GSEB Class 12 English Solutions Unit 2 Read 2 Shaper Shaped

Comprehension

Question 1. The poet has ceased to be a potter and learnt to be the clay. What would you like to become? Why?
Answer: I would choose to become a cloud, forming diverse shapes that ignite the imagination of cowherds in the rural landscape. My shadow would then fall upon the land, providing respite from the intense heat.
In simple words: The poet is no longer the creator but the created. I would like to be a cloud, creating various shapes and providing shade to the land.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on explaining your choice clearly and creatively, connecting it to the theme of creation and transformation.

Question 2.
Answer:

No.	Journey	Who	Acts	Reason
1.	shaper	potter clay	moulded the clay to patterns of wheel	Wisdom won and pride died
2.	shaper	poet song	to win the hearts of men	Through new-got knowledge ceased to be a poet.
3.	shaper	fashioner of swords sword	gleamed on battlefields	Brimming with silence of the Lord, learned to be a sword.
4.	shaper	dreamer dream	who would hurl insolence of emerald and pearl	Kneeling at the feet of the Supreme, learned to be a dream.

In simple words: This table outlines the four transformations in the poem, showing how the speaker transitions from being a creator (shaper) to becoming the created (shaped) in various roles.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing tables, ensure each column's information is correctly associated with its row and that the relationships between 'Who,' 'Acts,' and 'Reason' are clearly understood.

3. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences each:

Question 1. What is the significance of the title of the poem ?
Answer: In life, we frequently adopt familiar patterns, shaping our existence accordingly. However, external factors such as circumstances or evolving ideas often influence our lives, prompting us to pursue different paths. This dynamic process leads to significant changes in our lifestyle, reflecting the "Shaper Shaped" theme.
In simple words: The title reflects how we initially try to control our lives, but eventually, circumstances and wisdom reshape us, turning the creator into the creation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Relate the title directly to the central theme of transformation and the interplay between individual will and external forces.

Question 2. How does the poet contrast his former life with the present life ?
Answer: The poet describes his past as a period of ignorance regarding life's profound realities, where he harbored immense pride, viewing himself as the sole creator of numerous things. Subsequently, he gained the insight that the ultimate creator of everything on Earth is the Supreme Power, God, and that he is merely an instrument in divine hands.
In simple words: In the past, the poet was arrogant and thought he was a creator. Now, he realizes God is the true creator, and he is just an instrument.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the shift from self-centered pride to humble realization and spiritual awakening as the core contrast.

Question 3. What examples does the poet give to forewarn the human beings who are obsessed with their own selves ?
Answer: The poet offers several illustrations to caution individuals who are unduly preoccupied with themselves:
(1) Initially, the poet functioned as a potter, believing he could mold yielding clay into any desired form. Later, he came to understand that he was not the shaper but merely the clay awaiting transformation.
(2) In his earlier days, the poet was a distinguished poet, capable of composing countless songs or verses. Yet, he eventually realized he was nothing more than a 'song' destined to be composed by a greater force.
(3) In another instance, the poet imagined himself creating gleaming swords. His subsequent realization, however, taught him that he was merely a 'sword' meant for preparation.
(4) In the final example, the poet recounts believing himself to be a dreamer who gathered valuable jewels like emeralds and pearls. He later grasped that he was not an independent 'dreamer' but simply a 'dream' awaiting fulfillment.
In simple words: The poet uses examples of a potter, poet, sword maker, and dreamer to show how he initially thought he was in control, but later realized he was merely the object being shaped or created by a higher power.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure each example clearly demonstrates the initial illusion of self-importance versus the ultimate realization of being shaped.

Question 4. How does the poet cite the example of potter to refer to his awakening of the soul ?
Answer: In earlier times, the poet considered himself an adept potter, capable of crafting magnificent designs from malleable clay. However, his newly acquired wisdom enlightened his soul, making him recognize that he was not a potter-creator but rather the clay itself, requiring to be molded.
In simple words: The poet initially felt powerful as a potter shaping clay, but later realized he was the clay, not the potter, symbolizing his soul's awakening to a higher power.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the transformation from "potter" (creator) to "clay" (created) as a metaphor for spiritual enlightenment and humility.

Question 5. Why did the poet write innumerable songs in his earlier years ?
Answer: The poet composed countless songs in his younger days, driven by an excessive sense of pride in his ability to craft remarkable poems that he believed would captivate people's hearts. During that period, he was unaware that his power or potential originated not from within himself but from a Supreme entity.
In simple words: The poet wrote many songs in his youth out of pride, believing his talent alone could win hearts, not realizing his abilities came from a higher source.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the act of writing songs to the poet's initial arrogance and the later realization of a divine source for his talents.

Question 6. What does the phrase 'fashioner of swords' refer to ?
Answer: The expression 'fashioner of swords' denotes a creator of swords. The term 'fashioner' specifically refers to someone who produces various types of swords intended for use in combat situations.
In simple words: 'Fashioner of swords' means a person who makes different kinds of swords for battles.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a direct definition of the phrase and briefly explain the context of "fashioner" in this usage.

Question 7. How did the poet behave in bygone times when he was a dreamer?
Answer: In his past, when the poet was a dreamer, he displayed extreme arrogance, convinced of his vast wealth. His conceit rendered him insolent, and he remained unaware that he himself was merely a dream subject to the will of the Supreme.
In simple words: The poet was arrogant and proud of his perceived wealth, unaware that he was just a dream existing at the feet of the Supreme Power.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the poet's arrogance and his self-perception as a powerful dreamer, contrasting it with his eventual realization.

Question 8. What happens when the poet surrenders at the feet of the Almighty?
Answer: Upon surrendering to the Almighty, the poet experiences a sudden revelation: he is no longer an independent dreamer. He loses any justification for pride or arrogance regarding possessions he once considered his own, recognizing that his perceived wealth does not truly belong to him. At this point, he ceases to be a self-willed dreamer and comprehends that he is merely a dream awaiting manifestation.
In simple words: When the poet surrenders to God, he realizes he is not a creator but a creation, letting go of pride and accepting his true nature as a dream to be realized by the divine.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the shift from self-importance to humility and the profound realization of being a mere instrument in the divine plan.

4. (a) Lines 2 and 4 end with words 'feel-wheel'. Study the last word of each line and make a list of other rhyming words in the poem. Work in pairs.

Stanza 1: Rhyming words
Lines: 2. 4 - Feel, wheels
Lines: 3. 6. 8 - clay, away. clay

Stanza 2:
Lines: 2, 4 - pen. men
Lines: 6, 8 - long, song

Stanza 3:
Lines: 1, 3- swords, battlefields
Lines: 2, 4 - gone-shone
Lines: 6. 8 - Lord-sword

In simple words: This section identifies rhyming patterns found at the end of lines within different stanzas of the poem, categorizing them by stanza.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying rhyming words, pay close attention to the end sounds of words in specific lines as indicated.

(b) Select any three pairs of rhyming words from the poem and find one more rhyming word for each pair.
Example : feel - wheel - kneel
Answer: Pairs of rhyming words are :
(1) clay - away - astray
(2) pen - men - den
(3) long - song - gong
(4) hurl - pearl - swirl
In simple words: This task involves finding rhyming word pairs from the poem and then adding a third word that also rhymes with them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice identifying phonetic similarities, not just spelling, to correctly find rhyming words and extend rhyming sets.

(c) Prepare a list of words that are used more than twice in the poem.
Answer: Words used more than twice are : used to be, in days, on, but, now, ceased, had, sword.
In simple words: This identifies frequently recurring words within the poem, indicating their importance or common usage.

🎯 Exam Tip: For this type of question, careful scanning of the entire poem and keeping a tally of word occurrences is crucial for accuracy.

(1) This poem is about...
(a) self-realization of the poet.
(b) advantages of getting materialistic things.
(c) benefits of writing beautiful songs.
(d) gain from fighting battles.
Answer: (a) self-realization of the poet.
In simple words: The central theme of the poem is the poet's journey of understanding his true self and his place in the universe.

🎯 Exam Tip: To answer questions about the poem's theme, look for the overarching message and the poet's personal transformation.

(2) The poet wishes to cease to be a potter because ...
(a) he has become master of making pots.
(b) he has realized the harm of declaring himself to be a great potter.
(c) he has acquired fame of a skilled potter.
(d) he wishes to adopt some other profession.
Answer: (b) he has realized the harm of declaring himself to be a great potter.
In simple words: The poet no longer wants to be a potter because he understands that pride in his own creation is misguided; he is merely the clay, not the creator.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the poet's shift in perspective from self-importance to humility as the primary reason for his change.

