NEET Biology Locomotion and Movement MCQs Set 14

Answer: (b) Glenoid cavity

Explanation:
1. The pectoral girdle consists of the clavicle and scapula; the glenoid cavity is a socket on the scapula.
2. The ilium and acetabulum belong to the pelvic girdle and the sternum belongs to the axial skeleton.

Teacher's Note:
1. Glenoid cavity: shoulder joint socket.
2. Acetabulum: hip joint socket.

Answer: (b) Ischium & Pubis

Explanation:
1. The obturator foramen is the large opening in the hip bone bounded by the ischium and pubis.
2. It lets nerves and vessels pass.

Teacher's Note:
1. Largest foramen in the body.
2. It is closed by a membrane.

Answer: (d) Appendicular skeleton

Explanation:
1. The appendicular skeleton includes the limb bones and the pectoral and pelvic girdles.
2. The axial skeleton consists of the skull, vertebral column, ribs and sternum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Appendicular: 126 bones.
2. Axial: 80 bones.

Answer: (c) Pectoral girdle

Explanation:
1. The glenoid cavity is the shallow socket of the scapula in the pectoral girdle.
2. The head of the humerus fits into it.

Teacher's Note:
1. Shoulder joint: ball and socket.
2. Acromion lies above it.

Answer: (c) Ilium, ischium and pubis

Explanation:
1. Each half of the pelvic girdle (hip bone) is formed by fusion of the ilium, ischium and pubis.
2. These three meet at the acetabulum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Two coxal bones form the pelvic girdle.
2. They meet at the pubic symphysis.

Answer: (a) 8 bones

Explanation:
1. The human cranium is made of 8 bones: frontal, two parietal, two temporal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid.
2. The face has 14 bones.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cranium 8 + face 14 = 22 skull bones.
2. Ear ossicles and hyoid are extra.

Answer: (b) Patella

Explanation:
1. A sesamoid bone develops inside a tendon; the patella is the best example.
2. The patella protects the knee joint.

Teacher's Note:
1. Patella: kneecap.
2. Sesamoid bones reduce friction.

Answer: (b) 22

Explanation:
1. The human skull has 22 bones: 8 cranial and 14 facial.
2. The hyoid and ear ossicles are not counted in this number.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cranium: 8.
2. Face: 14.

Answer: (a) 8th, 9th & 10th rib

Explanation:
1. The 8th, 9th and 10th pairs of ribs join the sternum indirectly through the cartilage of the 7th rib, so they are called vertebrochondral ribs.
2. The 11th and 12th pairs are floating.

Teacher's Note:
1. True ribs: 1 to 7 pairs, vertebrosternal.
2. Vertebrochondral: false ribs.

Answer: (a) Carpal and first metacarpal

Explanation:
1. The saddle joint is between the carpal (trapezium) and the first metacarpal at the base of the thumb.
2. It allows movement in two planes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Thumb opposition is due to the saddle joint.
2. Hip is ball and socket.

Answer: (d) 23333

Explanation:
1. The phalangeal formula of the human forelimb is 2, 3, 3, 3, 3 (thumb has two phalanges, the other fingers three each).
2. Total 14 phalanges per hand.

Teacher's Note:
1. Thumb: 2 phalanges.
2. Other digits: 3 each.

Answer: (c) Hinge joint

Explanation:
1. The elbow joint, between the humerus and the radius-ulna, is a hinge joint allowing movement in one plane.
2. Pivot joints permit rotation instead.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hinge: knee, elbow, ankle.
2. Ball and socket: shoulder, hip.

Answer: (d) Stapes

Explanation:
1. The stapes of the middle ear is the smallest bone in the human body.
2. It measures about 3 mm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ear ossicles: malleus, incus, stapes.
2. Femur is the longest bone.

Answer: (b) Vomer

Explanation:
1. The vomer is a single (unpaired) facial bone forming part of the nasal septum.
2. Lacrimal, nasal and palatine bones occur in pairs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Unpaired facial bones: vomer and mandible.
2. The others are paired.

Answer: (c) A is true, but R is false.

Explanation:
1. A is true because the knee is a hinge type synovial joint.
2. R is false because the knee involves the femur, patella and tibia, not the fibula.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fibula does not enter the knee joint.
2. Tibia articulates with femur.

Answer: (b) eight bones of which two are paired

Explanation:
1. The cranium has 8 bones: the frontal, occipital, sphenoid and ethmoid are single, and the parietals and temporals form two pairs.
2. So eight bones of which two are paired.

Teacher's Note:
1. Four single bones.
2. Two paired sets.

Answer: (d) Present at the top of the buccal cavity

Explanation:
1. The hyoid is a single U-shaped bone at the base of the buccal cavity (in the neck), not at the top.
2. It is not attached to any other bone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hyoid supports the tongue.
2. It is a free bone.

Answer: (a) Scapula

Explanation:
1. The scapula is a flat triangular bone.
2. Carpals and tarsals are short bones and the patella is a sesamoid bone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Flat bones: scapula, ribs, sternum, skull bones.
2. Long bones: femur.

Answer: (c) Lumbar

Explanation:
1. The lumbar vertebrae are the largest and heaviest in the vertebral column because they bear the most weight.
2. Cervical vertebrae are smallest.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lumbar: 5 vertebrae.
2. They have large bodies.

Answer: (d) Synovial membrane

Explanation:
1. The synovial membrane lining the joint capsule secretes synovial fluid.
2. The fluid lubricates the joint.

Teacher's Note:
1. Synovial fluid reduces friction.
2. It nourishes cartilage.

Answer: (d) 23333

Explanation:
1. The digital formula of the human foot is 2, 3, 3, 3, 3 (great toe has two phalanges, others three).
2. Total 14 phalanges.

Teacher's Note:
1. Same as hand formula.
2. Frog has 2,2,3,4,3 type formula.