NEET Biology Structural Organisation in Animals MCQs Set 21

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Animal Tissues

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Animal Tissues below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Pheretima and its close relatives derive nourishment from:
(a) Sugarcane roots
(b) Decaying dead leaves and soil organic matter
(c) Food grains
(d) House fly
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Decaying dead leaves and soil organic matter

Explanation:
1. Earthworms are detritivores. They feed on dead leaves and the organic matter in the soil.

Teacher's Note:
1. They swallow soil along with the food.
2. The grinding is done in the gizzard.

Question 2: Which of the following is incorrect for Pheretima?
(a) Genital papillae are present on the 17th and 19th segments
(b) Male genital pores are present on the 18th segment
(c) The clitellum is present on segments 24, 25 and 26
(d) The segments of the earthworm are called somites
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) The clitellum is present on segments 24, 25 and 26

Explanation:
1. The clitellum lies on the 14th, 15th and 16th segments, not on segments 24 to 26.
2. The other three statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. The clitellum forms the cocoon.
2. Its position separates the pre-clitellar, clitellar and post-clitellar regions.

Question 3: The lateral hearts in the earthworm have:
(a) Four pairs of valves and are situated in segments 7 and 9
(b) Four pairs of valves and are situated in segments 6 and 9
(c) Three pairs of valves and are situated in segments 8 and 10
(d) Two pairs of valves and are situated in segments 7 and 11
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Four pairs of valves and are situated in segments 7 and 9

Explanation:
1. Pheretima has four pairs of lateral hearts, two pairs in segments 7 and 9 each.
2. They connect the dorsal and ventral vessels and have valves.

Teacher's Note:
1. There are also anterior loops in segments 12 and 13.
2. Valves keep the blood flowing in one direction.

Question 4: Which one of the following structures in Pheretima is correctly matched with its function?
(a) Clitellum : secretes the cocoon
(b) Gizzard : absorbs digested food
(c) Setae : provide defence against predators
(d) Typhlosole : storage of extra nutrients
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Clitellum : secretes the cocoon

Explanation:
1. The clitellum secretes the cocoon in which eggs are laid.
2. The gizzard grinds food, setae help in locomotion and the typhlosole increases absorption.

Teacher's Note:
1. Absorption takes place in the intestine.
2. Setae are chitinous bristles.

Question 5: Which of the following structures is correctly matched with its description?
(a) Septal nephridia and pharyngeal nephridia : both exonephric in earthworm
(b) Typhlosole : helps in grinding soil particles and decaying leaves in earthworm
(c) Hepatic caeca : blind tubules present at the junction of foregut and midgut in the alimentary canal of cockroach
(d) Gizzard : internal median fold present in the dorsal wall of the intestine of earthworm
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Hepatic caeca : blind tubules present at the junction of foregut and midgut in the alimentary canal of cockroach

Explanation:
1. Hepatic caeca of the cockroach are blind tubules at the junction of the foregut and midgut.
2. The other matches are wrong: septal and pharyngeal nephridia are enteronephric, and the typhlosole and gizzard are mismatched.

Teacher's Note:
1. Septal and pharyngeal nephridia open into the gut.
2. The typhlosole is the fold of the intestine.

Question 6: Which of the following layers will you find in the body wall of the earthworm, from outside to inside?
(a) Non-cellular cuticle, epidermis, circular muscles, longitudinal muscles, coelomic epithelium
(b) Cuticle, epidermis, longitudinal muscles, circular muscles, coelomic epithelium
(c) Non-cellular cuticle, epidermis, coelomic epithelium, circular muscles, longitudinal muscles
(d) Cuticle, epidermis, peritoneal muscles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Non-cellular cuticle, epidermis, circular muscles, longitudinal muscles, coelomic epithelium

Explanation:
1. The body wall of the earthworm has an outer non-cellular cuticle, then the epidermis, circular muscles, longitudinal muscles and finally coelomic epithelium.

Teacher's Note:
1. The circular muscle layer lies outside the longitudinal layer.
2. Coelomic epithelium lines the coelom.

Question 7: Which of the following statements are correct about excretion in the earthworm?
(i) Earthworm is mainly ureotelic.
(ii) Septal nephridia are present on both sides of the intersegmental septa from segment 15 to the last and open into the intestine.
(iii) Integumentary nephridia are attached to the lining of the body wall from segment 3 to the last and open on the body surface.
(iv) Different types of nephridia are basically similar in structure.
(v) Nephridia regulate the volume and composition of body fluids.
(a) (i) and (iv)
(b) (iv) and (v)
(c) (i), (ii), (iii)
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. All five statements are correct descriptions of the excretory system of Pheretima.

Teacher's Note:
1. Earthworms excrete urea (ureotelic).
2. There are three types of nephridia: septal, integumentary and pharyngeal.

Question 8: Which type of nephridia in the earthworm is present on both sides of the intersegmental septa from the 15th segment to the last and opens into the intestine?
(a) Pharyngeal
(b) Septal
(c) Integumentary
(d) Both 2 and 3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Septal

Explanation:
1. Septal nephridia occur on both sides of the septa from the 15th segment onwards and open into the intestine.

Teacher's Note:
1. Integumentary nephridia open on the body surface.
2. Pharyngeal nephridia lie in segments 4 to 6.

Question 9: Earthworms have no skeleton, but during burrowing the anterior end becomes turgid and acts as a hydraulic skeleton. This is due to:
(a) Gut movement
(b) Setae
(c) Heart pulsation
(d) Coelomic fluid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Coelomic fluid

Explanation:
1. The coelomic fluid fills the coelom and, under pressure from the muscles, makes the anterior end rigid.

Teacher's Note:
1. This acts like a hydraulic skeleton.
2. Setae then anchor the body in the soil.

