NEET Biology Human Reproduction MCQs Set 36

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Human Reproduction

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which hormone acts on Sertoli cells and stimulates the secretion of factors that help in the spermatogenesis?
(a) FSH
(b) Oxytocin
(c) Progesterone
(d) Prolactin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) FSH

Explanation:
1. FSH acts on Sertoli cells and stimulates secretion of some factors that help in the process of spermiogenesis.
2. LH acts on Leydig cells to secrete androgens.

Teacher's Note:
1. Link FSH with Sertoli cells and LH with Leydig cells.

Question 2: Choose the correct statement regarding the mammary gland.
(a) The areola is a pigmented and sensitive area around the nipple
(b) Prolactin acts on mammary ampullae to stimulate milk synthesis
(c) The glandular tissue of each breast is divided into 2-5 mammary lobes
(d) A functional mammary gland is characteristic of all mammals
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) The areola is a pigmented and sensitive area around the nipple

Explanation:
1. The areola is the pigmented skin around the nipple.
2. Each breast has 15-20 mammary lobes, and prolactin acts on alveolar cells, not on ampullae.

Teacher's Note:
1. A functional mammary gland is a feature of female mammals only, so option 4 is wrong.

Question 3: At puberty, the hypothalamus releases A, which acts on the anterior pituitary to secrete B and C. B acts on Sertoli cells and C surge leads to ovulation. Identify A, B and C.
(a) A: GnRH, B: LH, C: FSH
(b) A: GnRH, B: FSH, C: LH
(c) A: Somatotropic ICSH, B: STH, C: STH
(d) A: Somatotropic androgen, B: STH, C: STH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A: GnRH, B: FSH, C: LH

Explanation:
1. GnRH from the hypothalamus acts on the anterior pituitary to release FSH and LH.
2. FSH acts on Sertoli cells, and the LH surge in the middle of the cycle induces ovulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the chain GnRH, then FSH and LH.

Question 4: What is the function of the bulbourethral glands?
(a) Secretion of clear mucus that neutralises acidity in the urethra
(b) Lubrication of the penis during coitus
(c) Release of fructose for the motility of sperm
(d) Both 1 and 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
1. Bulbourethral glands secrete an alkaline mucus that neutralises residual acidity in the urethra and lubricates the penis.
2. Fructose comes from the seminal vesicles.

Teacher's Note:
1. So options 1 and 2 are both right.

Question 5: Regarding the primary sex organ in a female, which statement is correct?
(a) It is mesodermal in origin
(b) Relaxin and progesterone are released only in the later phase of pregnancy by these organs
(c) Its hormones are not responsible for development of secondary sex organs
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) It is mesodermal in origin

Explanation:
1. The ovaries are mesodermal in origin.
2. They secrete oestrogen, which controls development of secondary sex characters.
3. Relaxin and progesterone are released from early pregnancy as well, so the other options are wrong.

Teacher's Note:
1. Gonads of both sexes arise from intermediate mesoderm.

Question 6: Which of the following is an incorrect statement?
(a) An embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a morula
(b) The placenta acts as a temporary endocrine gland that secretes oestrogen and progesterone
(c) Appearance of hair on the head is usually observed during the first trimester
(d) Menstrual cycles cease around 50 years of age, which is called menopause
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Appearance of hair on the head is usually observed during the first trimester

Explanation:
1. Hair growth on the head of the foetus is usually seen at the end of the second trimester.
2. The other three statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall first trimester: heart formed; second trimester: body hair and eyelashes.

Question 7: The male urethra:
(a) Originates from the urinary bladder
(b) Extends through the penis to its external opening called the meatus
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Can eject urine but not semen
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
1. The male urethra begins at the urinary bladder and runs through the penis to open at the urethral meatus.
2. It carries both urine and semen.

Teacher's Note:
1. This is why it is called the urinogenital duct.

Question 8: Read the statements about the female reproductive system: (A) The uterus is single and is also called the womb. (B) The shape of the uterus is like an inverted pear. (C) The uterus opens into the vagina through a narrow cervix. (D) The birth canal is formed by the cervical canal and vagina. (E) The perimetrium is the outermost thick glandular layer of the uterine wall. Which statements are correct?
(a) A, B and C
(b) B, C and D
(c) D and E
(d) A and E
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) B, C and D

Explanation:
1. The uterus is single, so A is wrong as it says single pair.
2. B, C and D are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. The perimetrium is the thin outer membrane, while the endometrium is the glandular layer, so E is wrong.

