NEET Biology Cell Cycle and Cell Division MCQs Set 10

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: If egg of an organism has 10 pg of DNA in its nucleus. How much DNA would a diploid cell of same organism have in G2 phase of meiosis?
(a) 10 pg
(b) 5 pg
(c) 20 pg
(d) 40 pg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 40 pg

Explanation:
1. Egg of an organism = 10 pg DNA because egg is haploid i.e., (C) = 10 pg Amount of DNA Diploid cell = 2C after S-phase DNA contents doubles ∴ in G2 phase = DNA content = 4C ∴ (4) = 4 × 10 = 40 Pg.

Question 2: To produce 102 pollen grains, how many meiotic divisions are required?
(a) 25
(b) 25.5
(c) 26
(d) 27
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 26

Explanation:
1. This is so because 1 meiotic division will produce 4 haploid cell For 102 ⇒ Number of meiotic division (n) 102 ⇒ But = 25.5 . But a division cannot be 0.5 so it must be 26. 4.

Question 3: Find out the wrong statement
(a) Each metaphasic plate in heterotypic division of meiosis contains half the number of diploid set of chromosomes.
(b) Interkinesis is generally short lived
(c) Synaptonemal complex and nuclear membrane completely disappear in diplotene
(d) Homologous chromosomes move to respective poles in anaphase-I
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Synaptonemal complex and nuclear membrane completely disappear in diplotene

Explanation:
1. Synaptonemal complex and nuclear envelope completely disappear in the end of diakinesis.

Question 4: What will be the content of DNA in a somatic cell at G2 if its meiotic products have 20 picogram of DNA?
(a) 40 pg
(b) 20 pg
(c) 80 pg
(d) 160 pg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 80 pg

Explanation:
1. Diploid cell will have 2C and after S phase it will become 4C ∴ 4 × 20 = 80 pg.

Question 5: All chromosomes of a cell are directed towards one side and are attached to the nuclear membrane, can be observed in
(a) Leptotene
(b) Zygotene
(c) Pachytene
(d) Diplotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Leptotene

Explanation:
1. Leptotene → Bouquet stage.

Question 6: Diplotene phase of meiosis is also characterised by<br />a. Desynapsis<br />b. Complete terminalisation of chiasmata<br />c. Dictyotene stage<br />d. Complete disappearance of nuclear membrane and nucleoli<br />e. Complete development of astral rays and aster f. Longest phase of prophase-I
(a) a, b, c and e
(b) b, d, e and f
(c) a, c and f
(d) b, d and f
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a, c and f

Explanation:
1. i.e., a → Desynapsis c → Dictyotene stage f → Longest phase of Prophase-I.

Question 7: The recombination nodules which mediate for chromosome recombination appear at intervals on the synaptonemal complex during
(a) Zygotene stage
(b) Meiosis
(c) Pachytene stage
(d) Diplotene stage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Pachytene stage

Explanation:
1. Stage of crossing over → Pachytene stage.

Question 8: In oocytes, which stage can last for months or years, since at this stage the chromosomes decondense and are engaged in RNA synthesis
(a) Diakinesis
(b) Telophase-I
(c) Diplotene
(d) Intrameiotic interphase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Diplotene

Explanation:
1. Longest phase of prophase I-Diplotene.

Question 9: When synapsis is complete all along the chromosome, the cells are said to have entered a stage of prophase I, where exchange of genetic material takes place between homologous chromosomes. The stage is called
(a) Zygotene
(b) Pachytene
(c) Diplotene
(d) Diakinesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Pachytene

Explanation:
1. This option, Pachytene, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 10: The beginning of which stage of prophase is marked by complete terminalisation of chiasmata and inhibition of RNA synthesis?
(a) Pachytene
(b) Diplotene
(c) Diakinesis
(d) Zygotene
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Diakinesis

Explanation:
1. Chiasmata slips towards the end of chromosome.

Question 11: The paradox of meiosis is
(a) Conservation of specific chromosome number from generation to generation
(b) Produces four haploid cells after meiosis II
(c) It is a double division
(d) Does not involve DNA replication
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Conservation of specific chromosome number from generation to generation

Explanation:
1. Meiosis reduces chromosome number to half in gametes thus maintains same chromosome number in species.

Question 12: Which of the following options gives the correct sequence of events during mitosis?
(a) Condensation → nuclear membrane disassembly → crossing over → segregation → telophase
(b) Condensation → nuclear membrane disassembly → arrangement at equator → centromere division → segregation → telophase
(c) Condensation → crossing over → nuclear membrane disassembly → segregation → telophase
(d) Condensation → arrangement at equator → centromere division → segregation → telophase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Condensation → nuclear membrane disassembly → arrangement at equator → centromere division → segregation → telophase

Explanation:
1. The correct sequence of events during mitosis would be as follows (i) Condensation of DNA so that chromosomes become visible occurs during early to mid-prophase. (ii) Nuclear membrane disassembly begins at late prophase or transition to metaphase. (iii) Arrangement of chromosomes at equator occurs during metaphase, called congression. (iv) Centromere division or splitting occurs during anaphase forming daughter chromosomes. (v) Segregation also occurs during anaphase as daughter chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles. (vi) Telophase leads to formation of two daughter nuclei.

