CTET English MCQs with Answers Set 40

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These 29 CTET English multiple choice questions cover English language teaching, pedagogy of language, grammar and language development. Each question has the correct answer with a step-by-step explanation and a short teacher's note, so you can practise for the Central Teacher Eligibility Test and check your understanding.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Learners can reach levels of achievement which they would be unable to reach independently with support from others. This assumption in language learning is known as _______
(a) Input hypothesis
(b) Output hypothesis
(c) Interaction hypothesis
(d) Scaffolding hypothesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Scaffolding hypothesis

Explanation:
1. Achieving more with help than alone is Vygotsky's zone of proximal development.
2. Support given by others to reach it is scaffolding.

Teacher's Note:
1. Scaffolding means temporary support that is withdrawn as the learner gains competence.
2. It is linked to Vygotsky and Bruner.

Question 2: A teacher brings in many toys from her home and also asks her learners to bring objects from their home and uses them in her teaching-learning situations. What are these known as?
(a) Teaching aids
(b) Realia
(c) Toy Pedagogy
(d) Object oriented learning
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Realia

Explanation:
1. Real objects from everyday life used in the classroom are called realia.
2. They make language teaching concrete and meaningful.

Teacher's Note:
1. Realia are actual objects, not models or pictures.
2. They are cheap and context-rich.

Question 3: Children have an internal inborn faculty that helps them discover the underlying pattern of the language. Which of the following approaches might support the statement?
(a) Behaviourist
(b) Cognitivist
(c) Innateness
(d) Constructivist
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Innateness

Explanation:
1. Chomsky's innatist view holds that children are born with a language faculty (LAD).
2. Behaviourists stress imitation and habit, not an inborn faculty.

Teacher's Note:
1. Chomsky: Language Acquisition Device and universal grammar.
2. Skinner: reinforcement and habit.

Question 4: _______ is multiple discursive practices in which multilinguals/bilinguals engage in order to make sense of their bilingual/multilingual worlds.
(a) Translanguaging
(b) Semilingualism
(c) Code mixing
(d) Code switching
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Translanguaging

Explanation:
1. Translanguaging is the flexible use of all of a speaker's languages to make meaning.
2. Code mixing and switching describe alternating between languages and are narrower.

Teacher's Note:
1. Translanguaging treats a multilingual's languages as one repertoire.
2. It is encouraged in multilingual classrooms.

Question 5: National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 recommends the study of _______
(a) mother tongue, modern Indian languages, classical languages, foreign languages
(b) mother tongue or home language, modern Indian languages, Sanskrit, classical languages, foreign languages
(c) mother tongue or home languages, modern Indian languages, Sanskrit, foreign languages
(d) mother tongue, English, modern Indian languages, classical languages
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) mother tongue or home language, modern Indian languages, Sanskrit, classical languages, foreign languages

Explanation:
1. NEP 2020 stresses mother tongue or home language, modern Indian languages, Sanskrit, other classical languages and foreign languages.
2. Option b lists all of these.

Teacher's Note:
1. NEP stresses multilingualism with the mother tongue as the early medium.
2. Sanskrit is mentioned along with other classical languages.

Question 6: A child moves from India to U.S.A and is taught all her subjects in the language of the country she has migrated to. What is this process of teaching known as?
(a) Immersion
(b) Bilingualism
(c) Multilingualism
(d) Monolingualism
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Immersion

Explanation:
1. Teaching all subjects through the new language, which is not the child's own, is immersion.
2. Bilingualism and multilingualism describe language knowledge, not a teaching process.

Teacher's Note:
1. Immersion teaches content through a second language.
2. Strictly this is submersion if no support is given, but immersion is the option offered.

Question 7: The direct method relies on teaching grammar:
(a) explicitly
(b) deductively
(c) inductively
(d) not at all
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) inductively

Explanation:
1. In the Direct Method grammar is not taught through rules or translation.
2. Learners infer rules from examples, which is inductive teaching.

Teacher's Note:
1. Direct Method: target language, speech first, inductive grammar.
2. Grammar-translation uses deductive teaching.

Question 8: Free writing is helpful for writers because:
(a) it helps in editing
(b) it provides ideas for writing
(c) it is beneficial for finalising the text
(d) it provides help in proof reading
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) it provides ideas for writing

Explanation:
1. Free writing means writing without stopping or worrying about correctness.
2. It generates ideas, so it helps before drafting.

Teacher's Note:
1. Free writing is a prewriting activity.
2. Editing and proofreading come later.

Question 9: In the writing process, creating mind maps can be a great strategy during:
(a) reviewing
(b) drafting
(c) prewriting
(d) finalising
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) prewriting

Explanation:
1. Mind maps help collect and organise ideas.
2. This is done before writing, at the prewriting stage.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prewriting: brainstorming, mind maps, free writing.
2. Reviewing and finalising are later stages.

