NEET Biology Cell The Unit of Life MCQs Set 26

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: Cell The Unit of Life

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The structures that are formed by stacking of organized flattened membranous sacs in the chloroplasts are
(a) Stroma
(b) Cristae
(c) Grana
(d) Stroma lamellae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Grana

Explanation:
1. This option, Grana, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 2: The solid linear cytoskeletal elements having a diameter of 6nm and made up of a single type of monomer are known as
(a) Microtubules
(b) Microfilaments
(c) Intermediate filaments
(d) Lamins
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Answer: (b) Microfilaments

Explanation:
1. Microfilaments - Solid filaments made up of actin proteins.

Question 3: The osmotic expansion of a cell kept in water is chiefly regulated by
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Vacuoles
(c) Plastids
(d) Ribosomes
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Answer: (b) Vacuoles

Explanation:
1. Vacuoles - Large membrane bound space which cheifly contains water.

Question 4: The Golgi complex plays a major role
(a) In digesting proteins and carbohydrates
(b) As energy transferring organelles
(c) In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
(d) In trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy
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Answer: (c) In post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids

Explanation:
1. Lysosomes – In digesting proteins and carbohydrates.
2. Chloroplasts – In trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy.

Question 5: A major site for synthesis of lipids is
(a) SER
(b) Symplast
(c) Nucleoplasm
(d) RER
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) SER

Explanation:
1. This option, SER, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 6: Nuclear membrane is absent in
(a) Volvox
(b) Nostoc
(c) Penicillium
(d) Agaricus
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Answer: (b) Nostoc

Explanation:
1. This option, Nostoc, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 7: Which one of the following does not differ in E.coli and Chlamydomonas?
(a) Cell wall
(b) Cell membrane
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Chromosomal organization
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Answer: (b) Cell membrane

Explanation:
1. E.coli (Prokaryotic) Chlamydomonas (Eukaryotic) Cell wall → Peptidoglycan Cellulosic Ribosomes → 70S 80S Chromosomal organization → DNA without histones DNA with histones.

Question 8: Select the correct statement from the following regarding cell membrane
(a) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part
(b) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was porposed by Singer and Nicolson
(c) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport
(d) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was porposed by Singer and Nicolson

Explanation:
1. Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the outer part.
2. Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by active transport.
3. Proteins make up 50% of the cell membrane.

Question 9: What is true about ribosomes ?
(a) These are found only in eukaryotic cells
(b) These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs
(c) The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80S, where "S" stands for sedimentation coefficient
(d) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) These are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins

Explanation:
1. These are found in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
2. Prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S where “S” stands for sedimentation co-efficient.

Question 10: Ribosomal RNA is actively synthesized in :
(a) Nucleoplasm
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Lysosomes
(d) Nucleolus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Nucleolus

Explanation:
1. Site of synthesis of ribosomes is nucleolus.

Question 11: Which one of the following structures is an organelle within an organelle?
(a) Ribosome
(b) Peroxisome
(c) ER
(d) Mesosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ribosome

Explanation:
1. Ribosome is present on ER and that ER is known as RER.

Question 12: Which one of the following cellular parts is correctly described?
(a) Thylakoids-flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts
(b) Centrioles - sites for active RNA synthesis
(c) Ribosomes-those on chloroplasts are larger (80S) while those in the cytoplasm are smaller (70S)
(d) Lysosomes-optimally active at a pH of about 8.5
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Thylakoids-flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts

Explanation:
1. Thylakoids - flattened membranous sacs forming the grana of chloroplasts Centrioles – Spindle appratus formation Ribosomes – Those on chloroplasts are smallest (70S) while those in the cytoplasm are larger (80S) Lysosomes – Optimally active of a pH of about less 7 i.e., acidic.

Question 13: Important site for formation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is
(a) Lysosome
(b) Vacuole
(c) Golgi apparatus
(d) Plastid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Golgi apparatus

Explanation:
1. Golgi apparatus is concerned with glycosylation (glycoprotein) and glycosidation (glycolipid).

Question 14: Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Chloroplast
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Chromoplast
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ribosomes

Explanation:
1. This option, Ribosomes, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 15: In eubacteria, a cellular component that resembles eukaryotic cell is
(a) Cell wall
(b) Plasma membrane
(c) Nucleus
(d) Ribosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Plasma membrane

Explanation:
1. Plasma membrane is made up of lipid bilayer and also has proteins.

Question 16: In mitochondria, protons accumulate in the
(a) Intermembrane space
(b) Matrix
(c) Outer membrane
(d) Inner membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Intermembrane space

Explanation:
1. This option, Intermembrane space, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 17: Which one of the following is not considered as a part of the endomembrane system?
(a) Vacuole
(b) Lysosome
(c) Golgi complex
(d) Peroxisome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Peroxisome

Explanation:
1. Endomembrane system includes Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi complex, Lysosomes and Vacuoles.

Question 18: The plasma membrane consists mainly of
(a) Proteins embedded in a carbohydrate bilayer
(b) Phospholipids embedded in a protein bilayer
(c) Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer
(d) Proteins embedded in a polymer of glucose molecules
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer

Explanation:
1. This option, Proteins embedded in a phospholipid bilayer, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 19: Which one of the following has its own DNA?
(a) Peroxisome
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Dictyosome
(d) Lysosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Mitochondria

Explanation:
1. Mitochondria – semi-autonomous organelle.

Question 20: Which one of the following statements about the particular entity is true?
(a) Centromere is found in animal cells, which produces aster during cell division
(b) The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell
(c) Nucleosome is formed of nucleotides
(d) DNA consists of a core of eight histones
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) The gene for producing insulin is present in every body cell

Explanation:
1. (1) Centriole is found in animal cells, which help in the producing aster during cell division. (3) Nucleosoe consists of core of eight histones. (4) DNA is formed of nucleotides.

Question 21: An elaborate network of filamentous proteinaceous structures present in the cytoplasm which helps in the maintenance of cell shape is called
(a) Thylakoid
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Plasmalemma
(d) Cytoskeleton
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Cytoskeleton

Explanation:
1. Microtubule Cytoskeleton Microfilament Intermediate filaments.

Question 22: Middle lamella is composed mainly of
(a) Muramic acid
(b) Calcium pectate
(c) Phosphoglycerides
(d) Hemicellulose
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Calcium pectate

Explanation:
1. Phosphoglycerides Component of bacterial cell wall Muramic acid Hemicellulose – Plant cell wall.

Question 23: Cytoskeleton is made up of
(a) Callose deposits
(b) Cellulosic microfibrils
(c) Proteinaceous filaments
(d) Calcium carbonate granules
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Proteinaceous filaments

Explanation:
1. Proteinacious filamentous structures present in cell is known as cytoskeleton.

Question 24: Polysome is formed by
(a) Ribosomes attached to each other in a linear arrangement
(b) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA
(c) Many ribosomes attached to a strand of endoplasmic reticulum
(d) A ribosome with several subunits
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Several ribosomes attached to a single mRNA

Explanation:
1. Polysomes are present in prokaryotes.

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FAQs

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