NEET Biology Morphology of Flowering Plants MCQs Set 24

Answer: (b) mesocarp

Explanation:
1. The edible part of the mango is the fleshy mesocarp.
2. The epicarp is the skin and the endocarp is the hard stone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mango is a drupe.
2. Fleshy mesocarp is the juicy part.

Answer: (b) sucker

Explanation:
1. New banana plants grow from suckers, which are lateral shoots arising from the underground rhizome.
2. They are a natural vegetative method.

Teacher's Note:
1. Banana is propagated by suckers.
2. Mint also propagates by suckers.

Answer: (c) bulbils

Explanation:
1. Agave reproduces vegetatively by bulbils, which are fleshy buds that develop in the inflorescence.
2. Rhizome is for ginger and stolon is for strawberry.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bulbils are special vegetative buds.
2. Agave also forms them on flower stalks.

Answer: (b) drupe

Explanation:
1. The mango (Mangifera indica) fruit is a drupe: a fleshy mesocarp with a hard stony endocarp and one seed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Drupes have a stony endocarp.
2. Coconut and mango are drupes.

Answer: (c) inflorescence

Explanation:
1. Hypanthodium is a type of inflorescence found in Ficus, with many tiny flowers inside a hollow fleshy receptacle.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fig has a hypanthodium.
2. Cyathium is found in Euphorbia.

Answer: (c) Terminalia

Explanation:
1. Buttress roots are plank-like roots at the base of large trees, such as Terminalia, and give them support.
2. Banyan has prop roots and Pandanus has stilt roots.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prop roots hang from branches.
2. Stilt roots arise from the stem base.

Answer: (b) Mesocarp

Explanation:
1. Coir is the fibre from the mesocarp of the coconut fruit.
2. The hard shell is endocarp and the coconut water is liquid endosperm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Coir has many uses.
2. Fibrous mesocarp is characteristic of coconut.

Answer: (d) Coconut

Explanation:
1. A true fruit develops only from the ovary.
2. The coconut is a drupe from the ovary, while apple, pear and cashew nut have a fleshy part from the thalamus or stalk (false fruits).

Teacher's Note:
1. False fruits include part of the thalamus.
2. Apple and pear are pomes.

Answer: (b) fleshy aril

Explanation:
1. In litchi the edible part is the fleshy white aril, an outgrowth of the funicle.
2. The pericarp is not eaten.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aril is an extra seed covering.
2. Nutmeg's mace is also an aril.

Answer: (a) Turnip

Explanation:
1. The sweet potato is a modified root (root tuber), and turnip is also a modified root.
2. Potato and ginger are stems and colocasia is a corm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Homologous organs have the same origin.
2. Sweet potato is an adventitious root tuber.

Answer: (b) Axile

Explanation:
1. In tomato and lemon, the ovary is multilocular and the ovules are on the central axis, giving axile placentation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Axile placentation occurs in China rose too.
2. Parietal is in mustard.

Answer: (c) Tomato

Explanation:
1. In tomato, the pericarp and the fleshy placenta are both eaten.
2. In apple the thalamus is eaten, and in banana the mesocarp and endocarp are eaten.

Teacher's Note:
1. Berry has a fleshy pericarp.
2. Tomato's placenta forms the pulp.

Answer: (d) Potato

Explanation:
1. The potato is a stem tuber (underground edible stem).
2. Carrot and sweet potato are roots, and groundnut is a seed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Potato has eyes (nodes) that give buds.
2. It is a modified stem.

Answer: (d) Opuntia

Explanation:
1. In Opuntia the leaves are modified into spines to reduce water loss, and the stem is flat and fleshy.
2. Pea leaves have tendrils and onion has fleshy leaves.

Teacher's Note:
1. Spines reduce transpiration.
2. Opuntia photosynthesises with its stem.

Answer: (c) Lemon

Explanation:
1. Axile placentation has ovules on a central axis in a multilocular ovary, as in lemon.
2. Argemone has parietal, Dianthus has free central and pea has marginal placentation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Match each plant with its placentation type.
2. Axile placentation: China rose, tomato, lemon.