UP Board Solutions Class 9 English Chapter 3 The Seven Ages of Man William Shakespeare

Class 9 English Poetry Chapter 3 Questions And Answers UP Board The Seven Ages Of Man (William Shakespeare)

कक्षा 9 अंग्रेजी पाठ 3 प्रश्न उत्तर

Read the following stanzas given below and answer the questions that follow each :
नीचे दिये हुए निम्नलिखित पद्यांशों को पढ़िये और नीचे दिये हुए प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिए-

1. All the World's a stage,
And all the men and women merely players,
They have their exits and their entrances
And one man in his time plays many parts,
His acts being seven ages.

Question.
(i) Why does the poet call this world a huge theatre?
इस संसार को कवि ने क्यों विशाल नाटयशाला कही है?

Answer: Poet call this world huge theatre because men and women who are born in this world play different roles assigned to them by destiny and God is the spectator of this drama performed by them.
कवि ने इस संसार (दुनिया) को एक विशाल रंगमंच कहा क्योंकि महिलाएं और पुरुष जिन्होंने इस संसार (दुनिया) में जन्म लिया है वह अपने भाग्य द्वारा मिली भूमिकाओं का निर्वाह करते हैं। उनके द्वारा दर्शित नाटय को ईश्वर देखता है।
In simple words: The poet calls the world a huge theatre because people are merely actors performing various roles assigned by fate, with God observing the entire play.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on linking the concept of 'world as a theatre' to the idea of predetermined roles and a divine spectator for a comprehensive answer.

Question.
(ii) Why do the poet call men and women merely players?
कवि ने पुरुषों एवं महिलाओं को मात्र केवल पात्रे क्यों कहा?

Answer: The poet calls men and women merely players because they do not choose their roles themselves. They are merely puppets in the hands of God. Their roles are allotted to them and they can not oppose their roles.
कवि के अनुसार महिलाएं एवं पुरुष केवल पात्र है क्योंकि वह स्वयं अपनी भूमिकाओं का चयन नहीं करते वह केवल ईश्वर के हाथ की कठपुतली है। जो भूमिकाएँ (कार्य की) निर्वाह करने को दी जाती है वह उसका विरोध नहीं कर सकते हैं। उनकी भूमिका पूर्व निर्धारित है वे केवल अभिनेत्री व अभिनेता हैं।
In simple words: Men and women are called mere players because they don't choose their own roles in life but rather act out parts predetermined by a higher power.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize the lack of free will in choosing roles, highlighting the 'puppet' metaphor to explain why humans are 'merely players'.

Question.
(iii) Identify the figure of speech, ‘All the world's a stage'.
संसार (दुनिया) एक रंगमंच है में से figure of speech को पहचानिए।

Answer: Figure of speech 'metaphor'.
figure of speech ‘रूपक अलंकार है।
In simple words: The figure of speech is a metaphor, directly comparing the world to a stage without using "like" or "as".

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that a metaphor directly equates two unlike things for comparison, unlike a simile which uses "like" or "as".

Question.
(iv) Name all the stages mentioned here.
यहाँ उल्लेखित सभी चरणों का वर्णन कीजिए

Answer: The poet has mentioned seven stages-infant, school-going boy, lover, soldier, judge, the man of age and the dotage of old age. कवि के अनुसार सात चरण हैं- शैशवावस्था, स्कूली छात्र, प्रेमावस्था, सैनिक एवं न्यायाधीश अन्ततः वृद्धावस्था।
In simple words: The seven stages of life mentioned are: infant, school-going boy, lover, soldier, judge, the man of age, and old age (dotage).

🎯 Exam Tip: Listing all seven stages correctly is crucial for full marks; ensure each stage is accurately named as presented in the poem.

2. At first the infant,
Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms
And then, the whining school boy with his satchel
And shining morning face, creeping like snail
Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,
Sighing like a furnace; with woeful ballad
Made to his mistress eyebrow.

Question.
(i) What are the activities of a sucking baby?
चूषक शिशु के क्रियाकलाप क्या होते हैं?

Answer: A sucking-baby weeps, cries, sobs and vomits. It plays in nurse's arms.
चूषक शिशु रोता, चिल्लाता, सिसकियाँ भरता तथा उल्टी करता है। वह परिचारिका के बांहों में खेलता है।
In simple words: A sucking baby typically cries, weeps, sobs, and vomits, often being held in the nurse's arms.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the infant's actions as depicted in the poem, using keywords like 'mewling', 'puking', and 'playing'.