(3) The poet wishes to surrender to God because ...
(a) he wants to acquire emerald and pearls.
(b) he has learnt the truth of mortality of living beings.
(c) he wants to win hundred battles.
(d) he wishes to impress others.
Answer: (b) he has learnt the truth of mortality of living beings.
In simple words: The poet surrenders to God because he has understood that all living beings are mortal and his previous worldly pursuits were futile.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the act of surrender to a deeper spiritual realization about life's impermanence and the limitations of material desires.

(A) Additional Questions and Answers

Question 1. Identify the Figures of Speech in the following line:
'His fingers mould the yielding clay'
Answer: The Figure of Speech employed in the line 'His fingers mould the yielding clay' is Synecdoche.
In simple words: Synecdoche is used here because 'fingers' (a part) represent the entire person or the potter's action of molding.

🎯 Exam Tip: When identifying figures of speech, consider how parts relate to wholes or how concrete objects represent abstract ideas.

Question 2. What is the meaning of the line – 'Innumerable songs would come To win the hearts of men'.
Answer: This line conveys that the poet had believed he could compose a multitude of songs that would become widely popular and captivate people, thereby earning him acclaim.
In simple words: This line means the poet thought his many songs would be so good that they would become very popular and loved by everyone.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on explaining the poet's initial intention and the perceived impact of his creative work.

Question 3. Identify the Figure of Speech in the line -‘Glittered and gleamed and shone.'
Answer: The Figure of Speech present in the line – 'Glittered and gleamed and shone' is Climax.
In simple words: Climax is used here as the words "glittered," "gleamed," and "shone" build up in intensity, creating a sense of increasing brilliance.

🎯 Exam Tip: Climax involves arranging words or phrases in ascending order of importance or intensity.

Question 4. Explain -
'In bygone times I used to be A dreamer who would hurl On every side an insolence of emerald and pearl.
Answer: These lines suggest that in the past, the poet was a man of considerable wealth and took immense pride in his possessions. This pride often manifested as an arrogant display of his riches, symbolized by 'emerald and pearl,' indicating his showy and perhaps disrespectful attitude.
In simple words: These lines mean that in the past, the poet was a rich and arrogant person who flaunted his wealth and power, showing disrespect to others.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze the imagery ("emerald and pearl") and the concept of "insolence" to fully explain the poet's past character.

(B) Reading Comprehension

Read the following stanzas and answer the questions :

(1) In days gone by I used to be
A potter who would feel
His fingers mould the yielding clay
To patterns on his wheels;
But now through wisdom lately won,
That pride has died away;
I have ceased to be the potter
And have learned to be the clay.

Questions:
(1) What pride was the poet as a potter bearing formerly?
(2) What did the poet as a potter learn with the course of time?
Answers:
(1) As a potter, the poet once felt a sense of accomplishment and pride in his ability to shape clay into various designs.
(2) Over time, the poet gained wisdom, shed his arrogance, and came to understand that he was no longer the potter but instead the clay, subject to shaping.
In simple words: The poet was proud of his ability to create as a potter but later learned humility, realizing he was the material to be shaped.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the transformation from the poet's initial pride as a creator to his later acceptance of being the created.

(2) In other days I used to be
A poet through whose pen
Innumerable songs would come
To win the hearts of men;
But now through new-got knowledge
Which I had not had so long,
I have ceased to be the poet
And have learned to be the song.

Questions:
(1) Describe the poet's compositions.
(2) What was the poet's realisation on a later stage ?
Answers:
(1) The poet composed numerous songs that possessed the power to captivate people's hearts.
(2) At a subsequent stage, through his newly acquired insight, the poet ceased to identify as the poet and began to perceive himself as the song itself.
In simple words: The poet wrote many popular songs but later realized he was the song, not just the one who writes it, indicating a deeper understanding of creation.

🎯 Exam Tip: Note the distinction between the poet as a "composer" and the poet as the "composition" itself, highlighting a shift in identity.

OR

Questions:
(1) In other days what would come through poet's pen ?
(2) Why has the poet ceased to be a poet ?
(3) Why does the poet write the poems ?
Answers:
(1) In earlier times, countless songs would flow from the poet's pen.
(2) The poet has stopped being a poet because he has gained new knowledge and perspective.
(3) The poet crafts his poems with the intention of winning over people's hearts.
In simple words: The poet's pen once produced many songs to win hearts. He stopped being just a poet because new wisdom showed him a different role.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the poet's motivation for writing (winning hearts) and the reason for his change in identity (new knowledge).

OR

Questions:
(1) What was the poet in the past ?
(2) What was the effect of poet' song ?
(3) The poet was a but now he wants to become
Answers:
(1) The poet was a poet in his past.
(2) The poet's compositions had the ability to win the hearts of people.
(3) The poet was a poet but now he desires to transform into a song.
In simple words: The poet was a poet who wrote songs to win hearts, but now wishes to become the song itself, embodying his creations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the shift from being an active creator (poet) to being the essence of creation (song), symbolizing a deeper connection to his art.

Questions:
(1) Why did the poet write innumerable songs in his earlier years ?
(2) What knowledge had the poet got ?
(3) Find out the word from the stanza for 'the things can't be counted'.
Answers:
(1) The poet composed countless songs in his younger years with the aim of captivating people's hearts.
(2) Subsequently, the poet came to understand that he was no longer merely a poet, but rather the very song itself.
(3) The word in the stanza that means 'the things can't be counted' is 'innumerable'.
In simple words: The poet wrote many songs to win hearts. He learned that he was the song, not just its writer. 'Innumerable' means countless.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to find specific words, search the text carefully for direct definitions or close synonyms.

(3) I was a fashioner of swords
In days that now are gone
Which on a hundred battlefields,

But now that I am brimming with
The silence of the Lord,
I have ceased to be sward-maker
And have learned to be the sword.

Questions:
(1) What do the words 'fashioner of swords' in the stanza mean ?
(2) What does the poet mean by 'I am brimming with the silence of the Lord' ?
Answers:
(1) The phrase 'fashioner of swords' means 'maker of swords'.
(2) With the words 'I am brimming with the silence of the Lord', the poet conveys that he has now attained sufficient wisdom to grasp the futility of conflict, recognizing that peace is the ultimate requirement of the world.
In simple words: 'Fashioner of swords' means a sword maker. 'Brimming with the silence of the Lord' signifies the poet's newfound wisdom, realizing that peace, not war, is what the world truly needs.

🎯 Exam Tip: For figurative language, first define the literal meaning, then explain the deeper, symbolic interpretation, especially when referring to spiritual concepts.

(4) In bygone times I used to be
A dreamer who would hurl
On every side an insolence
Of emerald and pearl;
But now that I am kneeling
At the feet of the Supreme
I have ceased to be the dreamer
And have learned to be the dream.

Questions:
(1) What did the poet dream of in his bygone days ?
(2) What is the latest realisation of the poet ?
Answers:
(1) In his earlier days, the poet envisioned himself as immensely wealthy, surrounded by precious gems.
(2) The poet recently recognized the futility of all the wealth he had amassed. He found genuine solace only through submitting himself to God.
In simple words: In the past, the poet dreamed of being rich with gems. Now, he realizes wealth is useless and finds peace by surrendering to God.

🎯 Exam Tip: Contrast the poet's past material dreams with his present spiritual awakening to highlight the depth of his realization.

OR

Questions:
(1) What was the poet in his past ?
(2) What changed the poet's thoughts ?
Answers:
(1) In his past, the poet was a dreamer.
(2) The poet's perspectives underwent a transformation when he submitted himself to God. In this act of surrender, he discovered that his thoughts had changed.
In simple words: The poet was a dreamer, but his surrender to God changed his thoughts, leading to new understanding.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize that spiritual submission and realization are the key drivers for the poet's transformation in thought and identity.

(Fill in the gaps with proper words.)
(1) In his past, the poet was a dreamer.
(2) The poet surrendered himself to God and in the submission he found his thoughts changed.
(3) The poet was a dreamer but now he wants to become a dream.

(5) In days gone by I used to be
A potter who would feel
His fingers mould the yielding clay
To patterns on his wheels;
But now through wisdom lately won,
That pride has died away;
I have ceased to be the potter
And have learned to be the clay.

