NEET Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration MCQs Set 20

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Chemical Coordination and Integration

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Norepinephrin hormone is secreted from :-
(a) Zona glomerulosa
(b) Zonan fasiculata
(c) Zona reticularis
(d) Medulla of adrenal
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Medulla of adrenal

Explanation:
1. Noradrenaline (norepinephrine) is secreted by the adrenal medulla.

Teacher's Note:
1. The cortex zones secrete steroids.
2. Medulla secretes norepinephrine.

Question 2: Which gland is concerned with salt equillibrium in body :–
(a) Anterior pituitary
(b) Pancreas
(c) Adrenal
(d) Thyroid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Adrenal

Explanation:
1. The adrenal cortex releases aldosterone, which maintains salt (electrolyte) balance.

Teacher's Note:
1. Mineralocorticoid action.
2. Adrenal maintains salt balance.

Question 3: Largest amount of iodine is found in :-
(a) Adrenals
(b) Liver
(c) Thyroid
(d) Testes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Thyroid

Explanation:
1. The thyroid gland takes up iodine to make thyroxine, so it has the largest amount of iodine in the body.

Teacher's Note:
1. Iodised salt prevents goitre.
2. Thyroid holds most iodine.

Question 4: Which gland prepares you for flight, fear and fight during adverse conditions :-
(a) Thyroid
(b) Parathyroid
(c) Pituitary
(d) Adrenals
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Adrenals

Explanation:
1. The adrenal medulla secretes adrenaline and noradrenaline, which prepare the body for fight, flight and fear.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is called emergency gland.
2. Adrenals prepare for fight or flight.

Question 5: Corticosteroids are secreted by :
(a) Adrenal gland
(b) Pineal gland
(c) Pituitary gland
(d) Thyroid gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Adrenal gland

Explanation:
1. Corticosteroids such as cortisol and aldosterone are secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Teacher's Note:
1. The medulla makes catecholamines.
2. Adrenal cortex secretes corticoids.

Question 6: Aldosterone is secreted by :
(a) Zona glomerulosa
(b) Zona fasciculata
(c) Zona reticularis
(d) Zona pellucida
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Zona glomerulosa

Explanation:
1. Aldosterone is secreted by the zona glomerulosa, the outer zone of the adrenal cortex.

Teacher's Note:
1. The middle zone fasciculata makes cortisol.
2. Zona glomerulosa gives aldosterone.

Question 7: Increase glucose level in human is called :
(a) hypoglycemia
(b) hyperglycaemia
(c) hyposuria
(d) hypersuria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) hyperglycaemia

Explanation:
1. A rise in blood glucose is hyperglycaemia, as seen in diabetes mellitus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Hypoglycaemia is a fall.
2. High glucose is hyperglycaemia.

Question 8: Parathormone is secreted during :
(a) increased blood calcium level
(b) decreased blood calcium level
(c) increased blood sugar level
(d) decreased blood sugar level
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) decreased blood calcium level

Explanation:
1. Parathormone is secreted when the blood calcium level is low; it raises calcium by mobilising it from bone.

Teacher's Note:
1. Calcitonin acts when calcium is high.
2. PTH is released at low calcium.

Question 9: ACTH is secreted by:
(a) thyroid gland
(b) thymus gland
(c) pituitary gland
(d) Islets of Langerhans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) pituitary gland

Explanation:
1. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) is secreted by the anterior pituitary and stimulates the adrenal cortex.

Teacher's Note:
1. It controls cortisol.
2. ACTH is a pituitary hormone.

Question 10: Role of thymus in homosapiens is chiefly concerned with :-
(a) Reproduction
(b) Immunology
(c) Calcium balance
(d) Blood coagulation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Immunology

Explanation:
1. The thymus produces thymosins and helps in maturation of T lymphocytes, so it is concerned with immunity.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is large in children.
2. Thymus is for immunity.

Question 11: Melatonin is a hormone produced by :-
(a) Adrenal gland
(b) Pituitary gland
(c) Pineal gland
(d) Thymus gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Pineal gland

Explanation:
1. Melatonin, which regulates the sleep-wake cycle and body rhythms, is secreted by the pineal gland.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is light sensitive.
2. Pineal secretes melatonin.

Question 12: Thymosin stimulates :-
(a) Milk secretion
(b) Erythrocytes
(c) T-lymphocytes
(d) Melanocytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) T-lymphocytes

Explanation:
1. Thymosins promote differentiation of T lymphocytes, building cell-mediated immunity.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are produced by the thymus.
2. Thymosin acts on T cells.

Question 13: A hormone with seat of activity in liver-changing glucose into glycogen is produced by :-
(a) Pituitary
(b) Thymus
(c) Parathyroid
(d) Pancreas
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Pancreas

Explanation:
1. Insulin from the pancreas converts glucose into glycogen in the liver (glycogenesis).

Teacher's Note:
1. Glucagon does the reverse.
2. Pancreas insulin forms glycogen.

Question 14: Which glan d is bot h exocrine as well as endocrine ?
(a) Pituitary
(b) Mammary gland
(c) Thyroid
(d) Pancreas Glucagon is secreted by :- 40. (1) b(beta) cells of islets of langerhans (2) a (alphs) cells of islets of langerhans (3) b cells of pancreas (4) Adrenal cortex
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Pancreas Glucagon is secreted by :- 40. (1) b(beta) cells of islets of langerhans (2) a (alphs) cells of islets of langerhans (3) b cells of pancreas (4) Adrenal cortex

Explanation:
1. The pancreas is both exocrine (digestive juice) and endocrine (islets of Langerhans).

Teacher's Note:
1. It secretes insulin and glucagon.
2. Pancreas is mixed gland.

Question 15: Which of the following is not function of insulin ?
(a) Increase glycogenesis
(b) Increase glycogenolysis
(c) Increase up take of amino acid by liver and muscle
(d) Promote oxidation of glucose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Increase glycogenolysis

Explanation:
1. Insulin promotes glycogenesis, glucose uptake and oxidation, and amino acid uptake, but not glycogenolysis which is promoted by glucagon.

Teacher's Note:
1. Insulin lowers blood glucose.
2. Insulin does not increase glycogenolysis.

Question 16: Injection of Insulin to human leads to increased :-
(a) Glucose level of blood
(b) Glucose level of wine
(c) Glucose level of cells
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Glucose level of cells

Explanation:
1. Insulin increases glucose uptake by cells, so it lowers blood glucose and raises the glucose level in cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. Urine glucose falls too.
2. Cell glucose increases.

Question 17: Which hormone has anti insulin effect :-
(a) Cortisol
(b) Oxytocin
(c) Aldosterone
(d) Glucagon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Glucagon

Explanation:
1. Glucagon is antagonistic to insulin as it raises blood glucose.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cortisol also raises glucose but acts differently.
2. Glucagon is the anti-insulin.

Question 18: In old age, immune system becomes weak due to gradually degeneration of :-
(a) Pineal gland
(b) Parathyroid gland
(c) Thymus gland
(d) Adrenal gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Thymus gland

Explanation:
1. The thymus shrinks with age, so the immune response weakens in old age.

Teacher's Note:
1. T cell production falls.
2. Thymus degeneration weakens immunity.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Chemical Coordination and Integration

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