GSEB Class 12 English Solutions Unit 1 Read 2 Sunrise on the Kangchenjunga

Comprehension

Question 1. After reading this poem silently, close your eyes for a while and visualize the beauty of the mountain in the early morning. Describe your mental picture of Kangchenjunga in short sentences, phrases and words.
Answer: As I envision the scene, a majestic mountain comes into view. White clouds gently ascend its slopes. Towards the east, the sun emerges, enveloped in a radiant purple hue. The snow-clad peaks of the Himalayan range shimmer with a pristine white light, emanating a sense of tranquility and peace. They appear exquisitely beautiful, adorned in their luminous white attire, as they bask in the golden light on the horizon.
Morning dew can be observed, alongside various shifting, moist color-shades that seem to adorn the snowy mountain peaks. The sun, positioned beyond the hills, gives the impression of tenderly embracing them, with its loving light lingering throughout the entire day.
As the day draws to a close, a subtle light diffuses over the hills, enhancing their splendor. The captivating sounds emanating from the hills profoundly move me, conveying the sensation of a living soul residing within the mountains.
In simple words: The poem describes the Kangchenjunga at sunrise: white clouds ascending, the sun rising in purple glory, snow-capped peaks glowing in golden light, and morning dews painting the mountains. The sun seems to kiss the hills, and the lingering light and sounds convey a sense of a living soul within the mountains.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing visual imagery from poetry, use vivid adjectives and sensory details to create a clear mental picture. Focus on elements of light, color, and atmosphere as perceived by the narrator.

Question 2. Make a list of natural elements (light, colours, places, things) mentioned in the poem. Use words suggested in the glossary in place of the words in the poem.
Answer: The natural elements (light, colors, places, and things) featured in the poem are as follows:
Light - Colours
Love-light - Purple
Golden-light - White
Faint-light - Hues
Places - Things
Skies - Vapour
Summits - Snows
Himalaya - Robes
Heaven - Dews
Horizon - Cheeks
Rills - Fingers
Hills - Fountain
In simple words: This question asks to identify and list various natural elements and their associated descriptions or categories as presented in the poem, using glossary-suggested synonyms where appropriate.

🎯 Exam Tip: For listing questions, ensure all categories (light, colors, places, things) are comprehensively addressed. Use the provided glossary terms accurately to replace original poetic words, demonstrating comprehension of vocabulary.

3. Complete the table

In simple words: This table categorizes poetic elements by their inherent qualities, actions, location, and descriptive comparisons, helping to understand the poem's imagery and personification.

🎯 Exam Tip: When completing tables based on textual analysis, ensure each cell accurately reflects the corresponding element, quality, action, place, or comparison from the poem. Pay attention to precise vocabulary and relationships.

4. Answer The Following Questions:

Question 1. Who is the Himalaya's Queen? Describe her.
Answer: The Kangchenjunga, recognized as the world's third-highest mountain, is hailed as the Himalaya's queen. Its ancient peaks are perpetually cloaked in snow. Under the influence of sunlight, these peaks appear to shift their colors, radiating a sense of calm and serenity. They seem to be adorned in pristine white garments, and at the horizon, they appear to be immersed in a golden light. The sun, beyond these mountains, looks as if it is tenderly embracing the hills, and a loving light remains there constantly. The sounds emanating from the hills impart the feeling that it is the voice of the mountain's living soul.
In simple words: Kangchenjunga, the third highest mountain, is the Himalaya's Queen, perpetually snow-covered, appearing calm and serene, and bathed in golden light by the sun, which seems to kiss the hills, evoking a sense of a living soul.

🎯 Exam Tip: For descriptive questions, ensure your answer covers all parts of the prompt (who and description). Use evocative language from the poem or synonyms to accurately convey the imagery and symbolism.

Question 2. Describe her interaction with other elements.
Answer: The tranquil and majestic Kangchenjunga reciprocates the greetings of the heavens. The sun tenderly embraces her hills, and its loving light gently lingers upon her throughout the day. The enchanting sounds emanating from the hills convey the impression that they are the voice of the soul dwelling within these magnificent mountains.
In simple words: Kangchenjunga, calm and serene, interacts by returning heaven's greetings, receiving the sun's gentle 'kisses' on its hills, and lingering with love-light; its voice implies a soul within the mountains.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on personification and imagery when describing interactions. Detail how the mountain responds to natural elements like the sun and sky, and how these interactions are portrayed metaphorically in the poem.

Question 3. Why is the morning glow called love-light?
Answer: The morning illumination that graces the snow-covered mountains is exceptionally soft and brilliant. It possesses a pinkish hue, traditionally associated with the color of love. Following the darkness of night, when the morning light begins to radiate, it is profoundly bright and produces a soothing effect, hence its designation as "love-light."
In simple words: The morning glow is termed "love-light" because it is soft, bright, and pink (the color of love), appearing after night's darkness with a soothing, tender effect.

🎯 Exam Tip: When explaining poetic terms like "love-light," link its description to its symbolic meaning. Emphasize the qualities (softness, color, effect) that contribute to its evocative name.

Question 4. What does the love-light do in the poem?
Answer: In the poem, the love-light radiates upon the timeless snows covering the ancient peaks of the Kangchenjunga. It bestows upon them an appearance of profound calm and serenity. Across the meandering rills and the encompassing hills, this loving light gently persists throughout the entire day.
In simple words: The love-light illuminates the Kangchenjunga's eternal snows, making the ancient peaks appear calm and serene, and gently lingers over the rills and hills all day.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the actions and effects of the "love-light" comprehensively. Mention its impact on the mountains' appearance and its enduring presence across the landscape.

