UP Board Solutions Class 11 English Chapter 10 Double Parts of Speech Non Finites

Exercise 27

Question 1. He went to the station to see off his guests.
Answer: In this sentence, "to see off" is an infinitive, functioning as an adverbial phrase of purpose, indicating why he went to the station.
In simple words: The phrase "to see off" uses "to" with a verb and explains the reason for the action, making it an infinitive.

🎯 Exam Tip: Identifying infinitives (to + verb) and their function (as a noun, adjective, or adverb) is crucial for understanding non-finites.

Question 2. Asking question is easier than solving it.
Answer: "Asking" is a gerund, functioning as the subject of the sentence. "solving" is also a gerund, functioning as the object of the preposition "than".
In simple words: Both "Asking" and "solving" end in "-ing" but act like nouns in the sentence, referring to actions as concepts.

🎯 Exam Tip: Remember that gerunds (verb + -ing) act as nouns and can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence.

Question 3. Tired players sat down to rest.
Answer: "Tired" is a past participle, functioning as an adjective modifying "players". "to rest" is an infinitive, functioning as an adverbial phrase of purpose.
In simple words: "Tired" describes the players, while "to rest" explains the reason why they sat down.

🎯 Exam Tip: Participles can act as adjectives, and infinitives are frequently used to express the purpose of an action.

Question 4. You should have a balanced diet.
Answer: "balanced" is a past participle, functioning as an adjective modifying "diet".
In simple words: "Balanced" describes the kind of diet, even though it comes from the verb "to balance," showing it acts like an adjective here.

🎯 Exam Tip: Past participles can function as adjectives to describe nouns, often indicating a state or condition.

Question 5. He will go to the market to buy fruits.
Answer: "to buy" is an infinitive, functioning as an adverbial phrase of purpose.
In simple words: "To buy fruits" specifies the reason why he will go to the market.

🎯 Exam Tip: Infinitives commonly express purpose and answer the question "why?" for an action.

Question 6. Having finished their work all the clerks went to their homes.
Answer: "Having finished" is a perfect participle, functioning as an adverbial phrase indicating an action completed before the main verb.
In simple words: "Having finished" shows an action that was completed *before* the clerks went home, describing the prior state.

🎯 Exam Tip: Perfect participles (having + past participle) are used to indicate an action that was completed before another action in the sentence.

Question 7. Lata's singing pleased all.
Answer: "singing" is a gerund, functioning as the subject of the sentence, modified by the possessive "Lata's".
In simple words: Here, "singing" acts as a noun, referring to the act itself that brought pleasure.

🎯 Exam Tip: Gerunds, acting as nouns, can be modified by possessive nouns or pronouns to specify whose action it is.

Question 8. Having thanked the people the leader finished his speech.
Answer: "Having thanked" is a perfect participle, functioning as an adverbial phrase indicating an action completed prior to the main verb.
In simple words: "Having thanked" describes the action the leader completed *before* he finished his speech.

🎯 Exam Tip: When using perfect participles, ensure the action it describes logically precedes the main verb's action.

Question 9. To deceive anybody is sin.
Answer: "To deceive" is an infinitive, functioning as the subject of the sentence.
In simple words: The entire phrase "To deceive anybody" acts as the noun subject of the sentence, referring to the act itself.

🎯 Exam Tip: Infinitives can act as nouns, serving as the subject, object, or complement in a sentence.

Question 10. It is of no use weeping now.
Answer: "weeping" is a gerund, functioning as the object of the preposition "of".
In simple words: "Weeping" is the action that is being described as "of no use," and it follows the preposition "of" as a noun-like word.

🎯 Exam Tip: Gerunds frequently follow prepositions, functioning as the object of the preposition.

Question 11. Having buried the dead body all the people went to their homes.
Answer: "Having buried" is a perfect participle, functioning as an adverbial phrase of time or cause, indicating a prior completed action.
In simple words: "Having buried" tells us what action was finished *before* the people went home.

🎯 Exam Tip: Perfect participles are useful for showing that one action was completed before another, establishing a clear sequence of events.

Question 12. I am too careful to be deceived.
Answer: "to be deceived" is a passive infinitive, functioning as an adverbial phrase indicating result or extent.
In simple words: "To be deceived" explains the outcome of being "too careful" - that deception won't happen.

🎯 Exam Tip: Infinitives can be in the passive voice (to be + past participle) and often express a consequence or result.

Question 13. The Sikhs hate smoking.
Answer: "smoking" is a gerund, functioning as the direct object of the verb "hate".
In simple words: "Smoking" is the specific activity that the Sikhs hate, acting as a noun that receives the action of the verb.

🎯 Exam Tip: Gerunds can function as direct objects, answering "what?" after a transitive verb.

Question 14. Your habit of wasting time is not good.
Answer: "wasting" is a gerund, functioning as the object of the preposition "of".
In simple words: "Wasting time" specifies the nature of the "habit," acting as a noun phrase following the preposition.

🎯 Exam Tip: Many expressions involve prepositions followed by gerunds, so recognize "of wasting" as a common pattern.

Question 15. Does to seem to be a wise man?
Answer: "to seem" is an infinitive functioning as the subject of the interrogative sentence, and "to be" is an infinitive functioning as the complement of "seem".
In simple words: This question uses "to seem" as the main idea being questioned (like a noun), and "to be" completes the meaning by describing the state of being wise.

🎯 Exam Tip: Infinitives can serve multiple roles, including acting as subjects or completing the meaning of other verbs, even in complex sentence structures.