NEET Biology Human Reproduction MCQs Set 28

Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Human Reproduction

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Primary sex organs differ from the secondary sex organs in all the following, except
(a) They produce gametes
(b) They secrete sex hormones
(c) They are concerned with the conduction of gametes
(d) Testes in male and ovaries in female are the examples of primary sex organs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) They are concerned with the conduction of gametes

Explanation:
1. Conduction of gametes is function of secondary sex organs.

Question 2: Why the testes in human beings and mammals are situated outside the abdominal cavity within a pouch called scrotum?
(a) There is not enough space in the pelvic area for the testicles to be housed internally
(b) The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of testes, 2.5°C lower than normal body temperature required for spermatogenesis
(c) The scrotum helps in maintaining the high temperature of testis, 2.5°C higher than the normal body temperature required for spermatogenesis
(d) Providing more space for the growth of epididymis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) The scrotum helps in maintaining the low temperature of testes, 2.5°C lower than normal body temperature required for spermatogenesis

Explanation:
1. Testes are extra-abdominal because for spermatogenesis, temperature required is 2.5°C lower than normal body temperature.

Question 3: Vas deferens receives a duct from seminal vesicle and opens into urethra as _________.
(a) Urethral meatus
(b) Ejaculatory duct
(c) Ureter
(d) Epididymis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Ejaculatory duct

Explanation:
1. Path of sperm Seminiferous tubules  Rete testis  Vasa efferentia  Epididymis  Vas deferens Urethra  Ejaculatory duct Vas deferens dilates to form ampulla, which receives the duct from seminal vesicle and forms an ejaculatory duct.

Question 4: Fructose is present in the secretion of
(a) Corpus spongiosum
(b) Seminal vesicles
(c) Urethra
(d) Tyson’s gland
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Answer: (b) Seminal vesicles

Explanation:
1. Secretin of seminal vesicles contain fructose, inositol, prostaglandins and clotting protein.

Question 5: The Graafian follicle ruptures to release _________ from the ovary by the process called ovulation.
(a) Primary oocyte
(b) Secondary oocyte after completing meiosis-II
(c) Secondary oocyte after completing meiosis-I and with the release of 1st polar body
(d) Mature ovum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Secondary oocyte after completing meiosis-I and with the release of 1st polar body

Explanation:
1. There is unequal division of cytoplasm.
2. Secondary oocyte is arrested at metaphase-II and II meiotic division is completed only after the entry of sperm.

Question 6: Which one of the following statements is incorrect about menstrual cycle?
(a) The first menstruation begins at puberty and is called menarche
(b) Lack of menstruation may also occur due to some environmental factors like stress, poor health
(c) Corpus luteum secretes large amounts of progesterone which is essential for maintenance of endometrium
(d) In absence of fertilisation, corpus luteum degenerates in luteal phase and new follicles start developing immediately
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) In absence of fertilisation, corpus luteum degenerates in luteal phase and new follicles start developing immediately

Explanation:
1. In absence of fertilization, corpus luteum degenerates in luteal phase but new follicles do not start develop immediately after its degeneration.
2. During follicular phase, the primary follicles in the ovary grow to become fully mature Graafian follicle.

Question 7: After ovulation Graafian follicle transforms into
(a) Corpus luteum
(b) Corpus albicans
(c) Corpus callosum
(d) Follicular atresia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Corpus luteum

Explanation:
1. During luteal phase (after ovulation), the remaining parts of the Graafian follicle transform as corpus luteum.

Question 8: In human female, the blastocyst
(a) Forms placenta even before implantation
(b) Gets implanted in the uterus 3 days after ovulation
(c) Gets implanted in the endometrium by trophoblast cells
(d) The trophoblast cells get differentiated as the embryo
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Gets implanted in the endometrium by trophoblast cells

Explanation:
1. After implantation, chorionic villi and uterine tissue become interdigitated with each other and jointly form placenta.
2. Blastocyst gets implanted in the uterus about 7 days after fertilization.
3. Inner cell mass gets differentiated into embryo.

Question 9: Trophoblast, is not involved in the formation of
(a) Protective and trophic membranes
(b) Foetal portion of placenta
(c) Body of developing embryo
(d) Chorionic villi
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Body of developing embryo

Explanation:
1. Body of developing embryo is formed by inner cell mass.