Question 10: In Pheretima there are red coloured round bodies in the 4th, 5th and 6th segments above the alimentary canal. They are believed to be involved in:
(a) Excretion
(b) Reproduction
(c) Formation of blood cells and haemoglobin
(d) Digestion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Formation of blood cells and haemoglobin

Explanation:
1. These bodies are the blood glands.
2. They produce blood cells and haemoglobin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Haemoglobin is dissolved in the plasma.
2. The blood glands lie in segments 4, 5 and 6.

Question 11: The body of a cockroach is armoured with chitinous plates, whereas that of an earthworm is without an exoskeleton. What is true about the significance of these adaptations?
(a) In the cockroach, the exoskeleton prevents loss of moisture and entry of pathogens
(b) In the earthworm, phagocytic cells of the coelomic fluid perform almost the same function
(c) In the earthworm, the presence of a mucus-rich surface compensates in respiration as well as locomotion
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. The cockroach's exoskeleton protects it from water loss and infection, while the earthworm uses phagocytes of the coelomic fluid and a moist mucus-covered skin for protection, respiration and movement.

Teacher's Note:
1. All three statements are correct.
2. The earthworm breathes through its moist skin.

Question 12: Mark the incorrect statement for Pheretima.
(a) Fertilisation and development take place in the cocoon
(b) The clitellum forms the cocoon on segments 14, 15 and 16
(c) There is no larval stage, i.e. development is direct
(d) The mouth is placed in the first segment called the prostomium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) The mouth is placed in the first segment called the prostomium

Explanation:
1. The mouth lies in the first segment, the peristomium, while the prostomium is a small lobe above the mouth.
2. The other statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Development is direct, without a larva.
2. The prostomium is sensory.

Question 13: In Pheretima, sperms of the same earthworm are stored in:
(a) Seminal vesicle
(b) Diverticulum of spermatheca
(c) Ampulla of spermatheca
(d) Prostate gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Seminal vesicle

Explanation:
1. The earthworm's own sperms are stored in the seminal vesicles.
2. Sperms of another earthworm are received in the spermathecae.

Teacher's Note:
1. The spermathecae store sperms received during copulation.
2. Fertilisation is cross type and external.

Question 14: Arrange the external openings and their segmental positions in Pheretima.
List I: (A) Male genital apertures, (B) Mid-dorsal pore, (C) Spermathecal apertures, (D) Pharyngeal nephridia
List II: (1) Between segments 12/13 to the last, (2) 4th to 6th segments, (3) 18th segment, (4) From 5/6 to 8/9 segments
(a) A = 2, B = 3, C = 1, D = 4
(b) A = 2, B = 1, C = 3, D = 4
(c) A = 3, B = 1, C = 4, D = 2
(d) A = 3, B = 4, C = 2, D = 1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A = 3, B = 1, C = 4, D = 2

Explanation:
1. Male genital apertures are on the 18th segment, the mid-dorsal pores start between segments 12 and 13, spermathecal apertures are between segments 5/6 to 8/9, and the pharyngeal nephridia lie in the 4th to 6th segments.

Teacher's Note:
1. The female genital pore is on the 14th segment.
2. Dorsal pores open from the coelom.

Question 15: In the earthworm, the dorsal wall of the intestine from the 26th to the 95th segment forms a median internal fold called:
(a) Blind duct
(b) Clitellum
(c) Typhlosole
(d) Nephridia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Typhlosole

Explanation:
1. This fold is the typhlosole, which increases the absorptive area.

Teacher's Note:
1. It lies from the 26th to the 95th segment.
2. Intestinal caeca are in segments 26.

Question 16: The female genital aperture in the earthworm is present on which side of the body?
(a) Ventro-lateral
(b) Mid-ventral
(c) Mid-dorsal
(d) Mid-lateral
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Mid-ventral

Explanation:
1. A single median female genital pore lies mid-ventrally on the 14th segment.

Teacher's Note:
1. The male pores are on the ventro-lateral side of the 18th segment.
2. Spermathecal openings are ventro-lateral.

Question 17: The function of the blood glands in the earthworm is:
(a) Maintenance of blood volume
(b) Maintenance of blood circulation
(c) Production of RBC
(d) Production of blood cells and haemoglobin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Production of blood cells and haemoglobin

Explanation:
1. Blood glands in segments 4 to 6 produce blood cells (phagocytes) and haemoglobin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Earthworm haemoglobin is dissolved in the plasma.
2. The blood cells are colourless.

Question 18: In the earthworm, the second layer of the body wall is made up of:
(a) Collagen fibres
(b) Fibrous connective tissue
(c) Nervous tissue
(d) Columnar epithelium cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Columnar epithelium cells

Explanation:
1. Below the outer cuticle lies the epidermis, which consists of a single layer of columnar epithelial cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. The epidermis has gland cells.
2. These cells secrete the mucus.

Question 19: Which of the following exhibits sexual dimorphism?
(a) Frog
(b) Leech
(c) Earthworm
(d) Taenia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Frog

Explanation:
1. Male and female frogs differ in appearance, so the frog is sexually dimorphic.
2. The male has vocal sacs and a copulatory pad.

Teacher's Note:
1. Leech, earthworm and Taenia are hermaphrodites.
2. Sexual dimorphism means difference between the sexes.

Question 20: A male frog can be distinguished from a female frog by the presence of:
(a) Vocal sacs and a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb
(b) A neck and tail
(c) Five digits on the hind limbs
(d) Bulging eyes covered by the nictitating membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Vocal sacs and a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb

Explanation:
1. The male frog has vocal sacs and a copulatory pad on the first digit of the forelimb.
2. The other features are present in both sexes.

Teacher's Note:
1. The female lacks these.
2. Vocal sacs help to produce the croaking sound.

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