Question 10: The view that language shapes our thought, i.e. the language determines the way we think about and perceive the world, relates to:
(a) language universals
(b) language socialization
(c) Stephen Krashen's theory
(d) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Explanation:
1. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis (linguistic relativity) says language influences or determines thought.
2. Language socialization and Krashen's theory do not make this claim.

Teacher's Note:
1. The strong form is linguistic determinism; the weak form is linguistic relativity.
2. Sapir and Whorf are the names to remember.

Question 11: A teacher believes that humans learn language in the same way as other skills and abilities, through experience. With which theorist does she agree?
(a) Piaget
(b) Chomsky
(c) Skinner
(d) Vygotsky
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Skinner

Explanation:
1. Skinner's behaviourism says language is learned by experience, imitation and reinforcement like other behaviour.
2. Chomsky claims an innate language faculty.

Teacher's Note:
1. Skinner: Verbal Behavior and reinforcement.
2. Chomsky rejected this view.

Question 12: The pre-linguistic stage of a child is characterised by _______.
(a) crying, cooing and babbling
(b) utterance of one word
(c) utterance of two words
(d) telegraphic speech
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) crying, cooing and babbling

Explanation:
1. Before the first words, infants cry, coo and babble.
2. One-word, two-word and telegraphic speech are linguistic stages.

Teacher's Note:
1. Order: crying, cooing, babbling, holophrase, two-word, telegraphic.
2. Pre-linguistic means before real words.

Question 13: All languages have a system of rules that helps speakers to combine words and convey meaning. This system of rules is a:
(a) Syntax
(b) Grammar
(c) Symbol
(d) Semantic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Grammar

Explanation:
1. Grammar is the whole system of rules for forming words and sentences.
2. Syntax covers only sentence structure.

Teacher's Note:
1. Grammar includes morphology and syntax.
2. Even unwritten languages have grammar.

Question 14: Read the following statements and choose the correct option:
Assertion (A): Prompting students to recall previous knowledge is important.
Reason (R): Recalling the previous knowledge helps students connect the known knowledge to the new knowledge.
(a) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
(d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Explanation:
1. Both statements are accepted pedagogy.
2. Connecting known to new knowledge is exactly why recall matters, so R explains A.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prior knowledge is the base for new learning (Ausubel, constructivism).
2. Check whether R really explains A.

Question 15: A teacher of Class VIII asked her learners to produce a leaflet about saving energy at home as an assignment. This task will cater to which feature of language?
(a) Question forms
(b) Positive imperatives
(c) Comparative
(d) The past tense
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Positive imperatives

Explanation:
1. A leaflet advising people to save energy uses instructions such as 'Switch off the lights'.
2. Those are positive imperatives.

Teacher's Note:
1. Match the language feature to the genre.
2. Leaflets and instructions use imperatives.

Question 16: A teacher asks the students to sit in pairs. She gives them a picture and asks them to share their views with their partner on it. The strategy used by the teacher is:
(a) peer interaction
(b) group interaction
(c) teacher facilitated learning
(d) project work
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) peer interaction

Explanation:
1. Learners work in pairs and discuss with a partner.
2. Pair work is peer interaction.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pair work gives every learner more talking time.
2. Group interaction involves more than two.

Question 17: Dysgraphia is the learning disability that affects:
(a) identification of speech sounds leading to reading difficulty
(b) movement and coordination
(c) handwriting and fine motor skills
(d) communication
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) handwriting and fine motor skills

Explanation:
1. Dysgraphia is a writing difficulty.
2. It affects handwriting, spelling and fine motor control.

Teacher's Note:
1. Option a describes dyslexia and b describes dyspraxia.
2. Be patient and allow extra time.

Question 18: In the process writing approach, brainstorming before initiating writing is important because:
(a) it is a key strategy to revise the draft
(b) it helps in editing
(c) it stimulates thinking
(d) it helps in rewriting
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) it stimulates thinking

Explanation:
1. Brainstorming happens before writing.
2. It stimulates thinking and generates ideas; revising and editing come later.

Teacher's Note:
1. Brainstorming is a prewriting step.
2. It is best done in pairs or groups.

Question 19: A teacher organizes her class into pairs and gives a story of 18 sentences. One of the pairs has odd sentences (sentences 1, 3, 5, ...) printed and even sentences blank, while the other has even sentences (sentences 2, 4, 6, ...) and odd sentences blank. Students in pairs have to read out the sentences mutually to each other and write to complete the story. This involves listening, speaking, reading and writing. What is this task known as?
(a) Mutual dictation
(b) Group dictation
(c) Sentence dictation
(d) Paragraph dictation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Mutual dictation

Explanation:
1. Each partner holds half the text and dictates it to the other.
2. Both dictate and write, which is mutual dictation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mutual dictation is an information-gap pair task.
2. It integrates all four skills.

