NEET Biology Reproduction in Organisms Important Questions Set 02

These Class 12 NEET Biology important questions on Reproduction in Organisms give 26 questions with step-by-step answers, arranged as very short, short and long answer types, taken from a model test paper. They help NEET aspirants revise the definitions, structures, differences and key terms of the chapter.

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1. Define clone.
Answer: Morphologically and genetically similar individuals.

Question 2. Do higher plants also show asexual reproduction? If yes, then through which method?
Answer: Yes, vegetative propagation.

Question 3. Site an example of organism which reproduces through budding and binary fission.

Answer:

Budding – Yeast

Binary fission – Amoeba, Bacteria

Question 4. Choose odd one w.r.t. structure produced in sexual reproduction
Gamete, zygote, conidiospore, embryo
Answer: Conidiospore.

Question 5. Name of juvenile phase in plants is _____.
Answer: Vegetative phase

Question 6. Name the areas where Strobilanthus kunthiana flourish in India?
Answer: Hilly areas of Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu.

Question 7. Mention name of an alga which forms isogametes.
Answer: Cladophora (alga)

Question 8. Find the number of chromosomes in meiocyte of plant if gamete contain 21 chromosomes.
Answer: Meiocyte (2N) = 42

Question 9. Syngamy in sexual reproduction is preceded by _________.
Answer: Gamete formation and transfer

Question 10. Cell differentiation is part of which phase of sexual reproduction.
Answer: Embryogenesis (post-fertilisation event)

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 11. Among two categories of gamete which one is seen in majority of sexually reproducing organisms. In such organisms what and gamete is called?

Answer:

Heterogametes are seen in majoritly of organisms.

– Antherozoid or sperm

– Egg or ovum

Question 12. (a) What is interflowering period?
(b) Name two plants showing this condition.

Answer:

(a) It is a recovery phase between two flowering in polycarpic plant.

(b) Mango, Apple

Question 13. What are the advantages of asexual reproduction over sexual one?

Answer:

Advantages :

1. Large number of progeny is produced

2. Simple process

3. Use less energy

Question 14. Give schematic representation of zoospore and conidia formation.

Answer:

Conidia

Zoospore

Zoosporangium

Question 15. Mention two main features of gamete.

Answer:

(Any two)

(i) Universally haploid

(ii) Can be produced through mitosis or meiosis.

(iii) They are sex cells.

Question 16. Name the most invasive aquatic weed. Is it an exotic species?
Answer: The most invasive aquatic weed is Water hyacinth. Yes, it is an exotic weed introduced in India for its beautiful flowers and shape of leaves.

Question 17. Can you differentiate between flowering pattern of bamboo and Strobilanthus?

Answer:

Question 18. Synchrony between release of and gametes is present in which type of fertilisation? What are disadvantages of this fertilisation?
Answer: In external fertilisation great synchrony is there in release of gametes. Disadvantage is that the offsprings are extremely vulnerable to predators threatening their survival upto adulthood.

Question 19. Mention about the motile nature of gametes shown in majority of organisms as well as in angiosperms.

Answer:

Question 20. Is embryogenesis universal feature in all sexually reproducing organisms? Justify.
Answer: No, it is not a universal feature in all sexually reproducing organisms. In lower plants like algae embryo formation is absent.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 21. (a) Compare below given structures w.r.t. type of bud, presence, method of reproduction involved.
(b) Mention name of two vegetative propagules which are sub-aerial.
(c) Define life span.
(d) Give two special features about life spans with explanation.
(e) Give life span of : Banana tree, Banyan tree.
Tuber Leaf

Answer:

(a)

(b) Runner, offset

(c) The period from birth to natural death of an organism represents its life span.

(d) The life span shows variation from few days to as long as few thousand years. Few days – fruit fly, peepal tree – few thousand years.

Life spans of organisms are not necessarily correlated with the sizes. For example, mango tree has life span of 200 years and peepal tree of 2500 years.

(e) Banana tree – 25 years

Banyan tree – 300 years

Question 22. (a) Give four differences between the below given thalli of Marchantia.
A B
(b) Categorise the given below features into the three events of sexual reproduction.
Zygote formation, Pollination, Transfer of male gamete, Cell differentiation, Syngamy, Fruit formation, Embryogenesis, Egg formation, Meiosis (haplontic life cycle)
Female thallus (A) Male thallus (B)

Answer:

(a)

(b). (i) Pre-fertilisation – Pollination, Transfer of male gamete, Egg formation

(ii) Fertilisation – Zygote formation, Syngamy

(iii) Post-fertilisation – Cell differentiation, Fruit formation, Embryogenesis, Meiosis (haplontic life cycle)

Question 23. (a) (i) For which of the following organisms there is no natural death?
Bacteria, Unicellular alga, Protists, Marchantia, Amoeba
(ii) For above given organisms site main mode of reproduction involved.
(b) For the given below structure give five points.

Answer:

(a) (i) For Bacteria, Unicellular algae, Protists, Amoeba, there is no natural death.

(ii) Bacteria – Asexual

Unicellular alga – Asexual

Protists – Asexual

Marchantia – Sexual

Amoeba – Asexual
(b) (i) Bulbil

(ii) Seen is Agave

(iii) Vegetative propagule

(iv) Produce clone

(v) Large size bud

Question 24. (a) (i) Site examples of lower plants showing monoecious and dioecious condition.
(ii) In these organisms at which stage meiosis occurs.
(iii) Mention type of life cycle.
(b) Mention the ploidy of main body in the following.
(i) Bryophytes
(ii) Pteridophytes
(iii) Gymnosperms
(iv) Angiosperms
(v) Most of algae

Answer:

(a) (i) Monoecious – Chara

Dioecious – Marchantia

(ii) Chara – Zygotic meiosis

Marchantia – Sporic meiosis

(iii) Chara – Haplontic life cycle

Marchantia – Haplodiplontic life cycle.

(b) (i) n

(ii) 2n

(iii) 2n

(iv) 2n

(v) n

Question 25. Give appropriate answers for life cycle sequence for bamboo.
Juvenile A Senescence
(a) What does A represent?
(b) What is so unusual about flowering phenomenon?
(c) Mention its category w.r.t. flowering, fruiting pattern.
(d) Can we say it shows clear cut distinction between three phases of its life cycle?
(e) What is the other name of juvenile phase in this plant?

Answer:

(a) Reproductive phase

(b) 50–100 years

(c) Monocarpic, as it flower and fruit once during life time.

(d) Yes, as interflowering period is absent.

(e) Vegetative phase

Question 26. (a) Which mode of reproduction is responsible for creating genetic variations in progeny?
(b) How is it possible?
(c) Only sexual mode of reproduction is present in most of the plants. Is this statement true or false? Justify it.
(d) Amongst two modes of reproduction which one is slow?

Answer:

(a) Sexual reproduction is responsible for creating genetic variations.

(b) New organism produce, inherits chromosomes contributed from two different gametes as well as there is involvement of meiosis resulting in generation of variations.

(c) Both asexual and sexual reproduction are exhibited by higher plants. The type of asexual reproduction which is present is vegetative propagation where vegetative or somatic parts of plant can give rise to new individual.

(d) Sexual reproduction is a slow process.