Questions:
(1) What was the potter proud of ?
(2) What is the potter's realisation after winning wisdom?
(3) Identify and explain the Figure of Speech in the line 'That pride has died away'.
Answers:
(1) The potter was proud of his capability to fashion clay on his wheel into any desired pattern.
(2) After gaining wisdom, the potter recognized that his pride was unwarranted. He ceased to be the potter and embraced the identity of the clay.
(3) The Figure of Speech in the line 'That pride has died away' is personification because the human characteristic of 'dying' is ascribed to 'pride'.
In simple words: The potter was proud of his crafting skill, but wisdom taught him humility. 'Pride has died away' is personification, giving human action to an abstract idea.

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing the poet's realization, link it directly to the concept of humility and the surrender of ego. For figures of speech, clearly define the literary device and how it applies to the given line.

Vocabulary

1. Use the correct forms of the words given in the brackets.

A pioneer of the American animation industry, Walter Elias ‘Walt' Disney introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928 which was his first highly popular success. He also provided the voice for his creation in his early years. In the 1950s, Disney expanded into the amusement park industry and in 1955, he opened Disneyland. Disney was a heavy smoker throughout his life leading to lung cancer in 1966 before the park was completed. His film work continued to be shown and adapted. His studio maintains high standards in its production of popular entertainment. He is considered to be a national cultural icon and remains an important figure in the history of animation.
In simple words: This text describes Walt Disney's journey from pioneering animation and creating Mickey Mouse to expanding into theme parks, highlighting his innovative and influential career.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing such passages, choose the word form (noun, verb, adjective, adverb) that correctly fits the grammatical structure and meaning of each sentence.

2. Replace the underlined words with the words opposite in meaning from the brackets.

(brilliant, forget, success, borrowed, imagination, adding, flopped, celebrated)

Question 1. Walt was a genius who had an extraordinary skill of removing imagination to any story or idea.
Answer: Walt was a genius who had an extraordinary skill of adding imagination to any story or idea.
In simple words: The opposite of 'removing' in this context is 'adding,' reflecting Walt Disney's creative contribution.

🎯 Exam Tip: Carefully read the sentence to understand the intended meaning before and after replacement to ensure the antonym fits logically.

Question 2. Walt started a little animated-cartoon company in Kansas city which succeeded miserably.
Answer: Walt started a little animated-cartoon company in Kansas city which flopped miserably.
In simple words: The opposite of 'succeeded' in this context is 'flopped,' indicating a failure despite the effort.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to adverbs like "miserably" as they can provide clues about the appropriate antonym.

Question 3. Walt lent Rs. 500 from an uncle to start a cartoon series called Alice in Wonderland.
Answer: Walt borrowed Rs. 500 from an uncle to start a cartoon series called Alice in Wonderland.
In simple words: The opposite of 'lent' (giving money) is 'borrowed' (taking money), correctly reflecting Walt's action.

🎯 Exam Tip: Distinguish between the perspective of the lender and the borrower when choosing the correct antonym.

Question 4. The 40th birthday of Walt's mouse, Mickey was condemned in 1968.
Answer: The 40th birthday of Walt's mouse, Mickey - was celebrated in 1968.
In simple words: The opposite of 'condemned' (criticized/judged negatively) is 'celebrated' (honored/praised), fitting for a birthday.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the context of the event (a birthday) to determine the most appropriate antonym for the underlined word.

Question 5. Mickey was the first successful outcome of Walt's brilliant reality.
Answer: Mickey was the first successful outcome of Walt's brilliant imagination.
In simple words: The opposite of 'reality' in this creative context is 'imagination,' as Mickey Mouse originated from Walt's creative mind.

🎯 Exam Tip: When dealing with artistic creation, recognize that 'imagination' is often the source, contrasting with 'reality.'

Question 6. Walt's 'crazy idea' of starting a Disneyland ! turned out to be a great failure.
Answer: Walt's 'crazy idea' of starting a Disneyland turned out to be a great success.
In simple words: The opposite of 'failure' in the context of a major project like Disneyland is 'success,' as it became a global landmark.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the historical impact of Disneyland to deduce that the antonym of 'failure' for this venture is 'success.'

Question 7. Walt's graphic telling of the fairy tale made the young Roy Edward remember all about - his measles.
Answer: Walt's graphic telling of the fairy tale made the young Roy Edward forget all about his measles.
In simple words: The opposite of 'remember' in this context is 'forget,' implying the tale captivated Roy enough to distract him from his ailment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the emotional impact of the fairy tale; if it made him forget, it implies deep engrossment.

Question 8. Walt's idea of starting an amusement park seemed to be a silly idea.
Answer: Walt's idea of starting an amusement park seemed to be a brilliant idea.
In simple words: The opposite of 'silly' is 'brilliant,' as Disneyland proved to be an incredibly successful and groundbreaking venture.

🎯 Exam Tip: Reflect on the outcome of Walt's idea to choose an antonym that accurately describes its eventual reception and impact.

3. Fill in the blanks with proper words from those given in the brackets.

(riveted, grinned, splash, hell-bent, nickel, extravagance, dissent, snuggling)

(1) Aditya is stubbornly determined to achieve his goals. He is ......... on fulfilling his dreams.
(2) Sonali drew close to her mother to receive; comfort and affection. She was ..........
(3) Riya gave a coin of five cents to her friend. The coin was a ..........
(4) The Alice cartoons could not display things much prominently. They could not create a ..........
(5) Everyone firmly fixed their eyes on the trick that the magician was performing on the stage. Their eyes were .......... on the magician.
(6) The children smiled broadly when they were given ice-cream. They .......... at the sight of the ice-cream.
Answer:
(1) hell-bent
(2) snuggling
(3) nickel
(4) splash
(5) riveted
(6) grinned
In simple words: This exercise tests vocabulary by matching appropriate words from a given list to complete sentences meaningfully.

🎯 Exam Tip: Read each sentence carefully to understand its context and the nuance required for the blank. Consider both the grammatical fit and the semantic meaning of each option.

4. Select the proper word from the brackets and use it at the proper place.

Example:
The town is surrounded by and has annually a large number of visitors. (nickels / orchards)
Answer:
The town is surrounded by orchards and has annually a large number of visitors.

Question 1. After school some students always around the building to talk to their friends, (linger / splash)
Answer: After school some students always linger around the building to talk to their friends.
In simple words: The correct word is 'linger,' meaning to stay around for a longer time, which fits the context of students talking after school.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the word that best describes the action and behavior of the subjects in the given context.

Question 2. He shows great for his work. (grin / enthusiasm)
Answer: He shows great enthusiasm for his work.
In simple words: The correct word is 'enthusiasm,' indicating strong interest and excitement towards his work.

🎯 Exam Tip: Select the word that clearly conveys the emotion or quality being described in relation to the work.

Question 3. Tom won the lottery, but went a year later. (bankrupt / industrious)
Answer: Tom won the lottery, but went bankrupt a year later.
In simple words: The correct word is 'bankrupt,' meaning he lost all his money, which is a common consequence after winning and mismanaging a lottery.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the cause-and-effect relationship implied in the sentence; winning a lottery but facing a negative outcome suggests financial ruin.

Question 4. Tom's cat against his leg. (snuggled / cranked)
Answer: Tom's cat snuggled against his leg.
In simple words: The correct word is 'snuggled,' describing a common affectionate behavior of a cat rubbing against a person's leg.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the word that accurately depicts the action and typical behavior of the animal in the given scenario.

Question 5. The play was a total, and was shut down after three days, (dissent/flop)
Answer: The play was a total flop, and was shut down after three days.
In simple words: The correct word is 'flop,' meaning a complete failure, which is why the play was shut down quickly.

🎯 Exam Tip: The consequence ("shut down after three days") strongly suggests a negative reception, making "flop" the appropriate choice.

Question 6. She at me when she came into the room. (grinned / riveted)
Answer: She grinned at me when she came into the room.
In simple words: 'Grinned' means to smile broadly, fitting the context of someone entering a room and acknowledging another person.

🎯 Exam Tip: Consider the typical human interaction when someone enters a room and looks at another person; a "grin" suggests a friendly or amused expression.

Question 7. If a film does not make good earning, how do the film critics react?
Answer: Criticism: If a film fails to generate sufficient revenue, film critics typically respond with criticism towards it.
In simple words: If a movie isn't profitable, film critics usually give it negative reviews, expressing their disapproval.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the role of film critics; their main function is to evaluate and comment, often critically, on a film's success or failure.

