NEET Biology Human Reproduction MCQs Set 34

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Human Reproduction

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The cells of alveoli secrete
(a) milk
(b) oestrogen
(c) oxytocin
(d) mucus only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) milk

Explanation:
1. The cells of the alveoli secrete milk, which is stored in the cavities of the alveoli.
2. The alveoli open into mammary tubules.

Teacher's Note:
1. Milk then passes to mammary ducts and the lactiferous duct.

Question 2: The correct sequence for the path of milk from alveoli to the nipple is
(a) alveoli, mammary tubule, mammary duct, mammary ampulla, lactiferous duct
(b) alveoli, mammary duct, mammary tubule, lactiferous duct, ampulla
(c) mammary tubule, alveoli, ampulla, mammary duct, lactiferous duct
(d) ampulla, alveoli, tubule, duct, lactiferous duct
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) alveoli, mammary tubule, mammary duct, mammary ampulla, lactiferous duct

Explanation:
1. Alveoli open into mammary tubules, several tubules join to form a mammary duct, several ducts join to form a wider mammary ampulla, which connects to the lactiferous duct.
2. The lactiferous duct opens at the nipple.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember: alveoli to tubule to duct to ampulla to lactiferous duct.

Question 3: The primary sex organs are the _____ in males and the _____ in females.
(a) testes; ovaries
(b) epididymis; oviducts
(c) prostate; uterus
(d) vas deferens; vagina
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) testes; ovaries

Explanation:
1. Primary sex organs produce gametes and hormones.
2. These are the testes in males and the ovaries in females.

Teacher's Note:
1. All other organs are accessory.

Question 4: The correct sequence of spermatogenesis is: (a) spermatogonia, (b) spermatids, (c) primary spermatocyte, (d) secondary spermatocyte, (e) spermatozoa.
(a) a, c, d, b, e
(b) a, d, c, b, e
(c) c, a, d, b, e
(d) a, c, b, d, e
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a, c, d, b, e

Explanation:
1. Spermatogonia (2n) grow into primary spermatocytes (2n).
2. Meiosis I gives secondary spermatocytes (n), meiosis II gives spermatids (n), and spermiogenesis gives spermatozoa.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis I is the reductional division.

Question 5: After spermiogenesis, the sperm heads become embedded in the
(a) Leydig cells
(b) Sertoli cells
(c) epididymal cells
(d) prostate cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sertoli cells

Explanation:
1. Sperm heads are embedded in Sertoli cells before being released by spermiation.
2. Sertoli cells nourish developing sperms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sertoli cells are also called nurse cells.

Question 6: How many of the following structures are haploid? Spermatogonia, spermatozoa, spermatids, primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocytes.
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 5
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 3

Explanation:
1. Haploid cells are spermatozoa, spermatids and secondary spermatocytes.
2. Spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes are diploid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis I produces the haploid stage.

Question 7: Which part of the sperm provides energy for the movement of the tail?
(a) head
(b) middle piece
(c) acrosome
(d) tail tip
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) middle piece

Explanation:
1. The middle piece contains numerous mitochondria that produce energy (ATP) for tail movement.

Teacher's Note:
1. The sperm has a head, neck, middle piece and tail.

Question 8: The process of formation of a mature female gamete is called
(a) oogenesis
(b) spermatogenesis
(c) oviposition
(d) ovulation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) oogenesis

Explanation:
1. Oogenesis is the formation of ovum from oogonia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oogenesis starts in the embryonic stage.

Question 9: Oogenesis is initiated during the
(a) embryonic development stage
(b) puberty
(c) menarche
(d) childhood
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) embryonic development stage

Explanation:
1. Millions of oogonia are formed in each foetal ovary and they start meiosis I.
2. They stop at prophase I as primary oocytes before birth.

Teacher's Note:
1. Primary oocytes remain arrested in prophase I until puberty.

Question 10: At puberty, how many primary follicles are left in each ovary?
(a) 600-800
(b) 6000-8000
(c) 60,000-80,000
(d) 6,00,000-8,00,000
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 60,000-80,000

Explanation:
1. Many follicles degenerate during growth, so only about 60,000 to 80,000 primary follicles remain in each ovary at puberty.

Teacher's Note:
1. Of these only about 400 ovulate in a lifetime.

Question 11: The correct sequence of follicular development is
(a) primary, secondary, tertiary, Graafian follicle
(b) secondary, primary, tertiary, Graafian follicle
(c) primary, tertiary, secondary, Graafian follicle
(d) tertiary, secondary, primary, Graafian follicle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) primary, secondary, tertiary, Graafian follicle

Explanation:
1. A primary follicle grows into a secondary follicle, then a tertiary follicle with an antrum, and finally the mature Graafian follicle.

Teacher's Note:
1. The antrum appears in the tertiary follicle.

Question 12: The Graafian follicle ruptures to release the _____ from the ovary by a process called _____.
(a) secondary oocyte; ovulation
(b) ovum; fertilisation
(c) primary oocyte; menstruation
(d) polar body; ovulation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) secondary oocyte; ovulation

Explanation:
1. The Graafian follicle ruptures and the secondary oocyte is released.
2. This is ovulation and is triggered by the LH surge.

