Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Mineral Nutrition
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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Mineral Nutrition
View or download the dedicated Mineral Nutrition MCQ resource below. Practicing these 50 objective questions regularly builds familiarity with standard exam patterns and helps secure higher marks in final Biology evaluations.
Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Oxidation of NO3−
(b) Reduction of NO3−
(c) Reduction of NH4+
(d) Oxidation of NO3− to NO2−
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Reduction of NO3−
Explanation:
1. Nitrate is reduced to nitrite and then to ammonia inside the plant.
2. The reactions are carried out by nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase.
Teacher's Note:
1. Assimilation is reduction, while nitrification is oxidation.
(a) Structural elements : Mg, K, Fe
(b) Energy related elements : C, H, O, N
(c) Enzyme activation elements : Mo, Mg
(d) Osmotic regulation elements : Mg, P
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Enzyme activation elements : Mo, Mg
Explanation:
1. Mo and Mg are activators of enzymes.
2. Structural elements are C, H, O, N, energy related elements are Mg and P, and osmotic regulators are K and Cl.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the functional groups of elements from the NCERT table.
(a) Azotobacter
(b) Clostridium
(c) Rhodospirillum
(d) Rhodopseudomonas
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Azotobacter
Explanation:
1. Azotobacter is an aerobic free-living nitrogen fixer.
2. Clostridium, Rhodospirillum and Rhodopseudomonas fix nitrogen anaerobically.
Teacher's Note:
1. Aerobic: Azotobacter and Beijerinckia. Anaerobic: Clostridium and the photosynthetic bacteria.
(a) Fe
(b) S
(c) Ca
(d) P
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Ca
Explanation:
1. Calcium is needed for the mitotic spindle and for membrane function.
2. It is immobile, so it accumulates in older leaves.
Teacher's Note:
1. Calcium is also part of the middle lamella as calcium pectate.
(a) B
(b) Zn
(c) Cu
(d) Cl
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Zn
Explanation:
1. Zinc is needed for the synthesis of tryptophan, the precursor of indole acetic acid.
2. So Zn deficiency lowers auxin levels.
Teacher's Note:
1. Little leaf and Khaira diseases are due to Zn deficiency.
(a) B
(b) Zn
(c) Cu
(d) Fe
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) B
Explanation:
1. Boron is needed for Ca2+ uptake and use, membrane function, pollen germination and cell elongation.
2. Zn, Cu and Fe have other roles.
Teacher's Note:
1. B deficiency leads to brown heart of beet and death of apical buds.
(a) Ammonification
(b) Biological nitrogen fixation
(c) Denitrification
(d) Nitrification
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Denitrification
Explanation:
1. Denitrification converts nitrate in the soil into gaseous nitrogen that escapes to the air.
2. The other processes add or convert nitrogen compounds in the soil.
Teacher's Note:
1. Waterlogged soils favour denitrification.
(a) Critical concentration
(b) Toxic concentration
(c) Beneficial concentration
(d) Transition concentration
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Toxic concentration
Explanation:
1. A concentration that reduces dry weight of tissue by about 10 percent is the toxic concentration.
2. The critical concentration is the level below which growth is retarded.
Teacher's Note:
1. Critical level is for deficiency and toxic level is for excess.
(a) Only in some eukaryotes
(b) Exclusively in prokaryotes
(c) Exclusively in eukaryotes
(d) In all living organisms
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Exclusively in prokaryotes
Explanation:
1. Only certain bacteria and cyanobacteria possess nitrogenase.
2. No eukaryote can fix nitrogen by itself.
Teacher's Note:
1. Eukaryotic hosts such as legumes depend on prokaryotic symbionts.
(a) Garden pea
(b) Alfalfa
(c) Sweet clover
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) All of the above
Explanation:
1. Garden pea, alfalfa and sweet clover are all legumes.
2. Rhizobium forms nodules on legume roots.
Teacher's Note:
1. Different Rhizobium species are specific to different legumes.
(a) The COOH part of the acid is replaced by NH2
(b) The NH2 part of the acid is replaced by COOH
(c) The OH part of the acid group is replaced by NH2
(d) The NH2 part of the acid is replaced by OH
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) The OH part of the acid group is replaced by NH2
Explanation:
1. Amides such as asparagine and glutamine form when the -OH of the second carboxyl group of an amino acid is replaced by -NH2.
2. The amino group at the alpha carbon is not affected.
Teacher's Note:
1. Asparagine comes from aspartic acid and glutamine from glutamic acid.
(a) Mostly passive with water absorption
(b) Mostly passive without water absorption
(c) Mostly active
(d) Always active
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Mostly active
Explanation:
1. Most mineral ions are present at higher concentration inside root cells than in soil, so they must be taken up by active transport.