Question 5. What is the effect of sunrise on the heart and soul of the mountain?
Answer: As the sun ascends in the morning and extends its initial delicate ray of 'Love', the heart and soul of the mountain experience profound thrills from the enchanting voice emanating from the hills.
In simple words: The sunrise, with its first "ray of Love," causes the mountain's heart and soul to feel deeply thrilled by the echoing voice from the hills.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the emotional and spiritual impact described in the poem. Use language that conveys the deep connection between the sunrise and the mountain's inner experience.

5. List the expressions (lines / phrases / words) that give pleasant picture.
Answer: The expressions that evoke a pleasant picture include:
- The vapours rise to the morning skies.
- Clad in a purple glory.
- The love-light glows on the Eternal snows.
- In robes of white.
- Bathed in golden light.
- The morning dews.
- Mellow hues paint her cheeks.
- The sun-kissed hills.
- The love-light gently lingers.
- Love's undying fountains.
- The heart feels the thrills of the voice from the hills.
In simple words: The poem uses various expressions like rising vapors, purple glory, glowing love-light on snows, white robes, golden light, morning dews, mellow hues, sun-kissed hills, lingering love-light, undying fountains, and thrilling voices to create vivid, pleasant imagery.

🎯 Exam Tip: When listing expressions, ensure each entry is a direct quote or a clear reference from the poem. Aim for a comprehensive list that captures the range of beautiful descriptions used.

6. Draw a picture of Kangchenjunga on the basis of the description in the poem. Colour it properly.
ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): इस प्रश्न में छात्रों को कविता में दिए गए विवरण के आधार पर कंचनजंगा पर्वत का चित्र बनाने और उसे उचित रंगों से रंगने के लिए कहा गया है। इसमें सूर्योदय के समय पर्वत, उस पर सफेद बादल, पूर्व में उगता हुआ सूर्य, बैंगनी चमक, बर्फ से ढकी चोटियों पर सफेद और सुनहरी रोशनी, और सुबह की ओस शामिल होगी।

In simple words: The question asks students to illustrate the Kangchenjunga based on the poem's descriptions, including its colors and elements during sunrise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to all descriptive adjectives and sensory details from the poem (colors, light, atmospheric conditions) to accurately render the visual elements in your drawing.

(A) Questions And Answers

Answer The Following Questions In One Or Two Sentences Each:

Question 1. Which line in the poem suggests that the mountain is very old?
Answer: The phrase 'Upon the summits hoary' indicates that the mountain is ancient.
In simple words: The line "Upon the summits hoary" suggests the mountain's great age.

🎯 Exam Tip: When asked to identify a specific line, quote it precisely. For questions about implicit meaning, explain how the chosen phrase conveys the intended idea.

Question 2. Identify the Figure of Speech in the line-'And mellow hues paint her cheeks with fairy fingers.'
Answer: The Figure of Speech employed in the line ‘And mellow hues paint her cheeks with fairy fingers' is Personification.
In simple words: The line "And mellow hues paint her cheeks with fairy fingers" uses personification by giving human actions (painting cheeks) to abstract concepts (hues).

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify figures of speech, look for non-literal language. Personification assigns human qualities or actions to inanimate objects or abstract ideas.

(B) Reading Comprehension

Read The Following Stanzas And Answer The Questions:

(1) The vapours rise
To the morning skies,
Clad in a purple glory;
While the love-light glows On the' Eternal Snows
Upon the summits hoary And the Himalaya's Queen,
Calm and serene,
Returns the heaven's greeting- In robes of white,
Bathed in golden light-
Where earth and sky are meeting.
Questions :
(1) What is the 'love-light' according to the poet?
(2) Which adjectives are used for the Kangchenjunga?
Answer:
(1) In this context, 'love-light' refers to the sun's early morning rays.
(2) The adjectives used to describe the Kangchenjunga are 'Calm and Serene'.
In simple words: The "love-light" is the early sun's rays, and Kangchenjunga is described as "Calm and Serene."

🎯 Exam Tip: When analyzing stanzas, directly extract the information requested. For definitions, rely on the poem's context, and for adjectives, list them verbatim as they appear.

OR

Questions
(1) Where is the snow?
(2) Find out the similar word of 'ancient' from the stanza.
(3) What does the poet call ‘Kangchenjunga’?
Answer:
(1) The snow rests on the ancient summits.
(2) The word similar to 'ancient' found in the stanza is 'hoary'.
(3) The poet designates 'Kangchenjunga' as the Himalaya's Queen.
In simple words: The snow is on the ancient summits; 'hoary' is similar to 'ancient'; the poet calls Kangchenjunga "the Himalaya's Queen."

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay attention to specific details like location and synonyms. For descriptive titles, quote the exact phrase used by the poet.

OR

Questions:
(1) Who according to the poet, is the Himalaya's Queen?
(2) What does the Himalaya's Queen return?
Answer:
(1) As per the poet's words, the summit 'Kangchenjunga' is considered the Himalaya's Queen.
(2) The Himalaya's Queen reflects the sun's rays that fall upon it. These particular rays are referred to as heaven's greeting in the poem.
In simple words: The poet identifies Kangchenjunga as the Himalaya's Queen, who returns the sun's rays, referred to as heaven's greeting.

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure your answers align precisely with the poet's perspective. For actions, describe what the 'Queen' performs in the poetic context, connecting it to imagery like "heaven's greeting."

(2) And the morning dews
And mellow hues
Paint her cheeks with fairy fingers,
While o'er the rills And the sun-kissed hills,
The love-light gently lingers.
And the breaking day Sends the first faint ray
Of Love's undying fountains,
While the heart feels the thrills Of the voice from the hills
And the Soul that dwells in the mountains. - A. Christina Albers
Questions:
(1) Which 'figure of speech' is predominantly used in this stanza? Pick it out.
(A) Onomatopoeia
(B) Alliteration
(C) Personification
(2) Which natural elements in this stanza do the job of painting?
Answer:
(1) The predominant 'figure of speech' used in this stanza is 'Personification'.
(2) The 'morning dews' and 'mellow hues' undertake the task of painting the cheeks of the personified Kangchenjunga.
In simple words: The stanza primarily uses personification, where morning dews and mellow hues are depicted as painting Kangchenjunga's cheeks.