Question 20: EAP stands for _______
(a) European Academic Policy
(b) English Access for Purposes
(c) English for Academic Purposes
(d) English Acquisition for Purposes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) English for Academic Purposes

Explanation:
1. EAP means English for Academic Purposes.
2. It teaches the English needed for study.

Teacher's Note:
1. EAP and ESP are branches of English for Specific Purposes.
2. EAP: essays, lectures, research writing.

Question 21: Teaching of drama should aim at promoting
(a) activity
(b) language for purposes
(c) pragmatism
(d) speaking and listening
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) language for purposes

Explanation:
1. Drama puts language into real communicative situations.
2. It promotes the use of language for different purposes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Drama gives context for authentic language use.
2. Not only speaking and listening, but all functions are practised.

Question 22: Which of the following are essential for learners in a classroom to start using language for different purposes?
(a) Language inputs and interaction
(b) Grammar teaching
(c) Vocabulary
(d) Narratives and poetry
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Language inputs and interaction

Explanation:
1. Learners need exposure to language and chances to interact.
2. Grammar, vocabulary and texts are only parts of input.

Teacher's Note:
1. Input plus interaction is basic to language learning.
2. Isolated grammar teaching is not enough.

Question 23: What are 'form oriented language inputs' for language learning?
(a) Inputs which focus on information.
(b) Learners receive vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar.
(c) Learning to use language for meaning conveyed in the inputs.
(d) Potential of the input for learning writing.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Learners receive vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar.

Explanation:
1. Form-oriented inputs focus on the language itself.
2. They supply vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar.

Teacher's Note:
1. Form = language items; meaning = content.
2. Contrast with meaning-oriented input.

Question 24: Which of the following statements are true and which of them are not true?
a. A language without script is dialect.
b. A language may have many dialects.
c. Some languages do not have grammar.
d. Sign language does not have a grammar.
(a) 'b' is true and 'a', 'c' and 'd' are not true.
(b) 'b' and 'd' are not true and 'c' and 'a' are true.
(c) 'a', 'c' and 'd' are true and 'b' is not true.
(d) 'c' and 'a' are true and 'a' and 'd' are not true.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 'b' is true and 'a', 'c' and 'd' are not true.

Explanation:
1. A language can have many dialects, so b is true.
2. Lack of script does not make a language a dialect, every language has grammar and sign language has its own grammar, so a, c, d are false.

Teacher's Note:
1. All languages have grammar, written or not.
2. Dialects are varieties of a language.

Question 25: What is portfolio assessment?
(a) Collection of instances of learning by the teacher and using it for assessment of learning.
(b) Recording of the formative and summative assessment activities together and using them for assessment.
(c) Assessment activities other than summative assessment.
(d) Assessment activities other than formative assessment.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Collection of instances of learning by the teacher and using it for assessment of learning.

Explanation:
1. A portfolio is a purposeful collection of learners' work over time.
2. It is used to assess progress and learning.

Teacher's Note:
1. Portfolios show growth over time.
2. They support continuous assessment.

Question 26: A teacher asked students to look at the four musical instruments in the picture, and discuss why they are used in different musical contexts. Choose the cognitive skill that matches this activity:
(a) Analyzing
(b) Composing
(c) Reasoning
(d) Imagining
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Analyzing

Explanation:
1. Comparing the instruments and examining why each suits its context is breaking things down and examining them.
2. That is analysing.

Teacher's Note:
1. Analysing means examining parts and relationships.
2. Reasoning is wider; analysing fits the comparison.

Question 27: Children's informal interactions, friendships and relationships with others in their community are based on their use of which form of language?
(a) Accommodation
(b) Assimilation
(c) Language socialization
(d) Enculturation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Language socialization

Explanation:
1. Children acquire language through participation in social interaction.
2. This process is language socialization.

Teacher's Note:
1. Language socialization: learning language and culture through interaction.
2. Piaget's accommodation and assimilation are different terms.

Question 28: In the case of vocabulary use, grammar provides a pathway for learners to:
(a) combine lexical items into meaningful and communicative expressions.
(b) re-tell listening inputs into oral output.
(c) draft formal pieces of writing in higher classes.
(d) speak in formal situations with greater accuracy and confidence.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) combine lexical items into meaningful and communicative expressions.

Explanation:
1. Words alone do not communicate.
2. Grammar helps combine them into meaningful expressions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vocabulary supplies the words and grammar joins them.
2. Option a states this link directly.

Question 29: Which of the following is true of Sign Language?
(a) Sign Language is an artificial language.
(b) Sign Language has grammar and is a natural language.
(c) Sign Language is not a natural language like other human languages.
(d) Sign Language has not been recognised in school education.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sign Language has grammar and is a natural language.

Explanation:
1. Sign languages arise naturally in deaf communities and have their own grammar.
2. So option b is true, and a and c are false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sign language is a full natural language.
2. RPwD Act and NEP recognise Indian Sign Language.

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