NEET Biology Environmental Issues MCQs Set 07

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Environmental Issues

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Environmental Issues. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

Practice Environmental Issues MCQs for NEET Biology

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Environmental Issues below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following is NOT an air pollution-induced plant injury?
(a) Reduced growth and yield
(b) Premature death of plants
(c) Clogging of stomata
(d) Reduced oxygen binding ability
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Reduced oxygen binding ability

Explanation:
1. Air pollutants cause reduced growth and yield, premature death and clogging of stomata in plants.
2. Oxygen binding ability is affected in animals' blood (for example by CO), not in plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. Plants are sensitive to air pollutants.

Question 2: The harmful effects of air pollutants depend on:
(a) Concentration of the pollutants
(b) Duration of exposure
(c) The organism
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. The effect of a pollutant depends on its concentration, how long the exposure lasts and the sensitivity of the organism.
2. So all the options are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dose and time are important.

Question 3: Electrostatic precipitators can remove what percentage of particulate matter from the exhaust of a thermal power plant?
(a) 90
(b) 95
(c) 99
(d) 100
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 99

Explanation:
1. An electrostatic precipitator removes over 99 percent of particulate matter.
2. Electrode wires charge particles and collecting plates attract them.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is the most widely used device in thermal power plants.

Question 4: Which gaseous pollutant can be removed by a scrubber?
(a) NOx
(b) SO2
(c) CO
(d) CO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) SO2

Explanation:
1. In a scrubber the exhaust is passed through a spray of water or lime.
2. Gases like sulphur dioxide dissolve or react and are removed.

Teacher's Note:
1. A scrubber removes gases, ESP removes particles.

Question 5: According to the CPCB, particulate matter of size 2.5 micrometres or less causes the greatest harm to human health. They can cause all of the following EXCEPT:
(a) Breathing and respiratory symptoms
(b) Respiratory irritation
(c) Inflammation and damage to the lungs
(d) Lack of sleep
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lack of sleep

Explanation:
1. PM2.5 can cause breathing problems, irritation, inflammation and lung damage.
2. Lack of sleep is not a listed effect.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fine particles reach deep into the lungs.

Question 6: Which device is best for reducing emissions of poisonous gases from vehicles?
(a) Scrubber
(b) Catalytic converter
(c) Electrostatic precipitator
(d) Filters
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Catalytic converter

Explanation:
1. Catalytic converters have platinum-palladium and rhodium as catalysts.
2. They convert harmful gases into harmless ones in automobile exhaust.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are fitted in automobiles.

Question 7: Which is NOT associated with catalytic converters?
(a) Conversion of unburnt hydrocarbons to CO2 and H2O
(b) Conversion of CO to CO2
(c) Conversion of NOx to N2
(d) Conversion of SO2 to S
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Conversion of SO2 to S

Explanation:
1. Catalytic converters oxidise unburnt hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide and reduce nitrogen oxides to nitrogen.
2. They do not convert SO2 into sulphur.

Teacher's Note:
1. Unleaded fuel must be used.

Question 8: Motor vehicles with a catalytic converter should use unleaded petrol because:
(a) Lead in petrol inactivates the catalyst
(b) Lead in petrol acts as a catalyst
(c) Lead in petrol burns along with petrol
(d) Lead in petrol checks the burning of petrol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lead in petrol inactivates the catalyst

Explanation:
1. Lead in the petrol inactivates (poisons) the catalyst.
2. The converter would then not work.

Teacher's Note:
1. Unleaded petrol also reduces lead pollution.

Question 9: In the 1990s, what was the rank of Delhi among the 41 most polluted cities of the world?
(a) First
(b) Second
(c) Third
(d) Fourth
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Fourth

Explanation:
1. Delhi's air was the fourth most polluted among 41 cities.
2. Delhi's Supreme Court PIL led to action.

Teacher's Note:
1. Delhi's pollution was a serious problem.

Question 10: What was the main step taken in Delhi to control air pollution after the PIL in the Supreme Court?
(a) Reduction in the number of vehicles
(b) Use of CNG in buses instead of diesel
(c) Use of catalytic converters
(d) Plantation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Use of CNG in buses instead of diesel

Explanation:
1. All public transport vehicles in Delhi were converted to run on CNG by the end of 2002.
2. This was the main step.