🎯 Exam Tip: To identify figures of speech, analyze how human actions or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities. For identifying elements, pinpoint the specific natural phenomena performing the described action.

Vocabulary

1. I am a word. But who am I?
Read my description and find out from the lesson.
(1) I am chosen or elected to speak or act on behalf of a company, firm or other person. I may be a servant or an elected candidate. I represent a wider group of people. I am Representative.
Answer: The word described is **Representative**.
In simple words: This word describes someone chosen to act or speak for a group or entity, like an elected official.

🎯 Exam Tip: For "Who am I?" questions, carefully read the definition and match it to a single, precise term from the lesson's vocabulary or context.

(2) I am a negative feeling of human beings. I am a feeling of ill will or resentfulness. It may be born from past insult or bad incident. As a result of me a person may think to harm, insult or even injure the other one. I am Grudge.
Answer: The word described is **Grudge**.
In simple words: This refers to a lingering negative feeling or ill will towards someone, often arising from a past offense, leading to thoughts of harm.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the nuance between similar negative emotions. A grudge specifically implies prolonged resentment due to a past injury or offense.

(3) I am a very positive feeling of human beings. As a result of me a person may let go others' faults and misdeeds. I bring peace to mind. Most of the religions try to teach my lessons to their devotees. I am Forgiveness.
Answer: The word described is **Forgiveness**.
In simple words: This word describes a positive human emotion where one releases anger or resentment towards others for their mistakes, bringing peace of mind.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify key characteristics like "letting go of faults" and "bringing peace" to correctly match the description with the associated positive emotion.

(4) It is said that the person who holds me is the happiest person. I am an enemy of worldly desires. When a person owns me, he doesn't wish to own any more thing. I am Contentment.
Answer: The word described is **Contentment**.
In simple words: This word refers to a state of happiness and satisfaction, free from worldly desires, where a person feels they have enough.

🎯 Exam Tip: Look for keywords like "happiest person," "enemy of worldly desires," and "doesn't wish to own any more thing" to accurately pinpoint the state of contentment.

(5) I am software which Is available to everyone free of charge. I am Love.
Answer: The word described is **Love**.
In simple words: This word, metaphorically presented as free software, represents a universal positive feeling accessible to all.

🎯 Exam Tip: Even with metaphorical descriptions, identify the underlying concept. "Available free of charge to everyone" points to a universally shared and accessible quality.

(6) I am not one. I am not two and yet I am not many also. give reference of variety. I am Resentment
Answer: The word described is **Resentment**.
In simple words: This describes a feeling of bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly, often complex and singular, yet reflecting various negative experiences.

🎯 Exam Tip: This riddle uses negation ("not one," "not two," "not many") to hint at a singular but multifaceted negative emotion, implying a deep-seated feeling that can arise from various sources of perceived unfairness.

(7) I am a very positive feeling of human beings. When one thinks respectfully about his or her own self. I come into existence. I am a medicine of many psychological diseases. I am Self-esteem.
Answer: The word described is **Self-esteem**.
In simple words: This describes a positive self-perception, a respectful regard for oneself, which is considered beneficial for psychological well-being.

🎯 Exam Tip: Key phrases like "thinks respectfully about his or her own self" and "medicine of many psychological diseases" are strong indicators for the concept of self-esteem.

2. Answer these questions using a word (or its form) from the brackets. Underline that word in the text.
(self-esteem, Current, turn off, past hurt, prevention)
(1) What is the reason of your having resentment or grudge for someone?
Answer: The reason for experiencing resentment or a grudge towards someone is a **past hurt**.
In simple words: Resentment or a grudge stems from a past hurt.

🎯 Exam Tip: When choosing a word from a given list, select the one that most directly and accurately answers the question within the provided context.

(2) What will you do if no one is in the room and the electricity bulb is on?
Answer: If no one is present in the room and the electricity bulb is illuminated, I will **turn off** it.
In simple words: If a room is empty and the light is on, I will turn it off.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question tests practical action. Choose the verb phrase that describes the logical and energy-efficient action for an unattended light.

(3) What is better than cure
Answer: **Prevention** is superior to a cure.
In simple words: Prevention is better than a cure.

🎯 Exam Tip: This is a common idiom. Select the word that completes the well-known saying about proactive measures.

(4) What kind of bank account should you open up to do everyday transactions?
Answer: If I need to conduct daily transactions, I should establish a **current** bank account.
In simple words: For everyday transactions, you should open a current bank account.

🎯 Exam Tip: In banking, a 'current' account is specifically for frequent, daily transactions, distinguishing it from savings or fixed deposit accounts.

(5) What is the feeling in absence of which you don't feel insulted?
Answer: The feeling whose absence prevents one from feeling insulted is **self-esteem**.
In simple words: A lack of self-esteem can lead to feeling easily insulted.

🎯 Exam Tip: This question explores the psychological aspect of self-worth. High self-esteem often correlates with a reduced likelihood of feeling easily offended or insulted.

3. Make a list of words representing positive and negative human emotions and feelings. Some are given for you. Add not given in the read.

In simple words: This table categorizes various human emotions and feelings into positive and negative groups, including self-esteem, love, peace, grudge, and resentment.

🎯 Exam Tip: When creating lists or tables of emotions, ensure clear differentiation between positive and negative categories. Aim for a comprehensive representation of feelings discussed in a psychological or literary context.