5. Find out a word from the text to answer the question. Write the word and use it in a sentence of your own.

Example:
Question 1.
Which qualities are required in a person in order to become successful ?
Answer:
Industrious : The industrious worker was able to finish the difficult task in just a few hours.
In simple words: 'Industrious' describes someone hardworking, which is a key quality for success, as shown by the worker finishing a difficult task quickly.

🎯 Exam Tip: When providing an example sentence, ensure it clearly demonstrates the meaning of the chosen word in a relevant context.

Question 2. What happens when a person spends more than his earnings ?
Answer: Bankrupt: A person becomes bankrupt when he spends more than his earnings.
In simple words: Spending more than one earns leads to bankruptcy, a state of financial ruin where a person can no longer pay their debts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Directly link the definition of 'bankrupt' to the action of overspending to show a clear understanding.

Question 3. What do you do when you are afraid ?
Answer: Desperate: When we are afraid, we became desperate to get rid of the danger.
In simple words: When afraid, people often become 'desperate' to escape danger, meaning they feel an urgent need to find a solution.

🎯 Exam Tip: The word 'desperate' highlights the intense emotional state and urgent need to resolve a threatening situation.

Question 4. What will people think about you if you consistently disagree with others?
Answer: Stubborn : If we consistently disagree with others, people will take us as stubborn.
In simple words: Constantly disagreeing makes people see you as 'stubborn,' implying an unwillingness to change your mind or compromise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain how consistent disagreement is perceived by others, leading to the label of 'stubbornness'.

Question 5. Where do you find a lot of fruits and vegetables ?
Answer: Farm: We find a lot of fruits and vegetables in a farm.
In simple words: A 'farm' is the primary place where a large quantity of fruits and vegetables are grown and harvested.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a concise and direct answer, identifying the most common location for agricultural produce.

Question 6. How will you react if you see your / favourite dish on your plate ?
Answer: A sudden radiant expression, or gleam, would appear on my face immediately upon seeing my favorite dish served.
In simple words: When you see your favorite food, your face lights up with joy.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on appropriate vocabulary to describe emotional responses for higher scores.

 

Question 7. If a film does not make good earning, how do the film critics react?
Answer: If a movie fails to generate substantial revenue, film critics will initiate critical commentary against it.
In simple words: If a movie doesn't make money, critics will speak negatively about it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use strong verbs like "trigger" or "initiate" to enhance descriptive answers.

 

6. Unscramble The Words In Part 'A' And Match It With The Description.

No.	Part 'A'	Description
Ex. 1.	UHLR (HURL) -F	(F) shout abuse
2.	ENELK	(E) go down on one's knees
3.	EASEC	(A) end
4.	EBONYG	(D) rudeness
5.	TPTERNA	(G) arrangement
6.	ITTERLG	(C) shine
7.	CINOLENES	(B) previous

Answer:
(1) HURL - shout abuse - (F)
(2) KNEEL - go down on one's knees - (E)
(3) CEASE - end - (A)
(4) BYGONE - previous - (B)
(5) PATTERN - arrangement - (G)
(6) GLITTER - shine - (C)
(7) INSOLENCE - rudeness - (D)
In simple words: This exercise involves decoding jumbled letters to form meaningful words and then matching them with their correct definitions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to word roots and common prefixes/suffixes when unscrambling to quickly identify the correct term and its meaning.

 

Answer The Questions Using Words From The Brackets.

 

Question 1. Where do you find the things like swords, daggers and spears ?
Answer: Swords, daggers, and spears are typically found on a battlefield.
In simple words: These weapons are found in war zones.

🎯 Exam Tip: For location-based questions, provide direct and concise answers.

 

Question 2. How does a teacher feel when his student s wins a prize ?
Answer: A teacher experiences pride when their student achieves success by winning a prize.
In simple words: Teachers feel proud when their students win awards.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use terms that convey emotions accurately, such as 'pride' in this context.

 

Question 3. Why does Rohan behave disrespectfully with his elders ?
Answer: Rohan exhibits disrespectful behavior towards his elders because he is insolent.
In simple words: Rohan is rude to his elders due to his insolence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Directly connect the behavior to the provided characteristic (insolence) for clarity.

 

Question 4. When can you concentrate and meditate properly ?
Answer: Effective concentration and meditation are best achieved in an environment of silence.
In simple words: You can focus and meditate well when it's quiet.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the condition necessary for the action as requested in the question.

 

Question 5. What are the different kinds of design called ?
Answer: Various forms of design are known as patterns.
In simple words: Different designs are called patterns.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the most appropriate and encompassing term for the concept in question.

 

Question 6. Why does Aditya behave humbly with everyone?
Answer: Aditya maintains a humble demeanor with everyone because he is wise.
In simple words: Aditya is humble because he is wise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link the character trait directly to the reason provided in the question.

 

Question 7. Who thinks of becoming a successful person in future ?
Answer: A dreamer envisions themselves as a successful individual in the future.
In simple words: Someone who dreams big wants to be successful later.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the subject associated with the stated ambition.

 

Question 8. Why are the diamonds looking amazing ?
Answer: The diamonds appear astonishing due to their glittering quality.
In simple words: Diamonds look amazing because they glitter.

🎯 Exam Tip: Provide a concise reason that directly answers the 'why' in the question.

 

8. Find Antonyms Of These Words From The Text. Frame Sentences Of Your Own Using The Antonyms.

Example : recent x bygone
Answer: We always remember our bygone days.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'numerable' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'numerable' is 'innumerable'.
Sentence: Innumerable ants feasted on the dead body of the snake lying near the ant hill.
In simple words: 'Innumerable' means too many to count.

🎯 Exam Tip: When finding antonyms, consider words with opposite prefixes or entirely different roots that convey the reverse meaning.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'dull' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'dull' is 'fillip'.
Sentence: The advertising company gave much-needed fillip to the sales.
In simple words: 'Fillip' means a stimulus or boost, opposite of something being dull or lacking interest.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explore less common synonyms and antonyms to broaden vocabulary and demonstrate strong language skills.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'began' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'began' is 'finished'.
Sentence: The campers finished their assignment after a long struggle.
In simple words: 'Finished' means completed, which is the opposite of started.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure the antonym you choose fits grammatically and contextually within your new sentence.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'stupidity' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'stupidity' is 'wisdom'.
Sentence: His handling of the meeting displayed his wisdom.
In simple words: 'Wisdom' is the opposite of lack of intelligence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Select antonyms that represent a clear and distinct opposition to the given word's meaning.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'respect' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'respect' is 'insolence'.
Sentence: The teacher informed the parents that their word's insolence was intolerable.
In simple words: 'Insolence' means rude or disrespectful behavior.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose antonyms that reflect a direct contrast in social conduct or regard.

 

Question. Find the antonym for 'illiterate' and use it in a sentence.
Answer: The antonym for 'illiterate' is 'well-read'.
Sentence: He is a well-read person.
In simple words: 'Well-read' means having read a lot and being knowledgeable.

🎯 Exam Tip: Opt for antonyms that capture the inverse educational or knowledge state.

 

Function

1. Read These Conversations And Try To Understand The Use Of The Underlined Words:

(a) Mr Khan: What do you want as your birthday gift, beta?
Zoya : Whatever you want to give.
Mr Khan: I want to buy that smart phone for you.
Zoya: But it may be too costly for you to buy.
Mr Khan: Don't worry, I have money enough to get it for you, dear.
Zoya: That mobile is too large to look beautiful. (The smaller, the better.)
Mr Khan: Hmmm. Look at the one next to it. It seems delicate enough for you ? to have it.
Zoya: Yaaah. But, it's too fragile for me to handle as I do a lot of commuting for my study.
Papa, see that on the left. This one looks sturdy enough to keep with.
Mr Khan: Ok, then. I have read the price on the tag. It isn't that costly. Shall we go for it?
Zoya : Thank you, pa.
Mr Khan : You're smarter than that phone.

(b) Manan: Hey, buddy. Did you watch the IPL match yesterday?
Shreyansh : Yes. I am cricket crazy, you know. Kohli played the game marvellously enough to make his team win.
Manan: It was a glorious game indeed. It was too difficult for any bowler to send him to the pavilion.
Shreyansh: Gayle also made a rocking half century. This time, he was calm enough to play sensibly.
Manan: Oh yes, I liked his game too. The bowlers made the ball too short-pitched to control the batsmen.
Shreyansh: Earlier the team's run-rate was too slow to chase but later in the game, this duo turned the tables.
Manan: As a captain, his strategy was well- thought-out enough to lead the team towards victory.

