Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Human Reproduction
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) Shortly after ovulation before the ovum makes entry into the Fallopian tube
(b) Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm
(c) Until the nucleus of the sperm has fused wilh that of the ovum
(d) in the Graafian follicle following the first maturation division
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm
Explanation:
1. The secondary oocyte stays arrested at metaphase II. The second maturation division is completed only after a sperm penetrates it.
Teacher's Note:
1. It happens in the fallopian tube.
2. Sperm entry completes meiosis II.
(a) Acrosome has a conical pointed structure used for piercing and penetrating the egg, resulting in fertilisation
(b) The sperm lysins in the acrosome dissolve the egg envelope facilitating fertilisation
(c) Acrosome serves as a sensory structure leading the sperm towards the ovum
(d) Acrosome serves no particular function
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) The sperm lysins in the acrosome dissolve the egg envelope facilitating fertilisation
Explanation:
1. The acrosome contains lytic enzymes (sperm lysins), which dissolve the egg envelopes and help the sperm to enter.
Teacher's Note:
1. The acrosome is the cap on the head.
2. Lysins digest the egg coat.
(a) Isthmus
(b) Infundibulum
(c) Cervix
(d) Ampulla
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Infundibulum
Explanation:
1. The infundibulum is the funnel-shaped part of the fallopian tube nearest to the ovary, with finger-like fimbriae.
Teacher's Note:
1. The isthmus is near the uterus.
2. The infundibulum catches the ovum.
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreas
(c) Salivary glands
(d) Male accessory glands
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Male accessory glands
Explanation:
1. The male accessory glands (seminal vesicles, prostate) secrete fluid that is rich in fructose, calcium and some enzymes.
Teacher's Note:
1. This fluid forms the seminal plasma.
2. Accessory glands make seminal plasma.
(a) 11th day
(b) 14th day
(c) 20th day
(d) 5th day
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) 14th day
Explanation:
1. The LH surge occurs about the 14th day of the cycle and triggers ovulation.
Teacher's Note:
1. It follows the estrogen peak.
2. LH surge means day 14.
(a) Follicular phase lasting for about 6 days
(b) Luteal phase and lasts for about 13 days
(c) Follicular phase and lasts for about 13 days
(d) Luteal phase and lasts for about 6 days
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Luteal phase and lasts for about 13 days
Explanation:
1. The secretory phase is also called the luteal phase, and it lasts about 13 days, until the corpus luteum degenerates.
Teacher's Note:
1. The follicular phase is the proliferative phase.
2. Luteal means corpus luteum.
(a) Meiocyte
(b) Conidia
(c) Gemmule
(d) Megaspore
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Meiocyte
Explanation:
1. Meiosis occurs in a meiocyte (a meiosis-undergoing cell, such as a spore mother cell or primary gametocyte).
Teacher's Note:
1. Conidia and gemmules form by mitosis.
2. Meiocyte means meiosis cell.
(a) Pnogesterme
(b) FSH
(c) Oxytocin
(d) Vasopressin.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Pnogesterme
Explanation:
1. Menstruation occurs due to a lack of progesterone when the corpus luteum degenerates.
Teacher's Note:
1. FSH starts follicle growth.
2. Progesterone fall causes menstruation.
(a) Ovum before fertilization
(b) Ovum after fertilization
(c) Sperm after fertilization
(d) Sperm before fertilization
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Sperm before fertilization
Explanation:
1. Capacitation is the set of changes in sperms in the female reproductive tract before they can fertilise the egg.
Teacher's Note:
1. It takes several hours.
2. Capacitation prepares the sperm.
(a) Prostate gland
(b) Vas-deference
(c) Mammary glands
(d) Uterus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Uterus
Explanation:
1. Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus.