Question.
(ii) Why does a child not what to go to school?
बच्चा स्कूल (विद्यालय) क्यों नहीं जाना चाहता है?

Answer: A child wants to play more and more, so he/she shows his/her unwillingness to go to school.
एक बच्चा ज्यादा-ज्यादा खेलना पसन्द करता है इसलिए वह स्कूल जाने में अपनी अनिच्छा दिखाता है।
In simple words: A child dislikes going to school because they prefer playing and show reluctance towards studies.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the child's preference for play over education as the primary reason for their unwillingness to attend school.

Question.
(iii) How does a child go to school?
बच्चा स्कूल (विद्यालय) कैसे जाता है?

Answer: While going to school, a child is dressed very well. His face shows brightness. He bears the burden of bag on his shoulder and goes to school with slow steps.
स्कूल जाते समय, बच्चा अच्छी तरह सज्जित होता है। उसके चेहरे पर चमक दिखाई देती है, अपने कंधों पर अपने बस्ते का बोझ उठाता है और धीरे-धीरे कदमों से स्कूल जाता है।
In simple words: A child goes to school neatly dressed with a bright face, carrying a school bag on their shoulder, and walking slowly.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the child's appearance and manner of walking to school, including details like dressing well, a shining face, and slow steps.

Question.
(iv) When does a lover feel dejected?
एक प्रेमी अपने को निरुत्साहित कब अनुभव करता है?

Answer: A lover feels dejected when his beloved shows indifferent attitude for him. जब एक प्रेमिका अपने प्रेमी के प्रति उदासीनता दर्शाती है, तब प्रेमी अपने को हतोत्साहित अनुभव करता है।
In simple words: A lover feels dejected when their beloved shows indifference or a lack of interest towards them.

🎯 Exam Tip: Connect the lover's dejection directly to the beloved's indifferent attitude, as this is the core cause described.

3. Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths and bearded like the par
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel
Seeking the bubble reputation
Even in the Cannon's mouth,

Question.
(i) Why does a soldier take strange oaths?
सिपाही (सैनिक) विचित्र शपथ क्यों लेता है?

Answer: While accepting the commission in Army, a soldier takes many oaths indifferent languages. He swears to show the feelings of patriotism, honour and dedication for his nation.He swears that he would defend his country at the cost of his life.
जब किसी सैनिक की सेना में नियुक्ति होती है तो सैनिक भिन्न-भिन्न भाषाओं में कई शपथ लेता है। वह देश के प्रति देशभक्ति, गौरव और समर्पण की भावनाओं की शपथ लेता है, और शपथ लेता है कि अपने जीवन का बलिदान देकर भी देश की रक्षा करूंगा।
In simple words: A soldier takes strange oaths to express patriotism, honour, and dedication to their nation, vowing to defend it even at the cost of their own life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Emphasize patriotism, honor, and self-sacrifice as the motivations behind a soldier's solemn oaths.

Question.
(ii) What is the appearance of a soldier?
सैनिक की छवि पर प्रकाश डालिए या सैनिक की छवि कैसी होती है?

Answer: A Soldier, due to remaining far from his house for a long time, has a rough and shabby appearance. He keeps dense and rough beard and moustache.
एक लम्बे समय तक अपने घर से दूर रहने के कारण एक सैनिक की छवि रूखी व जीर्ण-शीर्ण दिखाई देती है। वह रूखी दाढ़ी व घनी मूंछ रखता है।
In simple words: A soldier often has a rough and unkempt appearance, characterized by a dense, unstyled beard and moustache, due to prolonged absence from home.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the keywords 'rough', 'shabby', and 'dense beard and moustache' to accurately describe the soldier's appearance.

Question.
(iii) Which thing is very dear to the soldier?
किसी सैनिक को क्या चीज बहुत पसन्द है।

Answer: A Soldier is very fond of his honour. He is always ready to defend it. Whenever it comes to his notice that his honour is being attacked or even fingered at in the least, he becomes ready to pick up a quarrel.
सैनिक हमेशा अपने गौरव व सम्मान को बचाए रखना चाहता है। किसी भी स्थिति में उसकी रक्षा के लिए समर्पित रहता है वह अपने देश की रक्षा के लिए लेश-मात्र संकट को सहन नहीं करता। उसको संकट की सूचना प्राप्त होते ही वह युद्ध के लिए तैयार हो जाता है।
In simple words: A soldier's honor is paramount to him, and he is fiercely protective of it, ready to fight if it is ever threatened.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the soldier's deep attachment to 'honour' and their immediate readiness to defend it against any perceived threat.