4. In each of these sentences, there is one word which does not fit in. Take the right word from the brackets and put it at a proper place to make the sentence meaningful.
Example:
Devotees try to invite the blessings of the gods they worship. (invoke, summon)
Devotees try to invoke the blessings of the gods they worship.
Question 1. Can you precisely designate the Shanidev temple on the map of Maharashtra? (locate, put)
Answer: Can you precisely **locate** the Shanidev temple on the map of Maharashtra?
In simple words: The correct word to use when asking for the precise position of something on a map is "locate."

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the word from the bracket that accurately conveys the action intended in the sentence, paying attention to subtle differences in meaning between synonyms.

Question 2. Bus service was snatched by a one-day strike by the drivers. (disrupted, ruptured)
Answer: Bus service was **disrupted** by a one-day strike by the drivers.
In simple words: A driver's strike would disrupt, or temporarily halt, bus service, not rupture it.

🎯 Exam Tip: Differentiate between "disrupted" (interrupted, disturbed) and "ruptured" (broken apart, burst). "Disrupted" is appropriate for a service stoppage due to a strike.

Question 3. Commitment is the key source to happiness. (containment, contentment)
Answer: **Contentment** is the key source to happiness.
In simple words: The feeling of contentment is a primary source of happiness, not commitment or containment.

🎯 Exam Tip: Select the word that fits the context of emotional well-being. "Contentment" refers to a state of satisfaction, which is closely linked to happiness.

Question 4. A dietician knows all about the apparatus of different food items. (components, mechanism)
Answer: A dietician knows all about the **components** of different food items.
In simple words: A dietician understands the individual components or ingredients of food items, not their mechanical apparatus.

🎯 Exam Tip: In the context of food and nutrition, "components" (ingredients, nutritional elements) is the appropriate term, rather than "apparatus" or "mechanism."

Question 5. Always drink boiled water, if you want to conserve yourself from falling ill. (preserve, prevent)
Answer: Always drink boiled water, if you want to **prevent** yourself from falling ill.
In simple words: Drinking boiled water helps to prevent, or stop, you from getting sick.

🎯 Exam Tip: Choose the verb that describes avoiding an undesirable outcome. "Prevent" means to keep something from happening, which is the goal of drinking boiled water for health.

Question 6. The computerised multimedia molecules can help the student learn better. (modules, sections)
Answer: The computerised multimedia **modules** can help the student learn better.
In simple words: Computerized multimedia learning is typically organized into modules, which aid student learning.

🎯 Exam Tip: In an educational technology context, learning content is often structured into "modules," which are self-contained units, rather than "molecules" or generic "sections."

Question 7. They started meeting now and then. Steadily, they fell in love with each other and decided to marry. (increasingly, eventually)
Answer: They started meeting now and then. **Eventually**, they fell in love with each other and decided to marry.
In simple words: The couple's irregular meetings eventually led to them falling in love and marrying.

🎯 Exam Tip: "Eventually" implies an outcome or result occurring after some time or process, which fits the narrative of falling in love and deciding to marry after intermittent meetings.

5. Read the sentences in Part A and B. Pair the sentences in which the underlined word is used in a similar meaning. Write, in the boxes, the number of the appropriate sentences.

In simple words: This task matches sentences from Part A with sentences in Part B where underlined words share similar meanings, like 'self-respect' with 'esteem' or 'mounted' with 'installed'.

🎯 Exam Tip: To successfully complete a matching exercise, analyze the core meaning of the underlined word in each sentence and seek its closest synonym or related concept among the options provided.

6. Pick out the sentence nearest in meaning to the main sentence.
Question 1. The vapours rise, to the morning skies.
(a) The atmosphere is filled with mist in the early morning time.
(b) The weather is cloudy.
(c) Because of heat in the morning time, water gets vaporized and goes to the sky.
(d) In the morning the sky rises up to the vapours.
Answer: (a) The atmosphere is filled with mist in the early morning time.
In simple words: The rising vapours in the morning skies suggest that the air is misty.

🎯 Exam Tip: For multiple-choice questions seeking the "nearest in meaning," carefully consider the implications and visual descriptions of the original sentence. Option (a) directly describes the atmospheric result of rising vapours.

Question 2. In robes of white, bathed in golden light.
(a) The white people robbed the golden prosperity of India.
(b) The fair mountain queen takes bath and changes her colour to golden.
(c) The mountain looks like a queen wearing white clothes having golden morning light sparkle and glisten.
(d) The white water appears to be golden in the morning sunlight.
Answer: (c) The mountain looks like a queen wearing white clothes having golden morning light sparkle and glisten.
In simple words: The phrase describes the mountain, personified as a queen, adorned in white snow and illuminated by sparkling golden morning light.

🎯 Exam Tip: Analyze the personification and imagery. The "robes of white" and "bathed in golden light" refer to the mountain's appearance under specific lighting conditions, likening it to a queen in regal attire.

Question 3. The breaking day sends the first faint ray of Love's undying fountains.
(a) There are transparent fountains of water,
(b) The first sun ray reminds us of nature's everlasting love for us.
(c) At day break, sun rays are not seen because they are faint.
(d) Love is like the everlasting fountains of faint rays.
Answer: (b) The first sun ray reminds us of nature's everlasting love for us.
In simple words: The arrival of dawn with its initial subtle light symbolizes nature's perpetual and profound affection for humanity.

🎯 Exam Tip: Interpret metaphorical language. "Love's undying fountains" implies a continuous source of love, and the "first faint ray" represents the dawn's gentle manifestation of this eternal natural affection.

Question 4. The love-light gently lingers.
(a) The light gently touches our lovely heart.
(b) Our lovely heart gently touches the first light ray of the sun.
(c) The time of morning twilight lengthens because of mist.
(d) The morning twilight still lasts there in the sky above the mountain peaks.
Answer: (d) The morning twilight still lasts there in the sky above the mountain peaks.
In simple words: "Love-light gently lingers" means the morning's soft glow persists in the sky over the mountain peaks for a prolonged period.

