Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Human Health and Disease
Explore reliable objective questions for Human Health and Disease tailored for NEET learners. Utilizing these Biology multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) nepenthes
(b) anopheles
(c) dragon fly
(d) house-fly
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) anopheles
Explanation:
1. Gambusia is a larvivorous fish that eats mosquito larvae such as those of Anopheles.
2. It is introduced into ponds and lakes to control malaria.
Teacher's Note:
1. This is a method of biological control.
(a) antigen
(b) antibody
(c) interferon
(d) antibiotic
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) interferon
Explanation:
1. Interferons are antiviral glycoproteins released by virus-infected cells; they make the neighbouring cells resistant to viral infection.
2. Antibodies act against antigens in general, and antibiotics act against bacteria.
Teacher's Note:
1. Interferon is the antiviral substance.
(a) Plasmodium vivax
(b) Plasmodium falciparum
(c) Plasmodium malariae
(d) Plasmodium ovale
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Plasmodium malariae
Explanation:
1. Plasmodium malariae has the longest incubation period, about 28 to 30 days.
2. P.
3. vivax and P.
4. ovale take about 14 days and P.
5. falciparum about 12 days.
6. P.
Teacher's Note:
1. malariae causes quartan malaria.
(a) IgM
(b) IgD
(c) IgE
(d) IgA
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) IgA
Explanation:
1. Colostrum, the first milk, is rich in IgA antibodies which protect the gut of the newborn.
2. IgM is the first antibody in a primary response and IgE is involved in allergy.
Teacher's Note:
1. IgA is the secretory antibody.
(a) Goitre
(b) Hay fever
(c) Skin cancer
(d) Rheumatic fever
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Hay fever
Explanation:
1. Hay fever is an allergic reaction to pollen.
2. Goitre is due to iodine deficiency, skin cancer is a malignancy and rheumatic fever follows a streptococcal infection.
Teacher's Note:
1. Allergy involves IgE and histamine release.
(a) virus
(b) bacteria
(c) alga
(d) fungus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) virus
Explanation:
1. Influenza is a respiratory disease caused by an RNA virus.
2. Antibiotics do not work against it.
Teacher's Note:
1. It spreads by droplets.
(a) Carcinoma
(b) Sarcoma
(c) Lymphoma
(d) Leukemia
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Lymphoma
Explanation:
1. Cancer of the lymphoid tissue (lymph nodes and spleen) is called lymphoma.
2. Carcinoma is cancer of epithelium, sarcoma is of connective tissue and leukaemia is of blood cells.
Teacher's Note:
1. Match each term to its tissue.
(a) Entamoeba histolytica
(b) Taenia solium
(c) Plasmodium vivax
(d) E. coli
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Entamoeba histolytica
Explanation:
1. Amoebiasis (amoebic dysentery) is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.
2. Taenia solium causes tapeworm infection and Plasmodium causes malaria.
Teacher's Note:
1. It spreads through contaminated food and water.
(a) antigen
(b) histones
(c) histamines
(d) antibodies
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) histamines
Explanation:
1. Damaged mast cells release histamine, which causes dilation of blood vessels and swelling in the inflammatory response in allergy.
2. Antibodies and antigens start the reaction but do not directly cause the swelling.
Teacher's Note:
1. Antihistamines reduce the symptoms.
(a) P. vivax
(b) P. malariae
(c) P. ovale
(d) P. falciparum
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) P. falciparum
Explanation:
1. Malignant tertian malaria is caused by Plasmodium falciparum.
2. It is the most dangerous form and can damage the brain.
3. P.
Teacher's Note:
1. vivax causes benign tertian malaria.
(a) ss RNA
(b) ds RNA
(c) ss DNA
(d) ds DNA
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) ss RNA
Explanation:
1. HIV is a retrovirus with a protein coat enclosing two copies of single stranded RNA and the enzyme reverse transcriptase.
2. It is not a DNA virus.
Teacher's Note:
1. Reverse transcriptase makes DNA from the RNA.
(a) For allergy
(b) As immunodepressent
(c) Prophylactic for virus
(d) None of the above
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) As immunodepressent
Explanation:
1. Cyclosporin A is an immunosuppressant used after organ transplants to prevent rejection.
2. It is obtained from the fungus Trichoderma polysporum.
Teacher's Note:
1. It suppresses T lymphocyte activity.
(a) artificiallyacquired active immunity
(b) artificiallyacquired passive immunity
(c) naturallyacquired passive immunity
(d) specificnatural immunity
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) artificiallyacquired passive immunity
Explanation:
1. Antivenom contains ready-made antibodies given to the person, which is artificially acquired passive immunity.
2. Active immunity needs the person to make antibodies.
Teacher's Note:
1. Passive immunity acts quickly but does not last long.
(a) enlarged prostate gland
(b) gall bladder stones by breaking them
(c) certain types of cancer
(d) kidney stones
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) certain types of cancer
Explanation:
1. Electron beam therapy is a type of radiation therapy used to treat some cancers, especially of the skin.
2. It is not used to break stones.
Teacher's Note:
1. Radiation damages the DNA of cancer cells.
(a) leptospirosis and bilharizia
(b) malaria, amoebic dysentery and leptospirosis
(c) bilharizia, infectivehepatitis and diarrhoea
(d) guinea worm infection, elephantiasis and amoebic dysentery
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) leptospirosis and bilharizia
Explanation:
1. Children walking barefoot in dirty or flood water may get leptospirosis (bacteria enter through skin cuts) and bilharzia (Schistosoma larvae enter through the skin).
2. Malaria spreads by mosquitoes.
Teacher's Note:
1. Skin contact is the route here.
(a) histamine and dopamine
(b) histamine and kinins
(c) interferons and opsonin
(d) interferons and histones
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) histamine and kinins
Explanation:
1. At an insect bite, damaged cells release histamine and kinins, which cause vasodilation, swelling and pain.
2. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter, and interferons act in viral infection.
Teacher's Note:
1. Histamine and kinins are the alarm chemicals.
(a) on light chain as well as on heavy chain.
(b) on light chain only.
(c) on variable region and constant region of light chain.
(d) on heavy chain only.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) on light chain as well as on heavy chain.
Explanation:
1. The antigen-binding site is formed by the variable regions of both the light and the heavy chains of the antibody.
2. The antibody has two light and two heavy chains.
Teacher's Note:
1. So it is not on one chain alone.
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FAQs
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