Teacher's Note:
1. The ovum completes meiosis II only after sperm entry.

Question 13: The reproductive cycle in female primates is known as the
(a) oestrous cycle
(b) menstrual cycle
(c) ovarian cycle only
(d) lunar cycle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) menstrual cycle

Explanation:
1. Female primates show menstrual cycles, whereas non-primate mammals have oestrous cycles.

Teacher's Note:
1. Menstruation means shedding of the endometrium with bleeding.

Question 14: In human females, menstruation is repeated at an average interval of about
(a) 10-12 days
(b) 21 days only
(c) 28-29 days
(d) 40-45 days
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 28-29 days

Explanation:
1. The average menstrual cycle is about 28 or 29 days.
2. Ovulation occurs at about the 14th day.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ovulation happens in the middle of the cycle.

Question 15: During the follicular phase, changes in the ovary and the uterus are induced by changes in the levels of _____ and _____ hormones.
(a) pituitary and ovarian
(b) thyroid and adrenal
(c) pancreatic and pituitary
(d) placental and ovarian
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) pituitary and ovarian

Explanation:
1. Pituitary gonadotropins (FSH, LH) and ovarian hormones (oestrogen) control the changes in the follicular phase.

Teacher's Note:
1. FSH stimulates follicular growth.

Question 16: Both LH and FSH attain a peak level about
(a) at the start of menstruation
(b) in the middle of the menstrual cycle
(c) on day 25
(d) at the end of the cycle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Explanation:
1. The LH and FSH surge occurs at mid-cycle (about day 14).
2. The LH surge induces rupture of the Graafian follicle.

Teacher's Note:
1. LH surge triggers ovulation.

Question 17: The hormone mainly responsible for ovulation is
(a) FSH
(b) LH
(c) progesterone
(d) prolactin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) LH

Explanation:
1. A rapid rise (surge) of LH at mid-cycle causes rupture of the Graafian follicle and ovulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. FSH helps follicular growth, LH causes ovulation.

Question 18: The process of fusion of a sperm with an ovum is called
(a) fertilisation
(b) ovulation
(c) implantation
(d) cleavage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) fertilisation

Explanation:
1. Fertilisation is fusion of the haploid sperm and haploid ovum to form a diploid zygote.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fertilisation takes place in the ampullary region of the oviduct.

Question 19: Completion of the second meiotic division of the secondary oocyte results in a
(a) second polar body and a haploid ovum
(b) first polar body and an ovum
(c) two ova
(d) a diploid zygote
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) second polar body and a haploid ovum

Explanation:
1. When a sperm enters, the secondary oocyte completes meiosis II and forms a second polar body and a haploid ovum (ootid).
2. The ovum then fuses with the sperm nucleus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Meiosis II is completed only after sperm entry.

Question 20: The embryo with 8 to 16 blastomeres is called a
(a) zygote
(b) morula
(c) blastocyst
(d) gastrula
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) morula

Explanation:
1. The embryo with 8 to 16 cells is a morula.
2. It continues to divide and forms the blastocyst.

Teacher's Note:
1. Morula means mulberry-like.

Question 21: The structural and functional unit between the developing embryo and the maternal body is the
(a) placenta
(b) amnion
(c) chorion
(d) allantois
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) placenta

Explanation:
1. The placenta is formed by the chorionic villi and uterine tissue.
2. It supplies oxygen and nutrients and removes wastes and carbon dioxide.

Teacher's Note:
1. The placenta is connected to the foetus by the umbilical cord.

Question 22: The placenta is connected to the embryo through the
(a) umbilical cord
(b) amnion
(c) yolk sac
(d) allantois
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) umbilical cord

Explanation:
1. The umbilical cord connects the placenta to the foetus and carries blood vessels between the two.

Teacher's Note:
1. The cord helps in the transport of substances.

Question 23: Which statement about parturition is correct?
(a) It is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism
(b) Signals originate from the mother only
(c) Signals originate from the foetus only
(d) It does not involve hormones
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) It is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism

Explanation:
1. Parturition is induced by a complex neuroendocrine mechanism.
2. Signals originate from the fully developed foetus and the placenta, which induce mild uterine contractions (foetal ejection reflex).

Teacher's Note:
1. Both the foetus and the placenta take part.

Question 24: Which hormone acts on the uterine muscle and causes stronger uterine contractions during parturition?
(a) oxytocin
(b) progesterone
(c) prolactin
(d) FSH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) oxytocin

Explanation:
1. Oxytocin from the maternal pituitary stimulates stronger uterine contractions.
2. This pushes the baby out.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oxytocin also triggers milk ejection.

Question 25: The milk produced during the initial few days of lactation is called
(a) colostrum
(b) whey
(c) casein
(d) lactose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) colostrum

Explanation:
1. Colostrum, the first milk, contains antibodies (IgA) that give the newborn passive immunity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Breast-feeding the first days is important for the baby's immunity.

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Human Reproduction Objective Questions & Solutions for NEET Biology

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