🎯 Exam Tip: "Lingers" implies a prolonged presence. Connect this to the duration and location of the light as described, focusing on its sustained visibility over the peaks.

7. Replace the underlined words with the most suitable word given in the brackets.
(rill, thrilling, undying, mellow, eternal)
The everlasting snow on the age old mountain peaks melts and turns into tiny spring like water flow which gradually becomes a boisterous stream. These ever-flowing streams together make a never ending great river. It is a delighting sight to behold the pleasantly smooth and soft colour reflections of morning or evening skies in the calm waters of a river.
Answer: The **eternal** snow on the age old mountain peaks melts and turns into tiny **rill** which gradually becomes a boisterous stream. These **undying** streams together make an **undying** great river. It is a **thrilling** sight to behold the **mellow** colour reflections of morning or evening skies in the calm waters of a river.
In simple words: This task involves replacing highlighted descriptive phrases in a passage with single, more precise synonyms from a provided list to enhance clarity and conciseness.

🎯 Exam Tip: When replacing words, carefully consider the context and nuance of each underlined phrase. Choose the synonym from the bracket that best captures the original meaning while maintaining the sentence's flow and tone.

8. Tick mark the word nearly opposite in meaning.
(1) undying :
eternal
perpetual
inconstant
ceaseless
Answer: (1) undying : ▢ eternal ▢ perpetual ☑ inconstant ▢ ceaseless
In simple words: The opposite of "undying," meaning everlasting, is "inconstant," which means changing or not continuous.

🎯 Exam Tip: Understand the core meaning of the given word. "Undying" implies permanence, so its antonym should reflect changeability or impermanence.

(2) linger :
remain
hang back
stay behind
leave
Answer: (2) linger : ▢ remain ▢ hang back ▢ stay behind ☑ leave
In simple words: The opposite of "linger," which means to stay or delay, is "leave," meaning to depart.

🎯 Exam Tip: "Linger" implies staying for a longer time than necessary. Its direct antonym is an action of departure.

(3) hoary :
black
snowy
silvery
gray
Answer: (3) hoary : ☑ black ▢ snowy ▢ silvery ▢ gray
In simple words: "Hoary" refers to something old, often grey or white with age; its direct color opposite is "black."

🎯 Exam Tip: While "hoary" can imply grey or white, its primary meaning relates to age and antiquity, and 'black' serves as the most distinct color contrast among the choices, implying a lack of age or freshness in context.

(4) dwell :
live
brood
inhabit
migrate
Answer: (4) dwell : ▢ live ▢ brood ▢ inhabit ☑ migrate
In simple words: The opposite of "dwell," meaning to live in a place, is "migrate," meaning to move from one place to another.

🎯 Exam Tip: "Dwell" signifies settled habitation. "Migrate" implies movement or relocation, making it the appropriate antonym for staying in one place.

Revision Of Functions

1. Read the conversation. Notice the functions used in the expressions are mentioned in the brackets.
A : If you want to improve your skills, you **have to** work harder, (condition, compulsion)
B: I know, sir. I **ought to** work harder specially for my vocabulary, (compulsion)
C : I **would rather** work more for comprehension part
A: You **should** communicate in English with your classmates and friends **in order to** improve your communication skills in English, (purpose)
D: Yes, sir. **Though** we work hard, we **need to** work smarter. Riya's English is **better than** ours. Will Riya help us? (contrast, compulsion, comparison)
Riya: Why not? I **used to** work for me and for others too. (past habit)
A: Riya is **so** caring **that** she will help to improve your skills, (result)
E: **Either** Riya **or** Shreya can help us. Shreya has **the same** command over English **as** Riya. (alternative choice, describing people)
In simple words: This section presents a dialogue highlighting various grammatical functions like condition, compulsion, purpose, contrast, comparison, past habit, result, and alternative choice within each speaker's lines.

🎯 Exam Tip: To understand functional grammar in conversations, focus on the italicized or bolded phrases. Identify how each phrase signals a specific communicative intent, such as expressing a condition, a comparison, or a past action.

2. Join the groups of sentences in three different ways. One is done for you. All these three ways show contrast between two sentences in each group.
(1)
• Aditya Sheth performed well in the interview.
• He was not selected for the post.
(a) Though Aditya Sheth performed well in the interview, he was not selected for the post.
(b) Aditya Sheth performed well in the interview but he was not selected for the post.
(c) In spite of his performing well in the interview, Aditya Sheth was not selected for the post.
In simple words: This exercise demonstrates three ways to combine two contrasting sentences using conjunctions and phrases like "Though," "but," and "In spite of."

🎯 Exam Tip: When expressing contrast, use appropriate linking words or phrases such as "though," "but," or "in spite of/despite." Ensure the sentence structure correctly conveys the opposing ideas.

(2)
• This bike gives a reasonable average.
• It is very costly.
(a) Though this bike is very costly, it gives a reasonable average.
(b) This bike is very costly, but it gives a reasonable average.
(c) In spite of being very costly, this bike gives a reasonable average.
In simple words: This exercise shows how to combine sentences to express contrast, specifically that a bike is costly yet offers good fuel efficiency, using "Though," "but," and "In spite of."

🎯 Exam Tip: Practice forming complex sentences that effectively join contrasting ideas. Pay attention to punctuation and the placement of the contrasting connector for clarity.

(3)
• It was raining cats and dogs.
• The traffic policeman was standing at the crossroads for controlling traffic.
(a) Though it was raining cats and dogs, the traffic policeman was standing at the crossroads for smoothening traffic.
(b) It was raining cats and dogs but the traffic policeman was standing at the crossroads for smoothening traffic.
(c) In spite of its raining cats and dogs, the traffic policeman was standing at the crossroads for smoothening traffic.
In simple words: This exercise demonstrates combining two contrasting facts—heavy rain and a traffic policeman's presence—using "Though," "but," and "In spite of."