Teacher's Note:
1. Vasectomy is removal of part of the vas deferens.
2. The suffix -ectomy means removal.
(a) Spermatid
(b) Spermatogonia
(c) Secondary polar body
(d) Primary polar body 50 –b 60 –c
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Spermatogonia
Explanation:
1. Spermatogonia are diploid cells. Spermatids and polar bodies (secondary) are haploid.
Teacher's Note:
1. The primary polar body is haploid too.
2. Spermatogonia have 2n.
(a) differentiation
(b) metamorphosis
(c) organization
(d) rearrangement
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) differentiation
Explanation:
1. Cells becoming different in structure and function in different regions of the embryo is called differentiation.
Teacher's Note:
1. It follows cell division.
2. Differentiation produces specialised cells.
(a) Nucleocytoplasmic ratio remains unchanged
(b) Size does not increase
(c) There is less consumption of oxygen
(d) The division is like meiosis
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Size does not increase
Explanation:
1. During cleavage the zygote divides repeatedly without increasing in total size, so the cells (blastomeres) become smaller.
Teacher's Note:
1. The nucleocytoplasmic ratio rises.
2. Cleavage divides without growth.
(a) opening of neural tube
(b) opening of gastrocoel
(c) future anterior end of embryo
(d) found in blastula
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) opening of gastrocoel
Explanation:
1. The blastopore is the opening of the archenteron (gastrocoel) formed during gastrulation.
Teacher's Note:
1. It connects to the outside.
2. Blastopore opens into the gut cavity.
(a) horizontal
(b) partial/parietal
(c) total
(d) spiral
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) partial/parietal
Explanation:
1. Meroblastic cleavage is partial because the yolk prevents the whole egg from dividing.
Teacher's Note:
1. It occurs in birds and reptiles.
2. Meroblastic means partial.
(a) ectoderm
(b) mesoderm
(c) endoderm
(d) both
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) ectoderm
Explanation:
1. The lens of the eye is formed from the surface ectoderm.
Teacher's Note:
1. The retina comes from the neural ectoderm.
2. Eye lens is ectodermal.
(a) Pattern of cleavage
(b) Formation of zygote
(c) Number of blastomeres
(d) Fertilization
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Pattern of cleavage
Explanation:
1. The amount and distribution of yolk decide the pattern of cleavage (holoblastic or meroblastic).
Teacher's Note:
1. Yolk hinders cleavage.
2. Yolk controls the cleavage pattern.
(a) obliteration of blastocoel
(b) obliteration of archenteron
(c) closure of blastopore
(d) closure of neural tube
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) obliteration of blastocoel
Explanation:
1. Gastrulation ends when the blastocoel is obliterated, as the archenteron enlarges.
Teacher's Note:
1. Gastrulation forms the three germ layers.
2. Blastocoel disappears at the end.
(a) all over the egg
(b) on one side
(c) both the sides
(d) at centre
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) on one side
Explanation:
1. In a telolecithal egg the yolk is concentrated at one pole, the vegetal pole.
Teacher's Note:
1. Centrolecithal eggs have central yolk.
2. Telo means end.
(a) Meroblastic
(b) Starts when egg reaches uterus
(c) Starts in fallopian tube
(d) It is identical to normal mitosis
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Starts in fallopian tube
Explanation:
1. Human cleavage begins in the fallopian tube soon after fertilisation, and the morula reaches the uterus after about 4 days.
Teacher's Note:
1. It is holoblastic and mitotic.
2. Cleavage begins before reaching the uterus.
(a) inner cell mass
(b) trophoblast
(c) formative cells
(d) follicle cells
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) trophoblast
Explanation:
1. The trophoblast forms the extra-embryonic membranes (chorion and placenta), while the inner cell mass forms the embryo.
Teacher's Note:
1. The trophoblast helps in implantation.
2. Trophoblast gives chorion.
(a) equal holoblastic
(b) unequal holoblastic
(c) superficial meroblastic
(d) discoidal meroblastic
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) unequal holoblastic
Explanation:
1. The mammalian egg has little yolk and divides completely, but the divisions are slightly unequal. So cleavage is unequal holoblastic.
Teacher's Note:
1. The blastomeres are of different sizes.
2. Holoblastic means complete.
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FAQs
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