Question.
(iv) What is the chief aim of soldier's life?
सैनिक के जीवन का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?

Answer: The chief aim of soldier's life is to gain name and fame which, very short-lived, is all in all to him and for which he is ever ready to risk his life. सैनिक का मुख्य उद्देश्य है कि वह कम समय में नाम एवं ख्याति प्राप्त करना चाहता है। उसके प्रति अपने जीवन को संकट में डालने के लिए भी हमेशा तत्पर रहता है। वही उसके जीवन का मुख्य लक्ष्य है।
In simple words: The soldier's main goal in life is to achieve a quick and glorious reputation, for which he is always willing to risk his life.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on 'bubble reputation' and the willingness to risk life for it as the soldier's primary motivation.

4. And then, the Justice,
In fair round belly with good capon lined,
With eyes severe, and beard of formal cut
Full of wise saws, and modern instances;
And so he plays his part.

Question.
(i) What sort of life does a judge likes to lead?
जज किस प्रकार का जीवन-यापन पसन्द करते हैं?

Answer: A judge is fond of leading a life luxurious and Comforts.
जज विलासी और आरामदायक जीवन-यापन पसन्द करते हैं।
In simple words: A judge prefers a life of luxury and comfort.

🎯 Exam Tip: The key here is 'luxurious and comforts'; ensure you use these descriptive terms to convey the judge's preferred lifestyle.

Question.
(ii) Why does a judge wear the expression of harshness?
जज (न्यायाधीश) क्यों निष्ठुरता के भाव अभिव्यक्त करते हैं?

Answer: A judge outwardly wears the expression of harshness and strictness because he tries to show himself an embodiment of discipline in order to impress everyone.
न्यायवेत्ता (जज) अनुशासन की मूर्त रूप से सभी को प्रभावित करना चाहते हैं इसलिए जज बाह्य रूप से कठोर एवं निष्ठुर दिखाई देते हैं।
In simple words: A judge adopts a harsh and strict demeanor to project an image of discipline and authority, intending to impress and command respect from others.

🎯 Exam Tip: Link the 'harshness' to the judge's desire to appear disciplined and authoritative, which is meant to impress.

Question.
(iii) What sort of beard does the judge keep?
जज किस प्रकार की दाढ़ी रखते हैं?

Answer: A judge keeps beard which is neatly trimmed after conventional pattern.
न्यायवेत्ता पारम्परिक स्वरूप में चलन के अनुसार कटी हुई दाढ़ी रखते हैं।
In simple words: The judge maintains a neatly trimmed beard, cut according to a conventional style.

🎯 Exam Tip: The specific details 'neatly trimmed' and 'conventional pattern' are important for this answer.

Question.
(iv) How does a judge convince by his speech?
जज कैसे उसकी वाक्-क्षमता से प्रभावित हुए?

Answer: By using many wise maxims and common place illustrations, in his speech, a judge convinces. न्यायवेत्ता विद्वतापूर्ण नीतियों द्वारा जन साधारण स्थानों पर दृष्टांत देकर अपनी वाक्क्षमता से प्रभावित करते हैं।
In simple words: A judge convinces others through their speeches by incorporating many wise sayings and relatable everyday examples.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the judge's use of 'wise maxims' and 'commonplace illustrations' as rhetorical tools to persuade.

5. The sixth age shifts
Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon,
With spectacles on nose and pouch on side;
His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide
For his shrunk shank and his big manly voice,
Turning again towards childish treble pipes
And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all,
That ends this strange eventful history,
Is second childishness and mere oblivion
Sans teeth, sans eyes; sans taste; sans everything.

Question.
(i) What happens with a man of age in the sixth stage?
छठे चरण में व्यक्ति के साथ क्या होता है?

Answer: In the sixth stage, man loses all his charms of his youth. He becomes lean and thin. His eyesight grows weak and he cannot see properly. He loses all his strength of youth. His manly voice also changes. His hands and fingers tremble while doing some work. His legs cannot endure the burden of the body. In this way he becomes invalid in every way.
छठे चरण में व्यक्ति अपने युवावस्था के आकर्षण को खो देता है। वह पतला-दुबला बन जाता है। उसकी आँखों की रोशनी कम हो जाती है और वह ठीक तरह से नहीं देख पाता। वह अपनी युवावस्था की शक्ति को खो देता है। उसकी पुरुषोचित आवाज भी बदल जाती है। उसके हाथ और उंगलियाँ कोई भी काम करने में काँपने लगती हैं। उसके पैर उसके शरीर का भार (बोझ) उठाने में असमर्थ हो जाते हैं। इसलिए वह हर प्रकार से अक्षम हो जाता है।
In simple words: In the sixth stage, a man becomes frail, loses youthful charm and strength, experiences weakening eyesight, a changing voice, trembling limbs, and struggles to support his own body, rendering him invalid.