🎯 Exam Tip: When combining sentences, ensure the chosen conjunction or phrase clearly highlights the unexpected nature of the second clause in relation to the first, as heavy rain typically implies less outdoor activity.

(4)
• The government motivated common people to open a savings account with a bank.
• People don't care to do so.
(a) Though the government motivated common people to open a savings account with a bank, they don't care to do so.
(b) The government motivated common people to open a savings bank account with a bank but they don't care to do so.
(c) In spite of the government's motivation to common people to open a savings bank account with a bank, they don't care to do so.
In simple words: This exercise illustrates combining sentences to show a contrast: despite government encouragement to open bank accounts, people remain uninterested, using "Though," "but," and "In spite of."

🎯 Exam Tip: For expressing contrast, carefully select the connector that best fits the sentence structure and maintains logical flow. The choice between a conjunction (though, but) and a prepositional phrase (in spite of) affects sentence construction.

3. Read the sentences. Circle the connectors showing contrast. Underline the expressions showing comparison.
(1) (Though). Mr Shah bought a new car, it's not **as beautiful as** Mr Patel's.
(2) (In spite of) working sincerely, Joseph is not paid **better than** Amit.
(3) Ilyas has got good score this time (but), Jilva has **the highest** marks in the class.
(4) The officers should work **as sincerely as** the manager (even though), the chairman of the company remains absent.
In simple words: This exercise identifies contrast connectors (like "Though," "In spite of," "but," "even though") and comparison expressions (like "as...as," "better than," "the highest") within given sentences.

🎯 Exam Tip: To distinguish between contrast and comparison, remember that contrast highlights differences or opposing ideas, while comparison evaluates similarities or degrees of difference using specific comparative or superlative structures.

4. Fill in the blanks using proper expressions from the brackets. Write its function in the brackets as mentioned in Fl.
(neither - nor, either - or, ought to, should, would like to, rather)
(1) We have no good terms with Mr Trivedi. **Neither** my father **nor** me would go to his function. - Expressing Negation
In simple words: Since we have a poor relationship with Mr. Trivedi, neither my father nor I will attend his event, expressing a clear negation of attendance.

🎯 Exam Tip: Use "neither - nor" to convey a negative choice or exclusion involving two subjects or objects. This structure clearly expresses that none of the options apply.

5. Read the conversation. There are some errors in it. Correct them.
Answer:
Ami: I used to walk for hours together when I did not have a vehicle.
Vidhi: The same here. I used to work hard in the farm with my father. Now my life is easier than that life.
Ami: My past life was more difficult than today's life. Now, today's life looks very convenient.
Vidhi: We used to play in the streets. Not like today's kids, sitting at the laptops and in front of mobile phones.
Ami: Still I enjoyed my past life as much as I like today's life.
Vidhi: Me too.
In simple words: This exercise presents a dialogue between two individuals, Ami and Vidhi, reflecting on their past and present lives, with specific grammatical corrections made to their sentences regarding habits, comparisons, and activities.

🎯 Exam Tip: Pay close attention to verb tenses, comparative and superlative adjectives, and idiomatic expressions when correcting conversational errors for full marks.

6. Read the groups of sentences. They combined in different ways. One is done for you. Now combine the other groups.
Answer:
(1)
• Malhar wanted to join a Master's course.
• He went to Canada.
(a) Malhar went to Canada so that he could join a Master's course.
(b) Malhar went to Canada in order to join a Master's course.
(c) Malhar went to Canada with a view to joining a Master's course.
(d) Malhar went to Canada for joining a Master's course.
(e) Malhar wanted to join a Master's course therefore/so he went to Canada.
(2)
• The teacher wants to reach a larger audience.
• He uploads his video lectures on youtube website.
(a) The teacher uploads his video lectures on YouTube so that he can reach a larger audience.
(b) The teacher uploads his video lectures on YouTube website in order to reach a larger audience.
(c) The teacher uploads his video lectures on YouTube with a view to reaching a larger audience.
(d) The teacher uploads his video lectures on YouTube for reaching a larger audience.
(e) The teacher wants to reach a larger audience, therefore he uploads his video lectures on YouTube.
(3)
• The owner of the bus-company travels by a bus to go to the company.
• He wants to feel how general commuters face and feel.
(a) The owner of the bus company travels by bus to the company so that he can experience the general commuters' difficulties.
(b) The owner of the bus company travels by bus to the company in order to perceive how general commuters feel.
(c) The owner of the bus company travels by bus to the company with a view to understanding general commuters' experiences.
(d) The owner of the bus company travels by bus to the company for feeling the challenges faced by general commuters.
(e) The owner of the bus company desires to understand general commuters' feelings; therefore, he travels by bus to the company.
(4)
• The students wanted to improve their
• They started communicating in English.
(a) The students began communicating in English so that their language skills could improve.
(b) The students commenced communicating in English in order to enhance their language skills.
(c) The students initiated communication in English with a view to improving their language skills.
(d) The students engaged in English communication for improving their language skills.
(e) The students aimed to improve their language skills; therefore, they started communicating in English.
In simple words: This task involves combining pairs of sentences in various ways to express purpose or result, using conjunctions like "so that," "in order to," "with a view to," "for," and "therefore/so."

🎯 Exam Tip: When combining sentences, ensure the new sentence clearly conveys the original meaning and uses appropriate connecting words for purpose or cause and effect.

7. Read the paragraph correcting the errors.
Answer:
My grandfather used to get up very early in the morning so that he could start the work before sunrise. Though I was a young child, I couldn't understand his beliefs. I always asked about his views on modern life, despite learning new things from him. He didn't hesitate to tell me everything I wanted to know because he was quite eager to sit with me. He had much better views about humanity in general and loved every person. Either he or I were different from the long-established values of our family.
In simple words: This task requires identifying and correcting grammatical and usage errors in a given paragraph to make it coherent and grammatically sound.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on verb agreement, correct use of conjunctions, articles, pronouns, and appropriate vocabulary to effectively correct errors in a paragraph.