Question 10: Placenta acts as an endocrine tissue and produces several hormones like<br />A. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) B. Human placental lactogen (hPL)<br />C. Estrogens D. Progesterone
(a) A & B
(b) B only
(c) A, B & C
(d) A, B, C & D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A, B, C & D

Explanation:
1. hCG and hPL are exclusively produced by placenta hCG is functionally similar to LH.

Question 11: Which of the following groups of hormones are produced in women only during pregnancy?
(a) hCG, hPL, relaxin
(b) Estrogen, progesterone, hCG
(c) Cortisol, prolactin, thyroxine
(d) Prolactin, progesterone, hCG
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) hCG, hPL, relaxin

Explanation:
1. hPL (= human placental lactogen) has lactogenic properties, thus supporting prolactin from mother’s pituitary during pregnancy. hCG ( = human chorionic gonadotrophin) stimulates corpus luteum of pregnancy to continue secrete progesterone.
2. Relaxin, secreted by corpus luteum, facilitates parturition by softening the connective tissue of public symphysis.

Question 12: Immediately after implantation, ectoderm, endoderm and the mesoderm of embryo is formed from
(a) Trophoblast
(b) Cytotrophoblast
(c) Embryoblast
(d) Syncytiotrophoblast
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Embryoblast

Explanation:
1. Embryoblast is the name given to inner cell mass.

Question 13: The stem cells which have potency to give rise to all tissues and organs are formed from
(a) Trophoblast
(b) Umbilical cord
(c) Inner cell mass
(d) Placenta
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Inner cell mass

Explanation:
1. Stem cells in inner cell mass form primary germinal layers.

Question 14: Foetal ejection reflex in human female is induced by
(a) Differentiation of mammary gland
(b) Pressure exerted by amniotic fluid
(c) Fully developed foetus and placenta
(d) Release of oxytocin from pituitary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fully developed foetus and placenta

Explanation:
1. The signals for parturition originate from fully developed foetus and the placenta which induce mild uterine contractions called foetal ejection reflex.
2. This triggers release of oxytocin from the maternal pituitary.

Question 15: Signals from fully developed foetus and placenta ultimately lead to parturition which requires the release of
(a) Estrogen from placenta
(b) Oxytocin from maternal pituitary
(c) Oxytocin from foetal pituitary
(d) Relaxin from leydig’s cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Oxytocin from maternal pituitary

Explanation:
1. Oxytocin causes uterine contractions leading to child birth.
2. Relaxin is released from corpus luteum.

Question 16: Which of the following is a set of male accessory ducts?
(a) Rete testis, vasa efferentia, tubuli recti
(b) Rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens
(c) Epididymis, ejaculatory duct, urethra
(d) Seminiferous tubules, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens

Explanation:
1. The male sex accessory ducts include rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis and vas deferens.

Question 17: Which one of the following is incorrect match?
(a) Myometrium : Exhibits strong contractions during delivery of the baby
(b) Endometrium : Undergoes cyclical changes during menstrual cycle
(c) Perimetrium : Serosa of uterus
(d) Uterus : Birth canal
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Uterus : Birth canal

Explanation:
1. The cavity of cervix is called cervical canal.
2. Cervical canal + Vagina = Birth canal.

Question 18: Which of the following is the correct match about the female external genitalia and their functions?
(a) Mons pubis : Cushion of fatty tissue covered by skin and pubic hair and surround the vaginal orifice
(b) Labia majora : Fleshy folds of tissue which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening
(c) Labia minora : Paired folds of tissue under the labia majora homologous to scrotum in males
(d) Clitoris : A tiny finger like structure which lies at the upper junction of the two labia minora above the urethral opening. It is analogous to penis in males
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Labia majora : Fleshy folds of tissue which extend down from the mons pubis and surround the vaginal opening

Explanation:
1. Labia majora surround vaginal opening and are homologous to scrotum.
2. Clitoris is homologous to penis.

Question 19: The difference between spermiogenesis and spermiation is
(a) In spermiogenesis spermatids are formed, while in spermiation spermatozoa are formed.
(b) In spermiogenesis spermatozoa are formed, while in spermiation spermatids are formed.
(c) In spermiogenesis spermatozoa are formed, while in spermiation spermatozoa are released from sertoli cells into the cavity of seminiferous tubules.
(d) In spermiogenesis spermatozoa from sertoli cells are released into the cavity of seminiferous tubules, while in spermiation spermatozoa are formed.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) In spermiogenesis spermatozoa are formed, while in spermiation spermatozoa are released from sertoli cells into the cavity of seminiferous tubules.