Question 13: Anaphase promoting complex (APC) is a protein degradation machinery necessary for proper mitosis of animal cells. If APC is defective in a human cell, which of the following is expected to occur?
(a) Chromosomes will not condense
(b) Chromosomes will be fragmented
(c) Chromosomes will not segregate
(d) Recombination of chromosome arms will occur
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Chromosomes will not segregate

Explanation:
1. Anaphase Promoting Complex (APC) is a protein necessary for separation of daughter chromosomes during anaphase.
2. If APC is defective then the chromosomes will fail to segregate during anaphase.

Question 14: During cell growth, DNA synthesis takes place in
(a) S phase
(b) G1 phase
(c) G2 phase
(d) M phase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) S phase

Explanation:
1. DNA replication occurs in S-phase of cell cycle.

Question 15: Match the stages of meiosis of Column-I to their characteristic features in Column-II and select the correct option using the codes given below: Column-I Column-II<br />a. Pachytene (i) Pairing of homologous chromosomes<br />b. Metaphase I (ii) Terminalization of chiasmata<br />c. Diakinesis (iii)Crossing-over takes place<br />d. Zygotene (iv) Chromosomes align at equatorial plate
(a) a(iii), b(iv), c(ii), d(i)
(b) a(i), b(iv), c(ii), d(iii)
(c) a(ii), b(iv), c(iii), d(i)
(d) a(iv), b(iii), c(ii), d(i)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a(iii), b(iv), c(ii), d(i)

Explanation:
1. Pachytene - Stage of crossing over Metaphase-I - Chromosome align at equatorial plate Diakinesis - Terminalisation of chiasmata Zygotene - Pairing of homologous chromosome.

Question 16: Spindle fibres attach on to
(a) Kinetosome of the chromosome
(b) Telomere of the chromosome
(c) Kinetochore of the chromosome
(d) Centromere of the chromosome
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Kinetochore of the chromosome

Explanation:
1. Spindle fibres attach to kinetochores of chromosomes.

Question 17: Which of the following is not a characteristic feature during mitosis in somatic cells?
(a) Synapsis
(b) Spindle fibres
(c) Disappearance of nucleolus
(d) Chromosome movement
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Synapsis

Explanation:
1. Synapsis is pairing of homologous chromosomes.
2. It occurs during zygotene stage of meiosis.

Question 18: Select the correct option<br />Column I Column II<br />a. Synapsis aligns homologous chromosomes (i) Anaphase-II<br />b. Synthesis of RNA and protein (ii) Zygotene<br />c. Action of enzyme recombinase (iii) G2-phase<br />d. Centromeres do not separate but chromatids move towards opposite poles (iv) Anaphase-I<br />(v) Pachytene
(a) a(ii), b(iii), c(iv), d(v)
(b) a(ii), b(i), c(iii), d(iv)
(c) a(ii), b(iii), c(v), d(iv)
(d) a(i), b(ii), c(v), d(iv)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) a(ii), b(iii), c(v), d(iv)

Explanation:
1. This option, a(ii), b(iii), c(v), d(iv), is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 19: The enzyme recombinase is required at which stage of meiosis
(a) Pachytene
(b) Zygotene
(c) Diplotene
(d) Diakinesis
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Pachytene

Explanation:
1. Recombinase enzyme is responsible for crossing over.

Question 20: The complex formed by a pair of synapsed homologous chromosomes is called :
(a) Kinetochore
(b) Bivalent
(c) Axoneme
(d) Equatorial plate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Bivalent

Explanation:
1. This option, Bivalent, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 21: Identify the meiotic stage in which the homologous chromosomes separate while the sister chromatids remain associated at their centromeres :
(a) Metaphase I
(b) Metaphase II
(c) Anaphase I
(d) Anaphase II
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Anaphase I

Explanation:
1. This option, Anaphase I, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 22: Select the correct option with respect to mitosis
(a) Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along euatorial plate in metaphase
(b) Chromatids separate but remain in the centre of the cell in anaphase
(c) Choromatids start moving towards opposite poles in telophase
(d) Golgi complex and endoplasmic reticulum are still visible at the end of prophase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Chromosomes move to the spindle equator and get aligned along euatorial plate in metaphase

Explanation:
1. Poleward movement of chromosome → Anaphase.

Question 23: At metaphase, chromosomes are attached to the spindle fibres by their
(a) Kinetochores
(b) Centromere
(c) Satellites
(d) Secondary constrictions
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Kinetochores

Explanation:
1. This option, Kinetochores, is the one that agrees with the standard NCERT facts for this topic.

Question 24: Synapsis occurs between
(a) mRNA and ribosomes
(b) Spindle fibres and centromere
(c) Two homologous chromosomes
(d) A male and a female gamete
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Two homologous chromosomes

Explanation:
1. Homologous chromosomes are two similar chromosomes contributed by both parents.

Question 25: At what stage of the cell cycle are histone proteins synthesized in a eukaryotic cell ?
(a) During entire prophase
(b) During telophase
(c) During S-phase
(d) During G2 stage of prophase
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) During S-phase

Explanation:
1. DNA replication and histone protein synthesis occurs in S-phase.

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