1. There might be many things you do about yourself and many complaints about yourself. But have you ever tried to know the positive aspects about yourself? Write a paragraph about positive aspects of your personality.
Answer:
My Positivity OR What I like about Myself
Every individual possesses both positive and negative attributes. If one focuses on nurturing positive qualities, the impact of negative ones will gradually diminish. Regarding my own positive traits, they are as follows:

I am collaborative and possess a helpful disposition. Whether it's close relatives, friends, or those in need, I readily offer assistance without expecting anything in return. I derive satisfaction from this and feel proud when I can be of help to someone.

I am currently in Std. 11, and my academic journey has been quite encouraging so far. I approach my studies with confidence and consistently achieve good results. In school, I was elected General Secretary of the Students' Association, where I put in my best efforts, and together, we organized many activities beneficial to students. As for my study habits, I am self-reliant and do not take any private coaching, trusting in my own capabilities.

Financially, I offer tuitions to primary students and earn enough to cover my pocket expenses. I am courageous and face challenges without much fear of the consequences. I maintain a very positive attitude, which helps me achieve better results even in difficult situations. I also possess a keen sense of observation.

I notice things that many others overlook or fail to anticipate. I am also proficient in sports, particularly volleyball, and have progressed to state-level participation from my school level. As General Secretary of the Students' Association, I plan and execute numerous co-curricular activities for my school's students, including Scout and NSS activities. I am known for my strong moral character.

I am obedient and honest, and my teachers and acquaintances admire me for my actions. I am also skilled in computer usage and various other life skills.
In simple words: This response describes a student's positive personality traits, including their cooperative nature, academic confidence, leadership skills, self-reliance, financial independence, courage, positive attitude, keen observation, sportsmanship, and good character.

🎯 Exam Tip: When writing about personal qualities, provide specific examples or anecdotes to illustrate each trait, making the description more credible and impactful.

Question 2. Hiren is going to deliver a speech in his school on the subject 'Love is more powerful than hatred and grudge'. Prepare a speech for him in 150 words.
Answer:
Respected Principal, teachers, and all my dear friends, today I am here to speak about Love. It is arguably the most powerful emotion bestowed upon humanity, possessing a force that can subdue all other feelings.

If we harbor resentment, we ourselves suffer its consequences. The constant thought of it negatively impacts our health. If we seek retaliation driven by hatred or jealousy, it can further harm our well-being, leading to our own detriment.

Conversely, if we embrace the principle of 'forgive and forget', we can avoid much distress. Love fosters love. By adhering to this principle, life's challenges become simpler, interactions with others become smoother, and our lives become more joyful.
In simple words: This speech emphasizes that love is a more potent emotion than hatred or grudges, arguing that holding onto negative feelings harms oneself, while embracing forgiveness and love leads to a more peaceful and joyful existence.

🎯 Exam Tip: For speech writing, ensure a clear introduction, body, and conclusion. Use persuasive language and provide a strong, central argument supported by logical reasoning or emotional appeal.

These steps go as follows :
1. Switch on computer.
↓
2. Start web browser.
↓
3. Start e-mail service like 'gmail'.
↓
4. Open your e-mail account.
↓
5. Write the e-mail address of the recipient.
↓
6. Write the subject in the subject box.
↓
7. Also write PL Find the Attachment in the body of the letter.
↓
8. Search out the file from the saved documents.
↓
9. Copy the file from the source.
↓
10. Click on the attachment option.
↑
11. Click on the send button and send it.

Question 4. Describe this picture. Try to use worth /phrases from the poem you learnt.

ℹ️ चित्र व्याख्या (Diagram Explanation): यह चित्र सूर्योदय के सुंदर दृश्य को दर्शाता है, जहाँ सूर्य क्षितिज पर धीरे-धीरे ऊपर आ रहा है और आकाश व पृथ्वी मिलते हुए प्रतीत हो रहे हैं। सूर्य की सुनहरी किरणें पूरे क्षितिज को चमका रही हैं, और यह दिन की शुरुआत का समय है। चित्र में बाईं ओर एक राजहंस (फ्लेमिंगो) उड़ता हुआ दिखाई दे रहा है।
Answer:
This image portrays a sunrise. The sun ascends where the earth and sky appear to merge. The sun's rays transform the entire horizon into a golden spectacle. It's the moment when the day commences. A flamingo is visible flying towards the left.

Scattered clouds fill the sky, lending a magnificent brightness to both the sky and the earth. We can aptly say: "And the breaking day / sends the first ray."
In simple words: This picture captures the serene moment of sunrise with the sun's golden rays illuminating the horizon where the sky meets the earth, while a flamingo soars in the distance, symbolizing the start of a new day.

🎯 Exam Tip: When describing a picture, focus on key elements, colors, and the overall mood. Incorporate relevant vocabulary and phrases from your studies to enhance your description.

Activity

1. Can we install peace ? Yes, we can and we will. Let's create titles for some programmes, files, websites, viruses, E-mail IDs, search engine that can help install peace, i.e., ceasefire.com,white flag. exe.peacepark. blogpost, battleend.soon@bilateral.com
In simple words: This activity asks participants to brainstorm and create various digital titles (for websites, programs, emails) that convey a message of peace and conflict resolution.

🎯 Exam Tip: When brainstorming titles, aim for creativity, relevance, and memorability. Consider using metaphors or direct calls to action related to the theme of peace.

2. Collect information about Kangchenjunga. Create a folder in your school's computer and keep it on desktop. Share it with your friends. Note: Students will carry out these activities themselves.
In simple words: This activity instructs students to research information about Kangchenjunga, organize it into a digital folder on their computer, and then share this information with their classmates.

