NEET Biology Environmental Issues MCQs Set 05

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Environmental Issues

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Environmental Issues designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

Download Environmental Issues MCQs with Answers

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Environmental Issues below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Pollution is undesirable changes in physical, chemical and biological properties. Which among the following is not air pollution induced plant injury –
(a) Reduced growth and yield
(b) Premature death of plant
(c) Clogging of Stomata
(d) Oxygen binding ability
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Oxygen binding ability

Explanation:
1. Reduced growth, premature death and clogging of stomata are plant injuries; reduced oxygen binding is a human effect (as for carbon monoxide).

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 2: Harmful effects of air polluntants depends on –
(a) Concentration of pollutants
(b) Duration of exposure
(c) Organism
(d) All the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All the above

Explanation:
1. The harmful effect of an air pollutant depends on its concentration, duration of exposure and the organism.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 3: Scrubber is one of the device used to remove air pollutants. Which of the following gaseous pollutant can be remove through it –
(a) NOx
(b) SO 2
(c) CO
(d) CO 2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) SO 2

Explanation:
1. A scrubber removes gases such as sulphur dioxide by passing exhaust through water or lime.

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 4: According to CPCB particulate size £ 2.5 micrometer are responsible for cousing greatest harm to human health. They can cause various harms except –
(a) Breathing and Respiratory symptoms
(b) Respiratory Irritation
(c) Inflammation and damage to lungs
(d) Lack of sleep
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lack of sleep

Explanation:
1. Fine particles cause breathing problems, respiratory irritation and lung damage; lack of sleep is not listed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 5: Which of the following is not associated with catalytic convertors –
(a) Conversion of unburnt hydrocarbon to CO2 & H2O
(b) Conversion of CO to CO2
(c) Conversion of NOx to N2
(d) Conversion of SO2 to S
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Conversion of SO2 to S

Explanation:
1. Catalytic converters convert unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx; they do not convert SO2 to sulphur.

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 6: Motor vehicles equipped with catalytic convertor should use unleaded petrol because –
(a) Lead in petrol inactivates the catalyst
(b) Lead in petrol act as catalyst
(c) Lead in petrol start to burn along petrol
(d) Lead in petrol leads to checking burning of petrol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lead in petrol inactivates the catalyst

Explanation:
1. Lead in petrol inactivates the catalyst of a catalytic converter, so unleaded petrol is needed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 7: In 1990s what was the rank of Delhi among the 41 most polluted cities of the world –
(a) 1st
(b) 2nd
(c) 3rd
(d) 4th
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 4th

Explanation:
1. In the 1990s Delhi was the fourth most polluted among 41 cities of the world.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

Question 8: All the buses of Delhi were converted to run on CNG by The end of 2002. Why CNG is better than Diesel–
(a) CNG burns most efficiently
(b) Little of it is left unburnt
(c) Inactivate catalyst of catalytical convertor
(d) Both (1) and (2)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both (1) and (2)

Explanation:
1. CNG burns efficiently and very little of it is left unburnt, unlike petrol and diesel.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 9: What is the main problem with switching over to CNG from petrol and diesel ?
(a) High cost
(b) Difficulty of lying down pipelines to deliver CNG for uninterrupted supply
(c) Lack of suitable engines
(d) All the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Difficulty of lying down pipelines to deliver CNG for uninterrupted supply

Explanation:
1. The main problem with switching to CNG is laying pipelines for uninterrupted supply.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

Question 10: Beside use of CNG, simultaneously parallel steps taken in Delhi for reducing vehicular pollution, except–
(a) Use of unleaded petrol
(b) Use of low sulphur petrol and diesel
(c) Use of catalytic convertors
(d) Use of Electrostatic precipitators
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Use of Electrostatic precipitators

Explanation:
1. Electrostatic precipitators are used in power plants, not as a vehicular pollution step in Delhi.