2. Passive absorption occurs only for a limited number of ions.
Teacher's Note:
1. Active uptake needs ATP and carrier proteins.
(a) For RuBisCO of cyanobacteria
(b) For nitrogenase enzyme
(c) For RuBisCO of eukaryotic organisms
(d) For transaminase activity
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) For nitrogenase enzyme
Explanation:
1. Molybdenum is a constituent of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase.
2. It is not part of RuBisCO or of transaminases.
Teacher's Note:
1. Transaminase activity needs pyridoxal phosphate, which comes from vitamin B6.
(a) It can never be substituted by another mineral
(b) It must be directly involved in plant metabolism
(c) Plants do not complete their life cycle in the absence of this mineral
(d) The mineral must be present for the activity of all enzymes
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) The mineral must be present for the activity of all enzymes
Explanation:
1. An essential element is not required for all enzymes; each element works on certain enzymes only.
2. The other three statements are criteria of essentiality.
Teacher's Note:
1. The criteria are: needed for life cycle, specific and irreplaceable, and directly involved in metabolism.
| Column I | Column II | Column III | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A | Molybdenum | a | Macronutrient | i | Middle lamella |
| B | Zinc | b | Micronutrient | ii | Stomatal movement |
| C | Calcium | c | Trace element | iii | Auxin |
| D | Potassium | d | Macronutrient | iv | Nitrate reductase |
(a) A-d-i, B-b-ii, C-a-iii, D-c-iv
(b) A-a-iv, B-d-iii, C-c-ii, D-b-i
(c) A-b-iv, B-c-iii, C-d-i, D-a-ii
(d) A-a-ii, B-b-iv, C-c-i, D-d-iii
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A-b-iv, B-c-iii, C-d-i, D-a-ii
Explanation:
1. Molybdenum is a micronutrient and part of nitrate reductase (A-b-iv).
2. Zinc is a trace element needed for auxin synthesis (B-c-iii).
3. Calcium is a macronutrient found in the middle lamella (C-d-i), and potassium is a macronutrient that controls stomatal movement (D-a-ii).
Teacher's Note:
1. Match element, category and function in three steps. Rows b and c are both about small requirements, while a and d are macronutrients.
| (i) | Manganese | (a) | Little leaf disease |
| (ii) | Zinc | (b) | Stout axis |
| (iii) | Boron | (c) | Splitting of water |
| (iv) | Molybdenum | (d) | Nitrogen metabolism |
(a) i-c, ii-b, iii-a, iv-d
(b) i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d
(c) i-b, ii-a, iii-d, iv-c
(d) i-c, ii-b, iii-d, iv-a
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) i-c, ii-a, iii-b, iv-d
Explanation:
1. Manganese is needed for splitting of water, so i matches c.
2. Zinc deficiency causes little leaf, so ii matches a.
3. Boron deficiency gives a stout axis, so iii matches b, and molybdenum is needed for nitrogen metabolism, so iv matches d.
Teacher's Note:
1. Stout axis (short thick stem) is a boron deficiency symptom.
(a) A = Mg, B = Fe, Ca and Zn
(b) A = Mn, B = Mg, Ca and Zn
(c) A = Mn, B = Mg and Fe
(d) A = Mg, B = Mn, Fe and Ca
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A = Mn, B = Mg and Fe
Explanation:
1. Excess manganese inhibits the uptake of iron and magnesium.
2. It also competes with them at enzyme sites, so A is Mn and B is Mg and Fe.
Teacher's Note:
1. Manganese toxicity: Fe, Mg and Ca deficiency symptoms may be seen.
(a) Krebs cycle
(b) Amino acid biosynthesis
(c) Nitrogen fixation
(d) Nitrate reduction
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Amino acid biosynthesis
Explanation:
1. Glutamate dehydrogenase combines ammonia with alpha-ketoglutarate to form glutamate.
2. Glutamate is the starting amino acid for the synthesis of others.
Teacher's Note:
1. Reductive amination, transamination and amide formation are the ways of ammonia assimilation.
Assertion (A): Hydroponics is one of the investigative methods to study mineral requirements of plants.
Reason (R): By hydroponics, essential elements were identified and their deficiency symptoms discovered.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Growing plants in a nutrient solution lets one remove a single element at a time.
2. This is how the essential elements and their deficiency symptoms were found, so R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Hydroponics is also used commercially to grow tomato, seedless cucumber and lettuce.
Assertion (A): In hydroponics, nutrient solutions must be adequately aerated.
Reason (R): Proper aeration does not allow precipitation of minerals.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. The roots need oxygen for respiration, which gives energy for active uptake of minerals, so A is true.
2. Aeration is not meant to prevent precipitation, so R is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Poor aeration retards growth by limiting root respiration.
Assertion (A): Deficiency of any essential element cannot be met by supplying some other element.
Reason (R): The requirement of an essential element is specific and not replaceable.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Each essential element has its own role that no other element can take over.
2. This specificity is why deficiency of one cannot be made up by another.
Teacher's Note:
1. Irreplaceability is one criterion of essentiality.
Assertion (A): Boron is one of the essential micronutrients or trace elements.
Reason (R): Boron is needed in small amount between 10 to 100 mmole per kg of dry matter.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.
Explanation:
1. Boron is needed in trace quantities, so it is an essential micronutrient and A is true.
2. Micronutrients occur below 10 mmole per kg of dry weight, so R is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Micronutrient requirement is less than 10 mmole per kg dry weight.
Assertion (A): Potassium plays an important role in opening and closing of stomata.
Reason (R): In cells, K can be found in free form and regulates the osmotic potential of the cell.
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) A is false, but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
1. Potassium ions are free in the cell and enter guard cells to raise their osmotic potential.
2. Water then enters and the stomata open, so R explains A.
Teacher's Note:
1. Potassium also maintains the cation-anion balance of the cell.
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FAQs
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