🎯 Exam Tip: For research-based activities, emphasize using reliable sources and organizing information clearly. Collaboration and sharing enhance learning.

Project

Search and collect photographs and information about your favourite tourist place in India. Write and arrange them in a chart and display it in your class. Note: Students will search and collect photographs and information of their favourite tourist places from different sources including internet and write and arrange them on card-paper sheets for display in their classrooms.
In simple words: This project requires students to research and gather visual and textual information about a favorite Indian tourist destination, then organize and present this information on a chart for display.

🎯 Exam Tip: For project-based assignments, focus on comprehensive research, clear organization of information, and visually appealing presentation to score well.

Sunrise On The Kangchenjunga Summary In Gujarati

હિમાલયની પર્વતમાળાનું, દુનિયામાં ત્રીજા ક્રમનું ઊંચું શિખર 'કાંચનજંગા'નું અપ્રતીમ સૌંદર્ય નિરૂપવાનો સ્તુત્ય પ્રયાસ અહીં વિદેશી કવયિત્રી એ. ક્રિસ્ટિના આલ્બર્સે આ રચનામાં કર્યો છે. ‘કાંચનજંગા' શિખર પર થતા સૂર્યોદયને નિહાળી અભિભૂત થઈ જનાર આ કવયિત્રીએ પૂરી કાવ્યાત્મક સજ્જતાથી કાવ્યનિરૂપણ કર્યું છે. કવયિત્રી હિમાચ્છાદિત “કાંચનજંગા'ને ‘હિમાલયની રાણી'નું બિરુદ આપ્યું છે.

શુભ્રધવલ વસ્ત્રોમાં સજ્જ આ “રાણી' સુવર્ણપ્રકાશમાં સ્નાન કરી રહી છે એવું એક તાદશ કલ્પનાચિત્ર ખડું કર્યું છે. સૂર્ય જ્યારે તેના પ્રેમના શાશ્વત ફુવારાનું પ્રથમ કિરણ આ પર્વતશિખર પર મોકલે છે ત્યારે પર્વતશૃંગોમાંથી આવતા ગહન ધ્વનિઓ કવયિત્રીના હૃદયને રોમાંચિત કરી મૂકે છે. આમ, આ અછાંદસ કાવ્યમાં કવયિત્રીએ “સૂર્યોદયના હિમશિખરનું અદ્ભુત કલ્પનાચિત્ર ખડું કર્યું છે.

Glossary (શબ્દાર્થ)

vapours (n.) (वेपर्स) moisture particles, mist, fog-ડવાભાનો લે૪ / નાષ્પ
clad (v. - p.p.) (ક્લૅડ) covered - વીંટળામેલું, લપેટાયેલું
eternal (adj.) (ઈટર્નલ) everlasting, perpetual, permanent - શાશ્વત, કાયમી, સમયાતીત
summits (n.) (સમિટ્સ) peaks/tops of hills-પર્વતનાં શિખરો / ટોચ
hoary (adj.) (હારી) old, ancient - વર્ષો પુરાણાં
serene (adj.) (સિરીન) calm and peaceful - શાંત
greeting (n.) (ગ્રીટિંગ) the act of welcoming - આવકાર
robes (n.) (રોબ્ઝ) ceremonian dress-કોઈ વિશિષ્ટ પ્રસંગે પહેરવાના કુર્તા પ્રકારના ડ્રેસ
dews (n.) (ડ્યૂઝ) water droplets - ઝાકળબિંદુઓ
mellow (adj.) (મેલો) moist and rich in texture-ભીનું પોત ધરાવતું
hues (n.) (હ્યુઝ) shades or colour-રંગની છટાઓ /છાયાઓ
rills (n.) (રિલ્સ) brooks or streams-નાનકડાં ઝરણાં
linger (v.) (લિંગર) remain alive for a longer period-લાંબા સમય સુધી ટકી રહેવું, ઝળુંબી રહેવું
undying (adj.) (અનડાઇંગ) unending, eternal-અનંત, શાશ્વત, લાંબા સમય સુધી ચાલુ રહેનારું
thrill (n.) (થ્રીલ) excitement, exhilaration-રોમાંચ
dwell (v.) (ડ્વેલ) reside, live-વસવું, રહેવું

Places

Himalaya's queen : (હિમાલયાઝ ક્વિન) – હિમાલયની રાણી, (અહીં) કાંચનજંગા પર્વતશિખર

ચડે છે ઊંચે બાષ્પની વાદળી
પ્રભાતના આકાશને આંબવા,
જ્યાં પ્રતિભાનું આંચળ ઓઢીને
પ્રેમપ્રકાશનો સૂર્ય પથરાય છે.
શાશ્વત હિમ પર, ઉત્તુંગ શિખરો પર,
અને હિમાલયની રાણી
શાંત અને ગંભીર,
સ્વર્ગના અભિવાદનનો પ્રતિભાવ આપે છે
ધવલ વસ્ત્રોમાં,
સુવર્ણ પ્રકાશમાં સ્નાત થઈને
ત્યાં જ્યાં મળે છે ધરતી અને આકાશ
ળી પેલાં પ્રભાતનાં ઝાકળબિંદુઓ

તથા પેલી સૂર્યસ્પષ્ટ ટેકરીઓ પર
પેલો પ્રેમ-પ્રકાશ હળવેથી ઝળુંબી રહ્યો છે.
અને એ મળસ્કે, પહેલું ઝાંખું કિરણ મોકલે છે
પ્રેમના શાશ્વત ફુવારાનું,
અને એ ટાણે હૃદય રોમાંચ અનુભવે છે
શૃંગોમાંથી આવતા ધ્વનિઓનો
અને તે આત્માનો જે પર્વતોમાં વસે છે. – એ. ક્રિસ્ટિના આલ્બર્સ