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 11: The Government of India through a new auto fuel policy has laid out a road map to cut down vehicular pollution in Indian cities. Most stringent norms for fuels means–
(a) Steadily reducing the sulphur content in petrol
(b) Steadily reducing the aromatics content in petrol
(c) Steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatics content in petrol and diesel
(d) Steadily reducing the particulated matter in petrol and Diesel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatics content in petrol and diesel

Explanation:
1. The most stringent fuel norms mean steadily reducing the sulphur and aromatic content of petrol and diesel.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 12: The goal of Euro-IV norms, according to roadmap is to reduce sulphur to –
(a) 50 ppm in petrol and diesel
(b) 150 ppm in petrol and diesel
(c) 350 ppm in petrol and diesel
(d) 250 ppm in petrol and diesel
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 50 ppm in petrol and diesel

Explanation:
1. Euro-IV norms aim to reduce sulphur to 50 ppm in both petrol and diesel.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 13: According to Euro-III norms, In petrol or diesel aromatic hy drocarbo ns a re to b e contained at 42 percent and goal of it to bring down the level of sulphur –
(a) 30%
(b) 40%
(c) 42%
(d) 35%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 35%

Explanation:
1. Euro-IV norms aim to bring aromatic hydrocarbons down to 35 per cent.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

Question 14: The Bharat Stage-III, norms for reducing the level of vehicular pollutant, is equivalent to –
(a) Euro-I norms
(b) Euro-II norms
(c) Euro-III norms
(d) Euro-IV norms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Euro-III norms

Explanation:
1. Bharat Stage III norms are equivalent to Euro-III norms.

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 15: The Bharat Stage-III norms of Automobiles are applicable throughout the country from –
(a) 1 October 2005
(b) 1 October 2010
(c) 1 October 2009
(d) 1 October 2012
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1 October 2010

Explanation:
1. Bharat Stage III norms apply throughout India from 1 October 2010.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 16: All automobiles and fuel petrol and diesel - were to have met the Euro-IV emission specification in 13 highly polluted cities of India from –
(a) 1 April 2002
(b) 1 April 2005
(c) 1 April 2010
(d) 1 April 2012
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1 April 2010

Explanation:
1. Euro-IV standards were to be met in 13 major cities from 1 April 2010.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

Question 17: Air (Prevention and control of pollution) act 1981 was amended in 1987 to include __________ as an air pollutant. –
(a) Particulated matter
(b) Hydrocarbons
(c) Noise
(d) Radioactive pollutants
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Noise

Explanation:
1. The Air Act was amended in 1987 to include noise as an air pollutant.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 18: The Specific intensity of noise, which may damage ear drums and causes permanently impairing hearing ability is –
(a) Equal and less than 150 dB
(b) Equal and more than 150 dB
(c) Less than 20 dB
(d) Less than 80 dB
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Equal and more than 150 dB

Explanation:
1. Sound of 150 dB or more can damage the eardrum and cause permanent hearing impairment.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

Question 19: Noise as one of the important air pollutant is not responsible for –
(a) Sleeplessness
(b) Increase heart beating
(c) Altered breathing pattern
(d) Decreased oxygen carrying capacity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Decreased oxygen carrying capacity

Explanation:
1. Noise causes sleeplessness, increased heart rate and altered breathing, but not decreased oxygen carrying capacity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Air pollution control: electrostatic precipitators remove over 99 per cent of particulate matter, scrubbers remove gases such as SO2, and catalytic converters change unburnt hydrocarbons, CO and NOx to CO2, water, and N2 (they need unleaded petrol).
2. Delhi reduced vehicular pollution by CNG buses after the Supreme Court order; Bharat Stage norms follow Euro norms.

Question 20: To safe guard our water resources, water (prevention and control of pollution) act was came in force –
(a) 1971
(b) 1972
(c) 1974
(d) 1981
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 1974

Explanation:
1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act came into force in 1974.

Teacher's Note:
1. Domestic sewage is mainly biodegradable organic matter; polluted water has high BOD and low dissolved oxygen, and biomagnification occurs for DDT and mercury.
2. Accelerated ageing of lakes by nutrient enrichment is cultural eutrophication; the Arcata marsh treatment uses six connected marshes with plants, algae, fungi and bacteria.

Question 21: Regarding to composition of waste water which among the following is not true –
(a) Suspended solid – sand, silt & clay
(b) Colloidal matter – faecal matter, bacteria & cloth
(c) Dissolved material – nitrate, ammonia & phosphate
(d) Dissolved material – faecal matter, bacteria & nutrients
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Dissolved material – faecal matter, bacteria & nutrients

Explanation:
1. Faecal matter and bacteria are colloidal or suspended matter, not dissolved material.

Teacher's Note:
1. Ozone is measured in Dobson units; CFC releases chlorine in the stratosphere, and the Montreal Protocol (1987) controls ozone depleting substances; UV-B causes skin cancer and cornea inflammation.
2. National Forest Policy (1988) recommends 33 per cent forest cover; joint forest management (1980s) involves local communities, with the Chipko movement and Amrita Devi's Bishnoi sacrifice as examples.

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