NEET Biology Evolution MCQs Set 03

Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Evolution

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Evolution. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Evolution

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Evolution below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The eye of octopus and eye of cat show different patterns of structure, yet they perform similar function. This is an example of
(a) Homologous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution
(b) Analogous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution
(c) Analogous organs that have evolved due to divergent evolution
(d) Homologous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Analogous organs that have evolved due to convergent evolution

Explanation:
1. Analogous due to convergent evolution In analogous  Phenotype similar/similar function. a b.

Question 2: The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called
(a) Convergent evolution
(b) Non-random evolution
(c) Adaptive radiation
(d) Natural selection
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Convergent evolution

Explanation:
1. Similar phenotypic applications Convergent evolution Different species with different evolutionary history.

Question 3: Variation in gene frequencies within populations can occur by chance rather than by natural selection. This is referred to as
(a) Genetic drift
(b) Random mating
(c) Genetic load
(d) Genetic flow
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Genetic drift

Explanation:
1. Genetic load : Loss in average fitness of individuals in a population because population carries deleterious alleles.

Question 4: Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as
(a) Migration
(b) Divergent evolution
(c) Adaptive radiation
(d) Natural selection
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Adaptive radiation

Explanation:
1. Adaptive radiation is diversification of single species or a group of related species into new ecological or geographical zones resulting in formation of additional species.

Question 5: What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from his ancestors?
(a) Increasing cranial capacity
(b) Upright posture
(c) Shortening of jaws
(d) Binocular vision
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Increasing cranial capacity

Explanation:
1. Humans have enlarged brains, shorter arms in relation to their ape-like ancestors.

Question 6: Which one of the following options gives one correct example each of convergent evolution and divergent evolution? Convergent Evolution Divergent evolution
(a) Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates Wings of butterfly and birds
(b) Thorns of BougainvillIea and tendrils of Cucurbita Eyes of Octopus and mammals
(c) Eyes of Octopus and mammals Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates
(d) Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita Wings of butterflies and birds
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Eyes of Octopus and mammals Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates

Explanation:
1.  Bones of forelimbs of vertebrates.
2. Homologous  Thorns of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita * Eyes of octopus and eyes of mammals Wings of butterfly and birds Analogous.

Question 7: The extinct human who lived 1,00,000 to 40,000 years ago, in Europe, Asia and parts of Africa, with short stature, heavy eye brows, retreating for heads, large jaws with heavy teeth, stocky bodies, a lumbering gait and stooped posture was
(a) Ramapithecus
(b) Homo habilis
(c) Neanderthal human
(d) Cro-magnan humans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Neanderthal human

Explanation:
1. Neanderthal man could have co-existed with Homo sapiens.

Question 8: The idea of mutations was brought forth by
(a) Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose
(b) Gregor Mendel, who worked on Pisum sativum
(c) Hardy Weinberg, who worked on allele frequencies in a population
(d) Charles Darwin, who observed a wide variety of organisms during sea voyage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Hugo de Vries, who worked on evening primrose

Explanation:
1. Hugo de Vries gave mutation theory while working on Oenothera lamarckiana ( = evening primrose).

Question 9: Darwin’s finches are a good example of
(a) Convergent evolution
(b) Industrial melanism
(c) Connecting link
(d) Adaptive radiation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Adaptive radiation

Explanation:
1. Adaptive radiation : Radiation of organisms into different geographical areas and thus generation of new species.

Question 10: Which one of the following scientist’s name is correctly matched with the theory put forth by him?
(a) Mendel – Theory of Pangenesis
(b) Weismann – Theory of continuity of Germplasm
(c) Pasteur – Inheritance of acquired characters
(d) de Vries – Natural selection
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Weismann – Theory of continuity of Germplasm

Explanation:
1. Mendel  Laws of genetics.
2. Pasteur  Theory of biogenesis.
3. Hugo de Vries  Mutation theory.

Question 11: Which one of the following pairs of items correctly belongs to the category of organs mentioned against it?
(a) Wings of honey-bee and wings of crow - Homologous organs
(b) Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita - Analogous organs
(c) Nictitating membrane and blind spot in human eye - Vestigial organs
(d) Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of cockroach - Excretory organs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Nephridia of earthworm and malpighian tubules of cockroach - Excretory organs

Explanation:
1. Blind spot is not vestigial.
2. Wings of honey-bee and wings of crow  Analogous.
3. Thorn of Bougainvillea and tendrils of Cucurbita-Homologous.

Question 12: When two species of different genealogy come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed
(a) Convergent evolution
(b) Divergent evolution
(c) Microevolution
(d) Co-evolution
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Convergent evolution

Explanation:
1. Same phenotype sp. sp. 1 2 Different geneology.

Question 13: Adaptive radiation refers to
(a) Power of adaptation in an individual to a variety of environments
(b) Adaptations due to Geographical isolation
(c) Evolution of different species from a common ancestor
(d) Migration of members of a species to different geographical areas
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Evolution of different species from a common ancestor

Explanation:
1. sp 1 Adaptive radiation Ancestor 1 sp 2 e.g., Darwin's finches. sp 3 Over generations 40 The Finches of Galapagos islands provide an evidence in favour of (1) Biogeographical Evolution (2) Special Creation (3) Evolution due to Mutation (4) Retrogressive Evolution Sol.
2. Answer (1) Adaptive radiation  different species due to divergent evolution, this was due to geopraphical isolation.

Question 14: Assertion (A): During evolution pouched mammals of Australia survived.
Reason (R): Due to lack of competition from any other mammal due to continental drift.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Continental drift resulted in isolation of pouched mammals in Australia.

Question 15: Assertion (A): During industrialisation dark-winged or melanised moths were more abundant.
Reason (R): They were able to camouflage themselves, hide in the background and survived.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Birds killed light winged moths because they were conspicous.

Question 16: Assertion (A): During evolution the early time period was without ozone layer.
Reason (R): Ozone layer absorbs U.V. rays to some extent.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Early time was without ozone.
2. UV rays entered atmosphere.

Question 17: Assertion (A): India falls under oriental realm out of other biogeographical realms.
Reason (R): World is divided in six biogeographical realms.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Oriental, Nearctic, Ethiopian, Australian, Palaearctic, Neotropical are six biogeographical realms.

Question 18: Assertion (A): Archaeopteryx had free caudal vertebrae and toothed beak with teeth like reptiles.
Reason (R): It is missing link between reptiles and bird.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Missing link  extinct connecting link.

Question 19: Assertion (A): Lycaenops is a connecting link between reptiles and mammals.
Reason (R): In permian period there was origin of mammal like reptiles.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Permian period is a part of palaeozoic era.

Question 20: Assertion (A): Spotted cuscus and marsupial mole are the examples of marsupial radiation.
Reason (R): Both are found in Australian region.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Australian marsupials exhibit adaptive radiation.

Question 21: Assertion (A): Sometimes, some babies have a small tail.
Reason (R): This is just a type of mutant variety.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. This is atavism  unusual occurrence of ancestral trait.

Question 22: Assertion (A): A single large mutation called saltation can produce new species.
Reason (R): Mutations are directional.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Mutations are non-directional.

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Practice MCQs for NEET Biology Evolution

NEET Biology Evolution Objective Test Questions

Review structured objective questions for NEET Biology Evolution. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these MCQ sets support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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FAQs

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