🎯 Exam Tip: List the physical and sensory declines experienced in the sixth stage, such as loss of sight, strength, and the trembling of limbs, to show a comprehensive understanding.

Question.
(ii) How does a man look like in the sixth stage?
छठे चरण में व्यक्ति किस प्रकार दिखने लगता है?

Answer: In the sixth stage, the man of age becomes a lean comic figure because he wears slippers, spectacles and a pouch (bag).
छठे चरण में व्यक्ति हास्य का पात्र बन के रह जाता है क्योंकि वह चप्पल, चश्में पहनता है और झोला लेकर चलता है।
In simple words: In the sixth stage, a man appears as a lean, almost comical figure, wearing slippers, spectacles, and carrying a pouch.

🎯 Exam Tip: Focus on the visual elements mentioned – 'lean comic figure', 'slippers', 'spectacles', and 'pouch' – to describe the man's appearance.

Question.
(iii) How does the voice of the old man change?
वृद्ध व्यक्ति की आवाज में किस प्रकार परिवर्तन आता है?

Answer: His once such loud manly voice now shrink into the shrill voice of a child, having mumbling and squeaking sounds.
किसी समय की उसकी बुलंद पुरुषोचित आवाज़ सिकुड़कर, एक बच्चे की मिमियाहट में बदल जाती है। हर वक्त अस्पष्ट बोलने लग जाता है।
In simple words: The old man's once deep, manly voice diminishes into a high-pitched, childish treble, characterized by mumbling and squeaking.

🎯 Exam Tip: Key aspects are the transition from 'manly voice' to 'shrill voice of a child' and the presence of 'mumbling and squeaking sounds'.

Question.
(iv) Why is the last stage called the second childhood?
अंतिम चरण को दूसरा बचपन क्यों कहा गया है?

Answer: The last stage is also called second childhood because all the memory of the past is lost and all the senses decay and the man then becomes almost nothing-without teeth, without eyes and without taste. अंतिम चरण को दूसरा बचपन इसलिए कहते हैं क्योंकि वह गुजरे हुऐ वक्त (अतीत) की यादें खो जाती हैं। और उसकी इंद्रियाँ क्षीण हो जाती हैं। बिना दांत, आँख एवं स्वाद वाला व्यक्ति नश्वर हो जाता है।
In simple words: The last stage is called second childhood because memory fades, senses decline, and the man becomes dependent and vulnerable, lacking teeth, sight, and taste, much like an infant.

🎯 Exam Tip: The core idea is the regression to an infantile state due to loss of memory, decay of senses, and physical helplessness ("sans teeth, sans eyes; sans taste; sans everything").

(A) Solved Question Of Text Book

Answer the following questions :
निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के उत्तर दीजिएः

Question 1.
Explain the difference poet makes between the performance made by actors at normal stage and worldly stage?
किसी अभिनेता द्वारा साधारण रंगमंच और सांसारिक रंगमंच में किये गये प्रदर्शन में, कवि ने क्या भिन्नता दर्शायी है?

Answer: Poet has describe this world to a stage. But there is a difference. In the ordinary stage (drama), an actor plays one role but here in life stage (drama) he has to play many roles. These are described in seven stages. कवि ने संसार को एक रंगमंच के रूप में दर्शाया है। साधारण रंगमंच में अभिनेता द्वारा एक ही भूमिका का दर्शन है परन्तु सांसारिक रंगमंच में अभिनेता को बहुत सी भूमिकाओं का दर्शन होता है जिसको की सात चरणों में वर्णित किया है।
In simple words: On an ordinary stage, an actor typically plays a single role, whereas on the "worldly stage" of life, a person plays multiple roles throughout the seven stages of their existence.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly state the contrast: one role in conventional drama versus multiple roles in the drama of life, relating it to the seven stages.

Question 2.
What is the second stage played by man?
आदमी दूसरे चरण में क्या भूमिका अदा करता है?