Question 9: The clitoris is:
(a) Represented by the hymen
(b) A male secondary sex organ
(c) A tiny finger-like structure lying at the upper junction of the two labia minora
(d) A tiny finger-like structure present below the urethral opening in the female
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A tiny finger-like structure lying at the upper junction of the two labia minora

Explanation:
1. The clitoris lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening.
2. It is homologous to the penis.

Teacher's Note:
1. The hymen is a separate membrane at the vaginal opening.

Question 10: During ovulation in humans:
(a) The mature follicle ruptures to release the oogonium
(b) The mature follicle does not rupture and degenerates
(c) LH and FSH hormones suddenly disappear
(d) A secondary oocyte is released from the mature follicle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A secondary oocyte is released from the mature follicle

Explanation:
1. A surge of LH causes the Graafian follicle to rupture and release a secondary oocyte.
2. The oogonium stage is in the foetal ovary.

Teacher's Note:
1. The secondary oocyte is arrested in metaphase II until fertilisation.

Question 11: Amenorrhoea indicates:
(a) It may be caused by stress
(b) It may be caused by pregnancy
(c) Menarche
(d) Both 1 and 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
1. Amenorrhoea is the absence of menstruation, which may be due to pregnancy, stress, or poor health.
2. Menarche is the first menstruation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pregnancy is the normal cause to remember.

Question 12: How many statements are correct? (A) The corpus luteum secretes a large amount of progesterone which is essential for the maintenance of the endometrium. (B) Maintenance of the endometrium is necessary for implantation of the fertilised ovum. (C) During pregnancy all events of the menstrual cycle stop. (D) In the absence of fertilisation the corpus luteum degenerates, which causes the menses phase of the next menstrual cycle.
(a) One
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Four
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Four

Explanation:
1. All four statements are correct.
2. Progesterone from the corpus luteum maintains the endometrium, which is needed for implantation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Menstrual cycles stop during pregnancy, and without fertilisation the corpus luteum degenerates, so progesterone falls and menses begins.

Question 13: What is the effect of menopause on the levels of FSH, LH, oestrogen and GnRH?
(a) FSH up, LH up, oestrogen down, GnRH up
(b) FSH down, LH down, oestrogen up, GnRH down
(c) FSH down, LH down, oestrogen down, GnRH up
(d) FSH down, LH up, oestrogen down, GnRH down
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) FSH up, LH up, oestrogen down, GnRH up

Explanation:
1. After menopause the ovaries stop producing oestrogen.
2. The loss of negative feedback increases GnRH, FSH and LH.

Teacher's Note:
1. Low oestrogen with high gonadotropins is the pattern.

Question 14: A cross-section from the mid-region of the middle piece of a human sperm will show:
(a) 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules and numerous mitochondria
(b) Centrioles and ER
(c) Mitochondria only
(d) Mitochondria and centrioles
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules and numerous mitochondria

Explanation:
1. The middle piece has the axoneme with the 9 + 2 microtubule pattern surrounded by many mitochondria.
2. These provide energy for the movement of the tail.

Teacher's Note:
1. The proximal centriole is at the neck, not in the mid-region.

Question 15: Match Column I with Column II. A Acrosin, B Fertilisation membrane, C Hyaluronidase. i Blocks polyspermy, ii Dissolves cementing material between the corona radiata cells, iii Digests the zona pellucida.
(a) A-iii, B-ii, C-i
(b) A-i, B-ii, C-iii
(c) A-ii, B-i, C-iii
(d) A-iii, B-i, C-ii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A-iii, B-i, C-ii

Explanation:
1. Acrosin digests the zona pellucida.
2. The fertilisation membrane formed after sperm entry blocks polyspermy.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hyaluronidase dissolves the cementing substance of the corona radiata cells.

Question 16: Select the hormone that is not secreted by the placenta.
(a) hCG
(b) Oestrogen
(c) Progesterone
(d) LH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) LH

Explanation:
1. The placenta secretes hCG, hPL, oestrogen, progesterone and relaxin.
2. LH is secreted only by the anterior pituitary.

Teacher's Note:
1. Do not confuse hCG with LH.

Free study material for Biology

Human Reproduction Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

NEET Biology Human Reproduction Objective Test Questions

Test your conceptual understanding of Human Reproduction with these targeted multiple-choice questions. Designed in alignment with the latest NEET curriculum for NEET Biology, these problem sets build accuracy and prepare students for objective exams.

NCERT-Aligned Objective Questions and Solutions

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FAQs

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