(c) Mrs Mehta: Where are you going now, beta ?
It's time to study.
Salil: I have told you many times not to ask every now and then.
Mrs Mehta: But, you see, it's already too late to begin for preparation of exams.
Salil: I have done my preparation enough to get good score in exams, mom.
Mrs Mehta: And you also waste your time using your cell phone and all. Don't be too distracted at this juncture of time.
Salil: Ohh, mom. You are too over-caring to understand me.
Mrs Mehta: Don't blame on me. Due to your wandering with your friends, you have become overconfident enough to ignore all our advices.
Salil: Not at all, mama. I need to go now.
Mrs Mehta: Come back early. Take care.

 

Question. Read the conversation and fill in the gaps with appropriate options given in the brackets.
(After counsellors' meeting with Mr and Mrs Mehta and Salil individually)
Counsellor : Hi, buddy. What's going on?
Salil: Fine, Sir.
Mrs Mehta: I am fine too.
Counsellor: Dear Salil, you are too stubborn to accept the reality.
Salil: Ohh, is it so ? Am I not mature enough to take decisions by my own?
Counsellor : Yes, you are but your parents are well-experienced enough to guide you in proper direction.
Mr Mehta: You see, Salil. You are too immature to think beyond the limits. We want you to be responsible now.
Counsellor: See, your parents are right. But Mrs and Mr Mehta, you are also too possessive to understand him fully.
Mrs Mehta: What! Really ? What should we do now?
Counsellor: You must be patient enough to listen to your kid's problems. You should [BLANK]
(Options: you also need to be cool enough to convince your parents nicely, your parents are well-experienced enough to guide you, you are also too possessive to understand him fully, you are too stubborn to accept the reality)
Answer: The blank should be filled with: need to be cool enough to convince your parents nicely.
In simple words: The counsellor advises that being calm and reasonable is important to persuade parents.

🎯 Exam Tip: When filling blanks in a dialogue, choose the option that best maintains the flow, tone, and logical progression of the conversation.

 

Raise your arguments, but not your voice.
All: Thanks. We will follow your advice.

 

2. Read Examples And Notice The True And False Statements As Meanings Given Below Them.

Ex. 1 (a)
This mobile phone is too costly for an ordinary rickshaw driver to buy.
(1) It is very cheap. - False
(2) It is very costly but he can buy it. - False
(3) It is very costly and he cannot buy it. - True

Ex. 1 (b)
This mobile phone is not costly enough for a middle class worker to buy.
(1) He can afford it. - True
(2) It is very costly but he can buy it. - False
(3) It is very cheap and he cannot buy it. - False

Ex. 2 (a)
This mobile phone looks delicate enough for a young girl to have it.
(1) It looks very much delicate so that she cannot have it. - False
(2) It looks very much delicate so that she can have it. - True
(3) It does not look very delicate so she can't have it. - False
(4) The girl has sufficient money to buy this phone. - True

Ex. 2 (b)
This mobile phone looks too delicate for a truck driver to have it.
(1) It looks very much delicate so that he will have it. - False
(2) It looks very much delicate so that he will not have it. - True
(3) It does not look very delicate so he can't have it. - False
(4) Drivers don't like/can't buy such delicate phones. - True

 

Now, Read The Sentences Taken From F. 1. Write True For The Options With Similar Meanings.

(1) Kohli was calm enough to play sensibly.
(a) He was very much calm so he played sensibly. - True

 

(c) He was not calm so he played sensibly.
(d) He was quite sensible therefore he played calmly.

 

Question. The team's run rate was too slow to chase the winning score. Which statement has a similar meaning?
Answer: (c) The team's run rate was very slow so they could not chase the winning score. - True
(a) The team's run rate was very slow so that they could chase the winning score.
(b) The team's run rate was not very slow to chase the winning score.
(d) The team won the match due to their fast play.
In simple words: A run rate that is 'too slow' means it was insufficient to reach the target score.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify the statement that correctly expresses the negative consequence implied by 'too slow'.

 

Question. Mother is too over-caring to understand Salil. Which statement has a similar meaning?
Answer: (b) She is so over-caring that she doesn't understand him. - True
(a) She is not over-caring to understand him.
(c) She is so over-caring that she understands him.
(d) Due to pampering by his mother, Salil feels that he is not understood well by her.
In simple words: 'Too over-caring' implies that her care level prevents her from truly comprehending Salil.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand that 'too' often implies a negative outcome or limitation; look for answers that reflect this.

 

Question. Salil also needs to be cool enough to convince his parents nicely. Which statement has a similar meaning?
Answer: (b) He must be cool so that he can convince his parents nicely. - True
(a) He must be cool so that he can't convince his parents nicely.
(c) He must not be cool to convince his parents nicely.
(d) He must lose his temper to make his parents understand him.
In simple words: 'Enough' implies the necessary amount or quality to achieve a positive outcome.

🎯 Exam Tip: Recognize that 'enough' expresses sufficiency for a desired result; choose the option that shows this positive correlation.

 

3. Match 'A' With 'B' Tick Mark The Sentence Similar In Meaning.

 

Question. For the statement "(a) Due to his poor result, John was too sad to say a word," select the option with similar meaning.

(1) He was so sad that he didn't/couldn't speak a word.
(2) He was so sad that he said many words.

Answer: (1) He was so sad that he didn't/couldn't speak a word.
In simple words: This question tests understanding of phrases conveying similar meaning.

🎯 Exam Tip: When matching sentences, always check for precise semantic equivalence, especially with negative constructions or intensifiers like 'too' and 'so'.

 

Question. For the statement "(b) Vedant is too aggressive to listen to his parents," select the option with similar meaning.

(1) He is so aggressive that he doesn't like to listen to his parents.
(2) He is so aggressive that he always listens to his parents.

Answer: (1) He is so aggressive that he doesn't like to listen to his parents.
In simple words: The intensity of Vedant's aggression prevents him from being receptive to his parents' words.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to how 'too...to' implies a negative consequence or inability in the rewritten sentence.

 

Question. For the statement "(c) Samir's dance performance was impressive enough to win the audience's hearts," select the option with similar meaning.

(1) His performance could not win the audience's hearts.
(2) His performance was so impressive that he could win the audience's hearts.

Answer: (2) His performance was so impressive that he could win the audience's hearts.
In simple words: Samir's dance was sufficiently impressive to capture the audience's admiration.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure that 'enough to' is correctly translated into a positive outcome using 'so...that'.

 

Answer: (a) → (1) (b) → (1) (c) → (2)

 

Write Sentences Without Changing The Meaning And Without Using 'Too' Or 'Enough':

 

Question 1. The good fortune was too good to last.
Answer: The good fortune was so good that it did not last.
In simple words: The good luck was so great that it ended quickly.

🎯 Exam Tip: When rephrasing 'too...to', convert it to 'so...that' emphasizing the consequence.

 

Question 2. Every kid isn't fortunate enough to have I a bicycle of his own.
Answer: Not every child is so fortunate that they can possess their own bicycle.
In simple words: Not all children are lucky enough to own a bicycle.

🎯 Exam Tip: Transform 'enough to' into 'so...that' while maintaining the original meaning, including any negative connotations.

 

4. Read The Situation And The Two Options. Give Your Advice By Writing 'Yes' Or 'No' With A Reason Using 'Too' Or 'Enough'. An Example Is Given For You.

Example: Mayank earns Rs. 7000 per month,
(a) Should he buy a mobile phone worth Rs. 10,000 ? (No)
Reason: The mobile phone is too costly for him to buy.
(b) Can he pay Rs. 200 as his birthday party bill ? (Yes)
Reason: Mayank has money enough to pay his bill.

 

Question. Ilyas has scored 52 percent in HSC Science Stream with B Group. Can he get admission in medical field? (No)
Answer: No. Reason: He has not scored high enough to get admission in the medical field.
In simple words: His score is too low for medical admission.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'not enough' or 'too low' when the condition is insufficient for the desired outcome.

 

Question. Ilyas has scored 52 percent in HSC Science Stream with B Group. Can he get admission in B.Sc. ? (Yes)
Answer: Yes. Reason: He has secured marks high enough to get admission in B.Sc.
In simple words: His score is sufficient for B.Sc. admission.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'enough high' or 'sufficient' when the condition meets the requirement for a positive outcome.

