NEET Biology Chemical Coordination And Integration MCQs Set 01

Download NEET MCQs for NEET Biology: Chemical Coordination and Integration

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Chemical Coordination and Integration

Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Chemical Coordination and Integration below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official NEET textbooks.

Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The basal metabolic rate of body cells is regulated by:
(a) parathyroid gland
(b) thymus gland
(c) pituitary gland
(d) thyroid gland
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) thyroid gland

Explanation:
1. Thyroxine from the thyroid controls BMR

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 2: The pineal gland is not related to:
(a) maintaining body temperature
(b) defence capability
(c) influencing metabolism
(d) kidney functions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) kidney functions

Explanation:
1. Melatonin of the pineal gland influences temperature, metabolism, pigmentation, defence and the diurnal rhythm, but not kidney function

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 3: Hyperglycaemic and hypoglycaemic hormones are respectively:
(a) insulin and glucagon
(b) adrenaline and glucagon
(c) adrenaline and insulin
(d) glucagon and growth hormone
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) adrenaline and insulin

Explanation:
1. Adrenaline raises blood sugar, and insulin is the only hypoglycaemic hormone

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 4: The group of hormones that act through intracellular receptors is:
(a) hypothalamic hormones and epinephrine
(b) thyroid hormones and estradiol
(c) FSH and LH
(d) growth hormone and MSH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) thyroid hormones and estradiol

Explanation:
1. Steroid and iodothyronine hormones are lipid soluble and bind to receptors inside the cell

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 5: Find out the incorrect statement:
(a) Hormones produce their effect by binding with specific proteins on the cell membrane or inside the cell
(b) Receptors are specific for a particular hormone
(c) Hormones act with membrane-bound receptors and then enter the cell to bind with a secondary messenger
(d) Amine-nature hormones produce secondary messengers inside the target cell
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Hormones act with membrane-bound receptors and then enter the cell to bind with a secondary messenger

Explanation:
1. Hormones bound to membrane receptors do not enter the cell
2. The generated secondary messenger acts inside

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 6: Which group does not include organised endocrine glands?
(a) pituitary, pineal, thyroid
(b) adrenal, parathyroid, thymus
(c) pancreas, testis, ovary
(d) kidney, heart and gastrointestinal tract
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) kidney, heart and gastrointestinal tract

Explanation:
1. Kidney, heart and GI tract secrete hormones but are not organised endocrine glands

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 7: The 24-hour (diurnal) rhythm of the body, such as the sleep-wake cycle, is regulated by:
(a) prolactin
(b) calcitonin
(c) melatonin
(d) adrenaline
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) melatonin

Explanation:
1. Melatonin from the pineal gland regulates the sleep-wake cycle

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 8: Which hormone generates second messengers during its action?
(a) oestrogen
(b) thyroxine
(c) FSH
(d) cortisol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) FSH

Explanation:
1. FSH is a protein hormone and acts through membrane receptors and cAMP

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 9: Somatostatin inhibits the release of:
(a) prolactin
(b) growth hormone
(c) calcitonin
(d) gonadotropin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) growth hormone

Explanation:
1. Hypothalamic somatostatin inhibits growth hormone release

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 10: Hormone receptors are made up of:
(a) protein
(b) steroid
(c) amino acid
(d) all of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) protein

Explanation:
1. Receptors are proteins

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 11: Which hormone will not be present in the hypophyseal portal vein?
(a) TRH
(b) CRH
(c) somatostatin
(d) ACTH
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) ACTH

Explanation:
1. The portal vein carries hypothalamic releasing and inhibiting hormones
2. ACTH is released by the anterior pituitary into the general circulation

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 12: A woman may develop a beard and moustache due to:
(a) hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex
(b) hypersecretion of thyroxine
(c) hyposecretion of adrenaline
(d) hyposecretion of thyroxine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex

Explanation:
1. Excess adrenal androgens cause virilism

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 13: Tetany is caused by:
(a) hypoparathyroidism
(b) hyperparathyroidism
(c) hypothyroidism
(d) hyperthyroidism
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) hypoparathyroidism

Explanation:
1. Low PTH lowers blood calcium and causes muscle spasms

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 14: Stunted growth, mental retardation, abnormal skin and deaf-mutism in a growing baby are due to:
(a) hyperthyroidism
(b) hypothyroidism during pregnancy
(c) simple goitre
(d) thyroid myxoedema
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Explanation:
1. This is cretinism, caused by thyroxine deficiency during pregnancy or early life

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 15: The life-saving hormone is:
(a) adrenaline
(b) thyroxine
(c) cortisol
(d) insulin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) cortisol

Explanation:
1. Cortisol (glucocorticoid) maintains metabolism and stress response, and its deficiency is fatal

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 16: Choose the correct one:
(a) hypersecretion of thyroxine - acromegaly
(b) hyposecretion of aldosterone - Conn's disease
(c) hypersecretion of thyroxine - cretinism
(d) hyposecretion of glucocorticoid - Addison's disease
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) hyposecretion of glucocorticoid - Addison's disease

Explanation:
1. Addison's disease is due to low glucocorticoids
2. Acromegaly is excess GH, Conn's disease is excess aldosterone and cretinism is low thyroxine

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 17: Identify the hormone with the correct source and function:
(a) Oxytocin - posterior pituitary - growth of mammary glands
(b) Atrial natriuretic factor - ventricular wall - increases blood pressure
(c) Progesterone - corpus luteum - stimulates growth of female secondary sex organs
(d) Melatonin - pineal gland - regulates the sleep-wake cycle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Melatonin - pineal gland - regulates the sleep-wake cycle

Explanation:
1. Melatonin is secreted by the pineal gland and regulates the diurnal rhythm
2. The other descriptions are wrong

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 18: Which of the following are effects of adrenaline or noradrenaline? (a) increased alertness (b) pupillary constriction (c) piloerection (d) increased heart rate (e) increased respiratory rate (f) sweating
(a) all except (c)
(b) all except (b) and (f)
(c) all except (b)
(d) all except (b), (e) and (f)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) all except (b)

Explanation:
1. Adrenaline causes pupillary dilation, not constriction, and all the other listed effects occur

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 19: Identify the hormones of the gastrointestinal tract: (a) gastrin (b) secretin (c) cholecystokinin (d) ACTH (e) MSH (f) GIP
(a) (a), (b), (c) and (d)
(b) (b), (c), (d) and (e)
(c) (c), (d), (e) and (f)
(d) (a), (b), (c) and (f)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) (a), (b), (c) and (f)

Explanation:
1. Gastrin, secretin, CCK and GIP are GI hormones
2. ACTH and MSH are pituitary hormones

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

Question 20: The number of islets of Langerhans in the human pancreas is:
(a) 1 to 2 million
(b) 0.5 to 1 million
(c) 2 to 3 million
(d) 3 to 4 million
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 1 to 2 million

Explanation:
1. The human pancreas has 1 to 2 million islets

Teacher's Note:
1. Recall the NCERT fact.

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