Answer: In the second stage, he (man) is in the role of the mischievous and unwilling school-boy who goes to school, with his bag, creeping slowly and reluctantly. दूसरे चरण में आदमी द्वारा अदा की गई भूमिकाओं का वर्णन है। इस भूमिका में वह शरारती और अनिच्छा से स्कूल जाने लायक हो जाता है वह रोता हुआ अपने बस्ते के साथ स्कूल जाने में आनाकानी करता है।
In simple words: The second stage of man's life is that of a mischievous and unwilling school-boy who reluctantly creeps to school with his bag.

🎯 Exam Tip: Describe the key characteristics of the second stage: the 'unwilling school-boy' with his 'satchel', showing reluctance.

Question 3.
How does a lover tempts his mistress? ।
कैसे एक प्रेमी अपनी प्रेमिका को लुभाता ( आकर्षित करता ) है?

Answer: He (lover) plays a role of a youthful lover passionately sighing deep as the blast of furnace and composes tragic verses to the eye of his beloved. एक प्रेमी-एक प्रेमिका की याद में अनुराग पूर्वक सुलगता हुआ उसके बारे में सोचता है। उसी की याद में भट्टी की तरह गर्म आहें भरता है और उसकी (प्रेमिका) की याद में दुःख भरे गीत लिखता है।
In simple words: A lover tempts his mistress by sighing passionately like a furnace and writing mournful love poems dedicated to her eyes.

🎯 Exam Tip: Highlight the lover's dramatic expressions of emotion - 'sighing deep as the blast of furnace' and 'composes tragic verses' - as methods of temptation.

Question 4.
For what do the words 'good capon lined' stand? Good capon lines (fattened cocks received as presents).
शब्द का अर्थ बताइए ।

Answer: In words 'good capon lines' some critics have read an allusion to the prevalence of Corruption in Elizabethan times. The custom of offering chicken to the magistrates as a tip was common.
उसे एक न्यायवेत्ता के रूप में देखा जा सकता है। एक खाता-पीता, धनवान, मोटा और पैनी दृष्टि वाला पुरुष हमेशा दूसरों को नसीहत देता है और अपनी बुद्धिमता का प्रदर्शन करना चाहता है। उसकी आँखों में गम्भीरता भी है।
In simple words: 'Good capon lined' refers to a well-fed, wealthy person, suggesting a judge who accepted bribes (capons) and enjoyed a comfortable, opulent lifestyle during Elizabethan times.

🎯 Exam Tip: Explain the dual meaning: the literal translation of 'fattened' (well-fed) and the historical allusion to corruption where capons were given as bribes.

(B) Appreciating The Poem

Question 1.
Write down the central idea of the poem.
कविता का केन्द्रीय भाव लिखिए।

Answer: This world may be compared to a stage and men and women to the actors who have to play their parts in drama. Jaques' speech about the seven stages of a man's life is too famous to require any mention here. The world to him is a stage nothing more. Men and women are merely players with their exits and their entrances mechanically regulated movement in anephemeral pageant. The life of a man, as he pictures it, reproduces the condition of the imaginary state of nature. The dramatic function of this maxim is that it serves as a cue for Jaques to launch into his great set piece ‘All the World's a Stage' exactly as a casual line can be cue for a song in a musical comedy. Ingeniously Jaques lines one great common place-the world as a theatre, life as a play with another notion familiar to historians of ideas, the Seven Ages of Man. Man at each stage is anatomised. So we can divide the drama of a man's life in seven Acts. The come on and go off the stage in his life-time everyman plays different parts.
In simple words: The central idea of the poem is that life is like a play on a stage, with all men and women as actors who enter and exit, playing various roles through seven distinct stages, all predetermined and transient.

🎯 Exam Tip: Clearly articulate the metaphor of 'world as a stage' and 'humans as players', emphasizing the seven stages of life and the transient nature of existence.

Question 2.
Name the poet of the poem.
कविता के रचयिता का नाम लिखें।

🎯 Exam Tip: Ensure the full name "William Shakespeare" is spelled correctly.

Question 3.
Find out rhyming words in the poem.
इस कविता में तुकान्त शब्दों को बताइए ।

Answer: men-women, whining-morning, face-furnace, side-wide, all rhymes with each other.
In simple words: Some rhyming pairs in the poem include men-women, whining-morning, and face-furnace.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identify pairs of words that have similar ending sounds, even if their spellings differ significantly, to correctly list rhyming words.