 

Question. Vedant is sitting in a local train to reach Mumbai urgently. Will he reach there as early as expected ? (No)
Answer: No. Reason : The train is too slow to reach there as early as expected.
In simple words: The train is so slow that he won't arrive on time.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the negative impact of the condition ('too slow') on the desired outcome.

 

Question. Vedant is sitting in a local train to reach Mumbai urgently. Should he take a superfast train to reach there earlier ? (Yes)
Answer: Yes. Reason: He should take a train fast enough to reach there earlier.
In simple words: A faster train would get him there sooner.

🎯 Exam Tip: Suggest the appropriate action that provides a sufficient condition ('fast enough') for the desired outcome.

 

Question. Vinayak books cabs, tickets and pays bills through online banking. Is it advisable enough for him to write the password in his diary? (No)
Answer: No. Reason: It is not safe enough for him to write the password in his diary.
In simple words: Writing passwords in a diary is unsafe.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state why an action is not advisable, linking it to a lack of 'safety' or 'security'.

 

Question. Vinayak books cabs, tickets and pays bills through online banking. Should he motivate his friends for online banking ? (Yes)
Answer: Yes. Reason: He should motivate his friends for online banking because it is convenient enough.
In simple words: Online banking is convenient, so he should encourage friends to use it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the positive aspect ('convenient enough') that justifies the recommended action.

 

5. Complete The Paragraph Using Proper Words / Phrases From The Brackets. Use Capital Letters Where Needed :

(excellent, they, he, to excel, too, has won, that, clever, enough, she, his, her, such)

Heer is my student ........... is clever ........... to answer any question. She is an extraordinarily clever student. On the contrary,.......... brother Neel is not .......... a student like her. .......... is .......... dull .......... in any exam. But he is a good sports person. He is so .......... in sports .......... he .......... many competitions .......... attitude remains positive about health and life. Though they are good at different activities,.......... help each other.

 

Answer: Heer is my student. She is clever enough to answer any question. She is an extraordinarily clever student. On the contrary, her brother Neel is not such a clever student as she is. He is too dull to excel in any exam. But he is a good sports person. He is so excellent in sports that he has won many competitions. His attitude remains positive about health and life. Though they are good at different activities, they help each other.
In simple words: The paragraph contrasts Heer's academic brilliance with Neel's sports excellence, showing how both siblings, despite different strengths, support each other.

🎯 Exam Tip: When filling blanks, read the surrounding sentences to ensure contextual and grammatical accuracy, especially with pronouns and adverbs of degree.

 

We went for a long walk in the evening. After a while, Jenish was too tired to walk further. He had to hire a cab. Unfortunately, none had any money and we had forgotten to bring any ATM cards with us. We became too frustrated to think of any option. Luckily, one of our friends - Muneer appeared and he gave us money. Jenish was too happy to express his feelings. He was too overjoyed not to hug our friend - Muneer.

 

Rewrite The Above Paragraph Without Using 'Too' And 'Enough'. See That The Meaning Doesn't Change.

We went for a long walk in the evening. After a while Jenish was so tired that he could not walk any further. He had to hire a cab. Unfortunately, none had any money and we had forgotten to bring any ATM cards with us. We became so frustrated that we could not think of any option. Luckily one of our friends - Muneer appeared and he gave us money. Jenish was so happy that he could not express his feelings. He was so overjoyed that he hugged our friend - Muneer.

 

7. Read This Dialogue. Pay Attention To The Underlined Words.

Ami: Hi, dear. I was waiting for you the whole day. You didn't come online then.
Ravi : Sorry, yaar. I was so busy with the project that I could not spare time.
Ami: Oh, really. Good excuse. You are so smart that you can convince anybody.
Ravi: Is it so ? Thanks then.
Ami: But .... You can't convince me as I am not so innocent that I will accept what you say.
Ravi: Ok Baba. Will be online tonight.

 

This Time, Use 'Too' And 'Enough' And Rewrite The Statements Without Changing The Meaning.
Answer:
Ami: Hi dear. I was waiting for you the whole day. You didn't come online then.
Ravi: Sorry, yaar. I was too busy with the project to spare time.
Ami: Oh, really. Good excuse. You are smart enough to convince anybody.
Ravi: Is it so ? Thanks then.
Ami: But... you can't convince me as I am not innocent enough to accept what you say.
Ravi: Ok Baba. Will be online tonight.
In simple words: This exercise demonstrates how to rephrase sentences using 'too' and 'enough' to convey the same meaning as 'so...that' constructions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice converting sentences between 'so...that' and 'too/enough' forms to master conveying intensity and sufficiency without altering the original message.

 

Write The Sentences Using 'Such ... That' You Can Add A Suitable Noun.

(1) Jenish was so tired that he could not walk further.
Jenish was such a tired boy that he could not walk further.

(2) The park is so beautiful that people visit it every now and then.
It is such a beautiful park that people visit it every now and then.

 

Question. Rewrite the sentence "You are too young a boy to cast your vote" using 'such...that'.
Answer: You are such a young boy that you cannot cast your vote.
In simple words: Your age makes you ineligible to vote.

🎯 Exam Tip: When converting from 'too...to' to 'such...that', ensure the noun phrase ("such a young boy") is correctly placed, and the negative consequence ("cannot cast") is clearly stated.

 

Question. Rewrite the sentence "He is so old a person that the driving license cannot be issued" using 'such...that'.
Answer: You are such an old person that the driving licence cannot be issued.
In simple words: Due to his advanced age, he cannot get a driving license.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember to include an appropriate noun ("person") after 'such an old' when restructuring the sentence.

 

Question. Rewrite the sentence "Meera was bold enough to slap that eve-teaser" using 'such...that'.
Answer: Meera was such a bold person that she slapped the eve-teaser.
In simple words: Meera's immense courage led her to slap the eve-teaser.

🎯 Exam Tip: The 'enough to' construction implies a positive quality leading to an action; reflect this effectively with 'such...that'.

 

Question. Rewrite the sentence "His result was so nice that he got admission in that college" using 'such...that'.
Answer: He got such a nice result that he will get admission in that college.
In simple words: His excellent grades guaranteed him college admission.

🎯 Exam Tip: Maintain the positive outcome when converting 'so...that' to 'such...that', ensuring the noun ("result") is appropriately modified.

 

9. Read The Questions And Complete The Answers Using The Word/S Given In The Brackets Using 'Too', 'Enough', 'So... That'.

Example: Will you join us for the dinner tonight ?
Anwer: No, I am busy enough not to join you. (busy)

 

Question 1. Did the children play on that road ?
Answer: No, that road was too dusty to play. (dusty)
In simple words: The road had too much dust for children to play safely.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'too...to' to express a negative condition that prevents an action.

 

Question 2. Should Medhavi work hard for the next exam ?
Answer: Yes, her result in the first exam was dull enough. No, her result in the first exam was dull enough. No, her result in the first exam was too dull. (dull)
In simple words: She needs to study harder because her previous result was poor.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using 'enough' with a negative adjective like 'dull', ensure it conveys the intended inadequacy. (Correction: The original answer has 'was enough dull', which is grammatically awkward. 'was too dull' or 'was dull enough to require hard work' would be better. I will use 'was too dull' for clarity.)

 

Question 3. Can that machine be operated by this operator ?
Answer: No, the machine is too rusty to be operated. (rusty)
In simple words: The machine is excessively rusty, making it inoperable.

🎯 Exam Tip: The 'too...to' construction is effective for indicating a prohibitive condition.

 

Question 4. Should Vivek ride his bike slowly ?
Answer: Yes, there is too much traffic not to get hurt. (traffic, hurt)
In simple words: Due to heavy traffic, he should ride slowly to avoid injury.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the reason and consequence clearly when advising a course of action.

 

Question 5. Do you visit banks for money transactions ?
Answer: Generally I don't, as online banking is convenient enough. (convenient)
In simple words: I prefer online banking due to its sufficient convenience.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'convenient enough' to express that a condition is adequate for a preference or choice.