Teacher's Note:
1. CNG replaced diesel and petrol.

Question 11: Besides the use of CNG, which parallel step was NOT taken in Delhi for reducing vehicular pollution?
(a) Use of unleaded petrol
(b) Use of low sulphur petrol and diesel
(c) Use of catalytic converters
(d) Use of electrostatic precipitators
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Use of electrostatic precipitators

Explanation:
1. Delhi used unleaded petrol, low sulphur fuel and catalytic converters.
2. Electrostatic precipitators are used in power plants, not vehicles.

Teacher's Note:
1. These steps reduced vehicular pollution.

Question 12: Most stringent norms for fuels under the new auto fuel policy of the Government of India mean:
(a) Steadily reducing the sulphur content in petrol
(b) Steadily reducing the aromatic content in petrol
(c) Steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel
(d) Steadily reducing the particulate matter in petrol and diesel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatic content in petrol and diesel

Explanation:
1. The auto fuel policy lays down norms for steadily reducing sulphur and aromatics in petrol and diesel.
2. The norms are Euro-based.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are stricter in each stage.

Question 13: According to Euro-III norms, which standard is NOT true?
(a) Sulphur should be controlled at 350 ppm in diesel
(b) Sulphur should be controlled at 150 ppm in petrol
(c) Aromatic hydrocarbons should be contained at 42 percent
(d) Sulphur should be controlled at 50 ppm in petrol and diesel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Sulphur should be controlled at 50 ppm in petrol and diesel

Explanation:
1. 50 ppm sulphur is the Euro-IV goal.
2. Euro-III has 350 ppm in diesel, 150 ppm in petrol and 42 percent aromatics.

Teacher's Note:
1. Euro-IV is more stringent.

Question 14: Under the Euro-IV goal of the roadmap, aromatic hydrocarbons in petrol or diesel are to be brought down to:
(a) 30 percent
(b) 40 percent
(c) 42 percent
(d) 35 percent
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 35 percent

Explanation:
1. Euro-III has aromatic hydrocarbons at 42 percent.
2. The Euro-IV goal reduces them to 35 percent along with sulphur at 50 ppm.

Teacher's Note:
1. The norms are made stricter step by step.

Question 15: The Bharat Stage-III norms for reducing vehicular pollution are equivalent to:
(a) Euro-I norms
(b) Euro-II norms
(c) Euro-III norms
(d) Euro-IV norms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Euro-III norms

Explanation:
1. Bharat stage norms are based on Euro norms.
2. Bharat Stage-III corresponds to Euro-III.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bharat Stage-IV matches Euro-IV.

Question 16: In India, the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in:
(a) 1972
(b) 1981
(c) 1987
(d) 1992
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1981

Explanation:
1. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1981.
2. It was amended in 1987.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Water Act is earlier (1974).

Question 17: The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981 was amended in 1987 to include ........ as an air pollutant.
(a) Particulate matter
(b) Hydrocarbons
(c) Noise
(d) Radioactive pollutants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Noise

Explanation:
1. Noise was included as an air pollutant in the 1987 amendment.
2. The Act deals with control of air pollution.

Teacher's Note:
1. It created the CPCB's air functions.

Question 18: The intensity of noise that may damage ear drums and cause permanent impairment of hearing is:
(a) 150 dB or more
(b) Less than 20 dB
(c) Less than 80 dB
(d) Less than 60 dB
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 150 dB or more

Explanation:
1. Sound of 150 dB or more produced by jet engines can damage the ear drums permanently.
2. Lower values do not cause such damage.

Teacher's Note:
1. Noise is measured in decibels.

Question 19: Noise as an air pollutant is NOT responsible for:
(a) Sleeplessness
(b) Increased heart beat
(c) Altered breathing pattern
(d) Decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Decreased oxygen carrying capacity of blood

Explanation:
1. Noise causes sleeplessness, increased heartbeat and altered breathing.
2. It does not reduce the oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

Teacher's Note:
1. CO reduces oxygen carrying capacity.

Question 20: To safeguard our water resources, the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in:
(a) 1971
(b) 1972
(c) 1974
(d) 1981
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1974

Explanation:
1. The Water Act was passed in 1974.
2. The Air Act followed in 1981.

Teacher's Note:
1. The Environment (Protection) Act is 1986.

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