NEET Biology Plant Growth and Development MCQs Set 06

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Plant Growth and Development

View or download the dedicated Plant Growth and Development MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following structures show unlimited growth in plants?
(a) Leaves
(b) Flowers
(c) Fruits
(d) Roots
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Roots

Explanation:
1. Roots, stems show continuous, indeterminate growth due to presence of apical meristem.
2. Leaves, fruits, flowers show closed, determinate growth due to intercalary meristem.

Question 2: Growth of an organ is defined as
(a) Infinite increase in size
(b) Irreversible increase in size
(c) Reversible increase in size
(d) Infinite and reversible increase in size
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Irreversible increase in size

Explanation:
1. Organs show limited growth and growth is irreversible.

Question 3: Which type of cells have the capacity of self perpetuation?
(a) Meristematic cells
(b) Companion cells
(c) Sieve cells
(d) Parenchyma cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Meristematic cells

Explanation:
1. These cells are in state of continuous division i.e, they are capable of self perpetuation, have power to continue indefinitely through division.

Question 4: Plant growth is unique in being
(a) Closed
(b) Unlimited
(c) Diffuse
(d) Limited
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Unlimited

Explanation:
1. Plants show indeterminate or unlimited growth, throughout their, life.
2. Hence, we say that plant growth is unique in being unlimited.

Question 5: Which of the following is difficult to measure directly?
(a) Increase in protoplasm content
(b) Increase in surface area
(c) Increase in dry weight
(d) Increase in volume
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Increase in protoplasm content

Explanation:
1. Increase in protoplasm content is difficult to measure, while surface area, volume and dry weight measurement are easy.

Question 6: Which phase of a sigmoid curve explains the initial phase of growth when growth rate is very slow?
(a) Log phase
(b) Lag phase
(c) Stationary phase
(d) Maturation phase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Lag phase

Explanation:
1. Starting or initial phase.

Question 7: ______ curve is obtained for cells in culture.
(a) J-shaped
(b) Linear
(c) V-shaped
(d) S-shaped
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) S-shaped

Explanation:
1. S-shaped curve.
2. Stationary Growth Exponential Lag Time.

Question 8: A Leaf of 20 cm2 grows 5 cm2 per hour and B Leaf of 25 cm2 grows 5 cm2 per hour The relative growth rate of leaf A and B respectively is
(a) 25% and 20%
(b) 20% and 25%
(c) 50% and 100%
(d) 25% and 50%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 25% and 20%

Explanation:
1. 25% & 20% 5 5 Growth per unit time  100  100 Relative growth rate =  100 20 25 Intial size 25% 20%.

Question 9: What happens to the growth of roots during water logging conditions?
(a) Growth is accelerated
(b) Growth is inhibited
(c) Growth remains constant
(d) First growth is accelerated and then stops
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Growth is inhibited

Explanation:
1. Oxygen deficiency occurs due to water logging, thus growth is inhibited.

Question 10: Which of the following is not a function of water in plants?
(a) It is responsible for cell elongation
(b) It maintains the turgidity of cells
(c) It acts as a source of energy
(d) It provides medium for enzymatic activities
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) It acts as a source of energy

Explanation:
1. It is not producing energy.
2. It helps in maintaining turgidity, cell elongation and in enzymatic activities.

Question 11: Which abiotic factor is not essential for early growth of the plant but growth is sustained only in its presence?
(a) Water
(b) Oxygen
(c) Nutrients
(d) Light
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Light

Explanation:
1. Abiotic means non-living.
2. Light is not required for early growth but growth will continue only in its presence.
3. Water, nutrients, oxygen are required for early growth.

Question 12: Which factor determines the direction of movement of main root and stem?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Gravity
(c) Temperature
(d) Nutrients
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Gravity

Explanation:
1. Root is positive geotropic while stem is negative geotropic.

Question 13: Tracheids do not collapse under extreme tension due to the presence of
(a) Strong, elastic lignocellulosic secondary cell wall
(b) Thick, cellulosic primary cell wall
(c) Thin, elastic, cellulosic primary cell wall
(d) Thick, hard suberised secondary cell wall
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Strong, elastic lignocellulosic secondary cell wall

Explanation:
1. This is so because tracheids have made themselves strong, elastic etc by process of differentiation i.e., specialised for particular function.

Question 14: Cork, secondary cortex and secondary xylem are formed through
(a) Dedifferentiation
(b) Redifferentiation
(c) Differentiation
(d) Obliteration
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Redifferentiation

Explanation:
1. Cork, secondary cortex and secondary xylem all are secondary structure formed from dedifferentiated cell by redifferentiation and are responsible for secondary growth.

Question 15: Which of the following is formed after dedifferentiation?
(a) Secondary phloem
(b) Secondary cortex
(c) Parenchyma
(d) Interfascicular vascular cambium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Interfascicular vascular cambium

Explanation:
1. This option, Interfascicular vascular cambium, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 16: Which phytohormone promotes falling of old leaves whereas inhibits falling of young leaves?
(a) ABA
(b) Cytokinin
(c) GA
(d) Auxin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Auxin

Explanation:
1. Auxin hormone prevent falling of young leaves but promotes falling of old leaves.

Question 17: Which auxins are used in diluted form to produce parthenocarpic fruits?
(a) IAA and IBA
(b) 2, 4-D and IBA
(c) NAA and GA
(d) 2, 4-D and IAA
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) IAA and IBA

Explanation:
1. IAA and IBA used in parthenocarpy.
2. Parthenocarpic i.e., seedless fruits are produced by using diluted form of IAA and IBA e.g., tomato.

Question 18: Which of the following auxin is widely used as weedicide?
(a) IAA
(b) IBA
(c) 2, 4-D
(d) NAA
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 2, 4-D

Explanation:
1. It is used to remove unwanted weeds/plants, having broad leaves.

Question 19: Which of the following is not a function of gibberellic acid?
(a) Bolting
(b) Delayed senescence
(c) Seed germination
(d) Ripening
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ripening

Explanation:
1. Ethylene do ripening.

Question 20: Apical dominance is stimulated by auxin whereas it is inhibited by
(a) Ethylene
(b) ABA
(c) Gibberellic acid
(d) Cytokinin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Cytokinin

Explanation:
1. Cytokinine is antagonistic to auxin.

Question 21: Phytohormones responsible for cell division in callus are ______ and ______.
(a) ABA and cytokinin
(b) Gibberellin and ethylene
(c) Auxin and cytokinin
(d) Ethylene and cytokinin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Auxin and cytokinin

Explanation:
1. Auxin stimulates root formation and cytokinin promotes shoot formation during morphogenesis.

Question 22: Which phytohormone is synthesised in ripened fruits?
(a) ABA
(b) Auxin
(c) Cytokinin
(d) Ethylene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ethylene

Explanation:
1. It causes ripening of fruits.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Plant Growth and Development

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FAQs

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