock.
In simple words: The poem shows Didi's wonderful impact on children's lives. She teaches them good values and gives them knowledge. Children see her as a comforting peepal tree's shade, a guiding lamp's light, a flowing river, and a strong, trusted rock.

🎯 Exam Tip: Summarize the core message of the poem, focusing on Didi's positive influence and the various aspects of her personality as perceived by the children.

Question. आश्रय स्पष्ट कीजिए - घोंसले नहीं बनाये हमने, बसे नहीं आज तक, कठिन है, हमारा जीवन भी, तुम्हारी तरह ही।
Answer: Remembering old times, the children tell Didi, who has now settled in her new home, that they have never stayed in one place. Their life, too, is very difficult, just like hers. However, they accept living their life this way.
In simple words: The children tell Didi that they, like her, have not settled in one place and have had a tough life. But they accept this kind of life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the children's message to Didi, focusing on their shared experience of a transient and challenging life, and their acceptance of it.

निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दो-तीन वाक्यों में लिखिए:

Question 1. कवि उदय प्रकाश के जीवन को किसने संस्कारित किया?
Answer: Didi shaped the life of the poet, Uday Prakash.
In simple words: Didi influenced and guided the poet Uday Prakash's life.

🎯 Exam Tip: State clearly who played the central role in nurturing the poet's life and values.

व्याकरण

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के पर्यायवाची (समानार्थी) शब्द लिखिए :
Answer:
• ढिबरी - दीपक
• किनारा - तट
• घोंसला - नीड़
• सन्नाटा - शांति
• पक्षी - पंछी
• नींव - आधारशिला
• मेहमान - अतिथि
• अनुभव - अभ्यास
In simple words: This section lists words and their synonyms, meaning words with similar meanings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Memorize these pairs to enhance your vocabulary and understanding of Hindi words with equivalent meanings.

निम्नलिखित शब्दों के विलोम (विरुद्धार्थी शब्द लिखिए :
Answer:
• कठिन - आसान
• सन्नाटा - शोर
• रोशनी - अंधेरा
• छोह - धूप
• ठोस - नरम
• विश्वास - अविश्वास
• जीवन - मृत्यु
• शीतल - उष्ण
In simple words: This list shows words and their opposites, which are words with contrasting meanings.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice identifying antonyms to improve your understanding of word relationships and expand your vocabulary.

निम्नलिखित तद्भव शब्दों के तत्सम रूप लिखिए :
Answer:
• काम – कार्य
• हाथ – हस्त
• धीरज – धैर्य
• आग – अग्नि
• स्तंभ – स्थाणु
• दूध – दुग्ध
• काला – कृष्ण
• मोती – मौक्तिक
In simple words: These are common Hindi words (Tadbhav) and their original Sanskrit forms (Tatsam).

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn the Tatsam forms of common Tadbhav words, as this is a key component of Hindi grammar and etymology.

निम्नलिखित शब्दों में से प्रत्यय अलग कीजिए :
Answer:
• समकालीन = समकाल + ईन (प्रत्यय)
• प्रतिबद्धता = प्रतिबद्ध + ता (प्रत्यय)
• पत्रिका = पत्र + इका (प्रत्यय)
• दरियाई = दरिया + आई (प्रत्यय)
• व्यक्तित्व = व्यक्ति + त्व (प्रत्यय)
• तरलता = तरल + ता (प्रत्यय)
• सार्थकता = सार्थक + ता (प्रत्यय)
• रोशनी = रोशन + ई (प्रत्यय)
• प्रतीति = प्रति + इत + इ (प्रत्यय)
• उजली = उजला + ई (प्रत्यय)
• चमकदार = चमक + दार (प्रत्यय)
• उत्साहित = उत्साह + इत (प्रत्यय)
• निर्दोषता = निर्दोष + ता (प्रत्यय)
In simple words: This shows how to separate the suffix (Pratyay) from a word. The suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to change its meaning or form.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand how suffixes are used to form new words or change grammatical categories. Practice identifying the base word and the suffix correctly.

निम्नलिखित शब्दों में से उपसर्ग अलग कीजिए:
Answer:
• विज्ञान = वि (उपसर्ग) + ज्ञान
• प्रतिबद्ध = प्रति (उपसर्ग) + बद्ध
• अनुशासन = अनु (उपसर्ग) + शासन
• विदेश = वि (उपसर्ग) + देश
• अनुभव = अनु (उपसर्ग) + भव
• अनुकरण = अनु (उपसर्ग) + करण
In simple words: This task shows how to separate the prefix (Upsarg) from a word. The prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to change its meaning.

🎯 Exam Tip: Learn to identify prefixes and their meanings, as this helps in understanding the etymology and formation of words.

निम्नलिखित वाक्यों में से विशेषण पहचानिए :

Question 1. 1. घनी-हरी टहनियों में हम बसेरा लेते हैं। 2. पीपल की छांह दोपहर में ठंडी होती है। 3. घर की गूंगी दीवारें धुंआ सोखती हैं। 4. तुम नये आंगन की ढिबरी हो।
Answer:
1. घनी-हरी (thick-green)
2. ठंडी (cold)
3. गूंगी (mute)
4. नये (new)
In simple words: Adjectives are words that describe nouns. Here, we identify the describing words in each sentence.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify adjectives, look for words that describe the quality, quantity, or nature of a noun in the sentence.

निम्नलिखित शब्दसमूहों के लिए एक-एक शब्द लिखिए :
Answer:
• घर के पीछे की खुली जगह-पिछवाडा
• दिन का मध्य भाग-मध्याहून
• जो खोखला न हो-ठोस
• चिडियों का घास-फूल का घर-घोंसला
In simple words: This list gives one word for a group of words, making the phrase shorter and clearer.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice forming single words for common phrases to improve conciseness and expand your vocabulary.

निम्नलिखित अशुद्ध वाक्यों को शुद्ध करके फिर से लिखिए :

Question 1. 1. वह बुद्धिमान बालिका है। 2. सड़क में भारी भीड़ जमा है। 3. में कल गया हूँ। 4. मुझे यह कमी दूर करनी है।
Answer:
1. वह बुद्धिमती बालिका है। (She is an intelligent girl.)
2. सडक पर भारी भीड़ जमा है। (There is a heavy crowd on the road.)
3. मैं कल गया था। (I went yesterday.)
4. मुझे यह कमी पूरी करनी है। (I have to fulfill this deficiency.)
In simple words: This task involves correcting grammatical mistakes or word usage in sentences to make them proper and clear.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on gender agreement, tense, and appropriate prepositions to correct sentences effectively.

निम्नलिखित कहावत का अर्थ लिखिए :

Question. जिन खोजा तिन पाइया गहरे पानी पैठ
Answer: अर्थ : जिसने अधिक मेहनत की उसे जरूर फल मिलता है। (Meaning: One who works harder surely gets the results.)
In simple words: This proverb means that those who put in great effort will surely achieve success.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the underlying meaning of proverbs and be able to explain them clearly in simple terms.