Explanation:
1. Spermiogenesis is transformation of spermatids into spermatozoa whereas spermiation is the release of the sperms from sertoli cells into the lumen of seminiferous tubule.

Question 20: Hormones secreted by the placenta to maintain pregnancy are
(a) hCG, hPL, progestogens, prolactin
(b) hCG, hPL, estrogens, relaxin, oxytocin
(c) hCG, progestogens, estrogens, glucocorticoids
(d) hCG, hPL, progestogens, estrogens
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) hCG, hPL, progestogens, estrogens

Explanation:
1. Placenta releases human chorionic gonadotropic hormone (hCG) which stimulates the Corpus luteum during pregnancy to release estrogen and progesterone and also rescues corpus luteum from regression.
2. Human placental lactogen (hPL) is involved in growth of body of mother and breast.
3. Progesterone maintains pregnancy, keeps the uterus silent by increasing uterine threshold to contractile stimuli.

Question 21: Match the items given in Column I with those in Column II and select the correct option given below :<br />Column I Column II<br />a. Proliferative Phase i. Breakdown of endometrial lining<br />b. Secretory Phase ii. Follicular Phase<br />c. Menstruation iii. Luteal Phase a b c
(a) iii ii i
(b) i iii ii
(c) iii i ii
(d) ii iii i
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) ii iii i

Explanation:
1. During proliferative phase, the follicles start developing, hence, called follicular phase.
2. Secretory phase is also called as luteal phase mainly controlled by progesterone secreted by corpus luteum.
3. Estrogen further thickens the endometrium maintained by progesterone.
4. Menstruation occurs due to decline in progesterone level and involves breakdown of overgrown endometrial lining.

Question 22: A temporary endocrine gland in the human body is
(a) Pineal gland
(b) Corpus cardiacum
(c) Corpus luteum
(d) Corpus allatum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Corpus luteum

Explanation:
1. Corpus luteum is the temporary endocrine structure formed in the ovary after ovulation.
2. It is responsible for the release of the hormones like progesterone, oestrogen etc.

Question 23: Which of the following depicts the correct pathway of transport of sperms?
(a) Rete testis  Efferent ductules  Epididymis  Vas deferens
(b) Rete testis  Epididymis  Efferent ductules  Vas deferens
(c) Rete testis  Vas deferens  Efferent ductules  Epididymis
(d) Efferent ductules  Rete testis  Vas deferens  Epididymis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Rete testis  Efferent ductules  Epididymis  Vas deferens

Explanation:
1. Pathway of transport of sperms in human male is Rete testis  Efferent ductules (Vasa efferentia)  Epididymis  Vas deferens.

Question 24: Match Column-I with Column-II and select the correct option using the codes given below: Column-I Column-II<br />a. Mons pubis (i) Embryo formation<br />b. Antrum (ii) Sperm<br />c. Trophectoderm (iii) Female external genitalia<br />d. Nebenkern (iv) Graafian follicle Codes:
(a) a(iii), b(iv), c(ii), d(i)
(b) a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)
(c) a(iii), b(i), c(iv), d(ii)
(d) a(i), b(iv), c(iii), d(ii)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) a(iii), b(iv), c(i), d(ii)

Explanation:
1. Correct matching is: (a) Mons pubis – Female external genitalia (b) Antrum – Graafian follicle (c) Trophoectoderm – Embryo formation (d) Nebenkern – Sperm.

Question 25: Several hormones like hCG, hPL, estrogen, progesterone are produced by
(a) Ovary
(b) Placenta
(c) Fallopian tube
(d) Pituitary
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Placenta

Explanation:
1. Hormones secreted by placenta are hCG, hPL, estrogen and progesterone.

Question 26: Identify the correct statement on inhibin
(a) Is produced by nurse cells in testes and inhibits the secretion of LH
(b) Inhibits the secretion of LH, FSH and Prolactin
(c) Is produced by granulose cells in ovary and inhibits the secretion of FSH
(d) Is produced by granulose cells in ovary and inhibits the secretion of LH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Is produced by granulose cells in ovary and inhibits the secretion of FSH

Explanation:
1. Inhibin is produced by granulosa cells in ovary and has direct effect on the secretion of FSH.

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