 

10. Compose A Paragraph On Each Situation Using 'Too', 'Enough', 'So ... That', 'Such ... That', Etc.

(a) Shashank wants to sell his old vehicle on OLX. He has to describe his vehicle for getting better selling price.
Answer: I have an old car. Its brand name is Fiat. It is too strong not to bear weight on its top. It is spacious enough to accommodate five persons. The engine is in so good condition that one can travel 400 km without stopping. The tyres are strong enough to run long distance without getting heated. The focus of the head light is too bright not to clear darkness for at least 1 km. Its sky blue colour is too good to miss attracting one's attention. It is such a good car that one would not regret spending money on it.

(b) Two friends converse praising their pet animals. Write a dialogue.
Answer: Dhruv: Rocky is my pet dog. It is too strong. It is courageous enough to keep thieves away.
Ruthvij: Harry my pet dog is too small to keep thieves away. But it is playful enough by nature.
Dhruv: Dogs are meant to watch the house. They should be ferocious enough to keep the strangers away.
Ruthvij: My dog is too attractive not to draw the attention of a passer-by.
Dhruv: My dog keeps the unwanted people away.

 

11. (A) Work In Groups Of Six Or Seven. Match A With B And Write At Least Four Sentences

Example: smooth-hilly to walk
(1) This road was smooth enough to walk.
(2) The road was so smooth that they could walk properly.
(3) It was such a smooth road that they could walk properly.
(4) This road was too hilly for them to walk comfortably
(5) This road was so hilly that they could not walk comfortably.
(6) It was such a hilly road that they could not walk comfortably.

 

'A'	'B'
1. rich-poor	to carry
2. tall-short	to run fast
3. dull-clever	to catch a bus
4. fat-thin	to answer the questions
5. heavy-light	to reach the shelf
6. slow-fast	to pay fees

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'rich-poor' with 'to pay fees'.
Answer:
(1) Bhalchandra is too rich not to pay his fees.
(2) Gurprit is so rich that he cannot pay his fees.
(3) Bhalchandra is rich enough to pay the fees.
(4) For Gurprit it was such a difficult task that he could not take care of his fees.
In simple words: This section demonstrates various grammatical constructions using 'too', 'so...that', 'enough', and 'such...that' to link the concepts of wealth and fee payment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice forming sentences using different grammatical structures like 'too...to', 'so...that', 'enough...to', and 'such...that' to convey the same meaning effectively.

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'tall-short' with 'to reach the shelf'.
Answer:
(1) He is not so tall that he can reach the shelf.
(2) He is too short to reach the shelf.
(3) The shelf was not so high for the tall boy that he could not reach easily.
(4) The boy was tall enough to reach the shelf.
In simple words: This section illustrates how different constructions describe the challenge or ability to reach a shelf based on height.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using 'tall-short' for 'reaching', ensure the phrases correctly express the ability or inability to perform the action.

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'dull-clever' with 'to answer the questions'.
Answer:
(1) He was too dull to answer the questions.
(2) He was not clever enough to answer the questions.
(3) The student was clever enough to answer the questions.
(4) He was such a clever student that he could answer questions easily.
In simple words: This section shows how to use varying grammatical structures to describe someone's intellectual capacity for answering questions.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose adjectives like 'dull' or 'clever' carefully to ensure they align with the intended ability or lack thereof in the sentence.

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'fat-thin' with 'to run fast'.
Answer:
(1) The competitor was too fat to run fast.
(2) The competitor was thin enough to run fast.
(3) The competitor was so fat that he could not run fast.
(4) The competitor was such a thin person that he could easily run fast.
In simple words: This section demonstrates how physical attributes like body size affect one's speed using different grammatical structures.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to the distinction between 'too' (negative implication) and 'enough' (sufficiency) when describing physical capabilities.

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'heavy-light' with 'to carry'.
Answer:
(1) The luggage was too heavy for the traveller to carry.
(2) The bag was so light that the student could easily carry it.
(3) The victim of the accident was light enough to be carried to the hospital.
(4) It was such a heavy coffin that even six persons could not carry it.
In simple words: This section illustrates how various grammatical structures describe the ease or difficulty of carrying objects based on their weight.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use 'too...to' for impossibility, 'so...that' for cause-and-effect, and 'enough to' for sufficiency in conveying weight-related actions.

 

Question. Form sentences matching 'slow-fast' with 'to catch a bus'.
Answer:
(1) The bus was running too fast for the boy to catch it.
(2) The thief was so slow that he could not catch the bus to escape.
(3) The boy ran fast enough to catch the bus.
(4) He ran with such a slow speed that he was not able to catch the bus.
In simple words: This section demonstrates using 'too', 'so...that', 'enough', and 'such...that' to describe a person's speed relative to catching a bus.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on whether the speed is a limiting factor ('too slow', 'too fast') or an enabling factor ('fast enough') for the action.

 

(B) Read The Sentences. Fill In The Blanks With Names From Your Own Class.

(a) Suresh / Sidhi is so friendly that he / she can make new friends easily.
(b) Gaurav is kind enough to help even a stranger.
(c) Nirmal is too introvert to communicate with any.
(d) Gautam / Geeta has such a beautiful handwriting that he/she is liked by all teachers.
You must be having some students with the qualities mentioned here. Identify those students and frame sentences as given in F. 11 (B).
(clever, helpful, extrovert, tall, strong, proactive, understanding, punctual, polite, adjusting, co-operative and more)

 

Answer:
(1) Narendra is too clever to indulge in foolish activities.
(2) Pranav is helpful enough to look after the poor.
(3) Jignesh is extrovert enough to give a stage performance.
In simple words: This exercise provides examples of using 'too' and 'enough' to describe student traits in sentences.

🎯 Exam Tip: When constructing sentences with 'too' and 'enough', ensure the chosen adjective and the subsequent clause logically connect to illustrate the degree of the trait.

12. Read the pairs of sentences and determine if they are similar in meaning. If not, rewrite the second sentence to align its meaning with the first.

Question 1. Dhanpura is too small as a village for a bank to open its branch here. Dhanpura is such a small village that any bank will open its branch here.
Answer: Dhanpura is such a small village that no bank will establish a branch there.

In simple words: The village's modest size prevents any bank from opening a branch there, implying it is too small to be viable for banking operations.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on accurately conveying the implied meaning of the initial sentence when rewriting to ensure similarity in context, especially with 'too' and 'such a...that' constructions.

Question 2. The maintenance of this bike is low enough to attract more buyers. This maintenance-free bike doesn't attract any buyers.
Answer: This maintenance-free bike attracts more buyers.

In simple words: The bike's minimal maintenance cost is a positive feature, making it appealing to a larger customer base.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to affirmative and negative connotations when judging similarity. "Low enough to attract" implies a positive outcome, which should be reflected in the rewritten sentence.

Question 3. She is not fast enough to win the race in Khel Mahakumbh. Hemangini is such a fast runner that she will win the race in Khel Mahakumbh.
Answer: Hemangini is fast enough to win the race in Khel Mahakumbh.

In simple words: Hemangini possesses the necessary speed and agility to secure victory in the Khel Mahakumbh race.

🎯 Exam Tip: When evaluating speed or ability, ensure the rewritten statement clearly indicates the capacity to achieve the stated goal, matching the original sentence's intent.

Question 4. APJ Abdul Kalam had such an effective personality that people still love him. People still love Dr Kalam for his charismatic personality.
Answer: People still cherish Dr. Kalam because of his charismatic personality.

In simple words: Dr. Kalam's influential and appealing personality is the enduring reason why people continue to hold deep affection for him.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on synonyms that maintain the emotional and descriptive impact of the original words like "effective" and "charismatic" to ensure the meaning remains consistent.

Writing

Question 1. Describe your favourite cartoon series in about 100 words. You can use these points. (Name of the show-main character – creator of the show – storyline / theme-Why do you like it?)
Answer: "Mickey Mouse" holds a special place as my favorite cartoon series, and it is widely enjoyed by many others. The central figure of the show is an iconic mouse. This celebrated series and its titular character were brought to life by Walt Disney, a person known for his exceptional imagination and diligence. Despite encountering setbacks, he persistently worked to innovate, creating content that could delight both children and adults alike. The core narrative of the show consistently depicts the mouse as clever enough to overcome challenges. It frequently shows him evading numerous attempts by his adversaries to harm him. The series is beloved by everyone because it generates humor and amusement through its ingenious activities. It is quite unique, very active, and undeniably clever. Walt Disney's creative vision for the series has earned widespread admiration.

In simple words: Mickey Mouse is my favorite because Walt Disney's imaginative and persistent efforts created a clever, humorous, and engaging series that entertains all ages, showcasing the mouse's ingenuity.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a favorite series, ensure to cover all specified points—name, main character, creator, storyline/theme, and personal reasons for liking it—to provide a comprehensive answer.

Question 2. Draw or Paste an image of your favourite Walt Disney cartoon character, and write a note answering these questions.
Answer:
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह अनुभाग छात्रों को वॉल्ट डिज़्नी के पसंदीदा कार्टून चरित्र का चित्र बनाने या चिपकाने और उससे संबंधित प्रश्नों के उत्तर देने का निर्देश देता है। यह छात्रों को चरित्र से उनकी पहली मुलाकात, जिस माध्यम से वे उससे परिचित हुए, और चरित्र के गुणों के बारे में व्यक्तिगत विचारों को व्यक्त करने के लिए प्रोत्साहित करता है।
(i) I encountered this character at a very young age.
(ii) I became familiar with this character through books. A friend from my childhood introduced me to it.
(iii) I appreciate the adventures this character undertakes. However, I dislike how my brother always wants the last piece of cheese, even if I desire it too.
(iv) I share a trait of being persistent; my brother and I both tried to get the cheese, and I succeeded.
(v) I appreciate the adventures depicted by this character. When guests arrived, my mother requested that my brothers and I refrain from eating a piece of cheese. One of my brothers also desired the piece, just as I did. Both of us made efforts to obtain the piece, and ultimately, I succeeded in getting it for myself.

In simple words: My first interaction with the character was in early childhood through books, introduced by a friend. I enjoy its adventures and identify with its persistence.

🎯 Exam Tip: When responding to questions about a character, ensure to provide specific details about your introduction to it, the medium, aspects you like or dislike, and any personal connections or similar traits you identify with, backed by a brief incident if required.

Question 3. Ask Walt a question. As a newspaper reporter if you want to ask five interview questions to Walt Disney, what would they be ?
Answer: As a reporter, if I had the chance to interview Walt Disney, these would be my five questions:
(1) What inspired you to choose a mouse as your signature character, rather than any other creature?
(2) What made you believe that creating Mickey Mouse would lead to such overwhelming success?
(3) Did you envision Disneyland as a long-term dream project, or was it initially just an experiment?
(4) If you were tasked with developing another dream project today, what kind of venture would you pursue?
(5) Do you think Mickey Mouse is portrayed in various media today in a way that aligns with your original vision?

In simple words: My questions would explore Walt Disney's creative choices, expectations of success, vision for Disneyland, future project ideas, and thoughts on Mickey Mouse's current portrayal.

🎯 Exam Tip: When formulating interview questions, aim for open-ended queries that encourage detailed responses and cover a range of topics including inspiration, vision, challenges, and future perspectives.

Activity

1. Students are encouraged to visit specific websites to learn more about Disney and his imaginative world. The suggested sites are:
(a) http://thewaltdisneycompany.com
(b) www.waltdisney.org
The task is to discover interesting facts not mentioned in Read – 1 and present them as a presentation or chart in class.

Note: Students will gather this information by browsing the internet and then prepare a presentation. They will present their findings or chart using PowerPoint in their classroom.

Shaper Shaped Summary In Gujarati

પરિચય કવિશ્રી હરીન્દ્રનાથ ચટ્ટોપાધ્યાય દ્વારા રચાયેલું આ કાવ્ય આપણી કેટલીક શરૂઆતની, અણસમજણની માન્યતાઓ અને કાળક્રમે સાચી વાતનું ભાન થતાં તેમાં આવેલા બદલાવની સૂચક વાત કરે છે. આવી ચાર ઘટનાઓ અહીં નિરૂપાઈ છે.

• એક સમયે ‘હું માટીને ધારું તેમ ઘડી શકું એવો વહેમ ધરાવતો કુંભાર સમય જતાં સ્વીકારે છે કે હું એ ‘ઘડવૈયો નથી, પણ માત્ર ઘડાનાર માટી' જ છું.

• એક સમયે ‘મારા શબ્દ સામર્થ્યથી માનવ-મનને સ્પર્શી જનાર અગણિત ગીત (કાવ્ય) રચી શકું' એવા નશામાં મહાલતા કવિને નવું જ્ઞાન લાધતાં એ સ્વીકારવા મજબૂર થઈ જાય છે કે હું ગીત (કાવ્ય)નો રચનાર નહિ, પરંતુ રચાનાર ગીત પોતે જ છું.

• ‘હું સેંકડો યુદ્ધભૂમિમાં ઝળહળતી ફતેહનું કારણ બને એવી તલવારો બનાવી શકું છું.' એવા વ્યર્થ અભિમાનમાં રાચતો તલવારનો ઘડનાર ઈશ્વરના મૌનનો સાક્ષી બને છે ત્યારે માનવા લાગે છે કે “તલવાર ઘડનાર હું નથી, હું તો ઘડાનાર તલવાર માત્ર છું.’

• વીતેલાં વર્ષોમાં હીરામોતીનાં સપનાંમાં આળોટનારને ઈશ્વરના સાનિધ્યમાં એ વાત સમજાઈ ચૂકી છે. મારાં સપનાં એ માત્ર સપનાં જ છે, સપનાં જોનાર માટે એમનું સાકાર થવું લગભગ અશક્ય છે. આમ, આ કાવ્યમાં ઈશ્વરની વિરાટ શક્તિની સામે ગર્વમાં રાચનાર માનવ કોઈ જ મહત્ત્વ ધરાવતો નથી એવી સભાનતા આણવાનો પ્રયાસ થયો છે.

Glossary (શબ્દાર્થ)

mould (v.): form a shape.
yielding (adj.): soft, flexible, pliable.
cease (v.): stop.
innumerable (adj.): many, in uncountable numbers.
fashioner (n.): maker.
glitter (v.): sparkle, show glamour.
gleam (v.): appear suddenly like a flash of light.
shone (v. & p.t. of shine): cast the beam or glow of light.
bygone (adj.): passed.
hurl (v.): fling, throw with great force.
insolence (n.): arrogance, rudeness.
emerald (n.): a clear green gem.
pearl (n.): a yellowish white stone/gem.

Phrase

brim with: overflow with something.

ભાષાંતર

ભૂતકાળમાં, હું
એક કુંભકાર હતો (અને) માનતો હતો કે
મારી આંગળીઓ લચીલી માટીને
ચાકડા પર જુદા જુદા ઘાટ આપી શકે છે;
પરંતુ હવે, પાછળથી પ્રાપ્ત ડહાપણથી (જાણ્યું કે),
એ ગર્વ ઊતરી ગયો છે;
હું હવે ધડવૈયો મટી ગયો છું
અને માટી બનવાનું શીખી લીધું છે.
ગત દિવસોમાં,
હું એક કવિ હતો જેની
કલમમાંથી અસંખ્ય કાવ્યો (ગીતો) ઊતરતાં રહેતાં
કે જેમનાથી માનવોનાં દિલ જીતી લેવાતાં;
પણ હવે, નવા લાધેલા જ્ઞાનથી,
કે જે અત્યાર સુધી લાધ્યું નહોતું,

હું કવિ મટી ગયો છું
અને કાવ્ય (ગીત) બનવાનું શીખી લીધું છે.

હું એ સમયે એક કુશળ તલવાર ઘડનાર હતો |
(જોકે) હવે એ (દિવસો) વહી ગયા છે
જે (તલવારો) સેંકડો યુદ્ધભૂમિ પર,
ઝબકી છે, ચમકી છે (વિજયપ્રાપ્તિનું સાધન બની છે);
પણ હવે મારામાં છલકાય છે.
ઈશ્વરની (ભેટરૂપ) એ શાંતિ, કે (આજે)
હું તલવાર ઘડનાર મટી ચૂક્યો છું અને (મું)
શીખી લીધું છે તલવાર બનવાનું.
વીતેલાં (એ) વર્ષોમાં, હું સ્વગ્નોમાં રાચતો રહેતો અને મારો
(પેલાં) નીલમ અને મોતીઓના માલિક હોવાનો
ધમંડ સતત ઊભરાતો રહેતો;
પણ હવે હું ઘૂંટણિયે પડું છું
એ સર્વશક્તિમાનનાં ચરણોમાં
હું (હવે) એ સ્વપ્નોમાં રાચનાર મટી ગયો છું.
અને (મું) સ્વપ્ન બનવાનું શીખી લીધું છે. -– હરીન્દ્રનાથ ચટ્ટોપાધ્યાય