Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Cell Biology
Explore reliable objective questions for Cell Biology tailored for NEET learners. Utilizing these Biology multiple-choice formats ensures thorough preparation and strengthens problem-solving speed for upcoming school assessments.
Practice Cell Biology MCQs for NEET Biology
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Multiple Choice Questions
(a) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
(b) in trapping the light and transforming it into chemical energy
(c) in digesting proteins and carbohydrates
(d) as energy transferring organelles
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) in post translational modification of proteins and glycosidation of lipids
Explanation:
1. The Golgi complex modifies proteins after translation and glycosylates lipids.
Teacher's Note:
1. Trapping of light is the chloroplast's role.
(a) Ribosomes
(b) Nucleus
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Chloroplast
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Ribosomes
Explanation:
1. Ribosomes have RNA and protein only and contain no DNA.
Teacher's Note:
1. DNA occurs in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts.
(a) Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids
(b) Rough ER– Synthesis of glycogen
(c) Rough ER – Oxidation of fatty acids
(d) Smooth ER – Oxidation of phospholipids
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Smooth ER – Synthesis of lipids
Explanation:
1. The smooth ER synthesises lipids.
Teacher's Note:
1. Glycogen is not made by RER.
(a) RER
(b) SER
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Nucleus
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) SER
Explanation:
1. The smooth ER is the site of lipid biosynthesis.
Teacher's Note:
1. It also detoxifies.
(a) 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules
(b) Protective structure of cells
(c) Only present in protozoa Animals
(d) Only outgrowth structure of cytoplasm
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules
Explanation:
1. Cilia and flagella have a 9+2 arrangement of microtubules.
Teacher's Note:
1. They arise from basal bodies.
(a) Primary cell wall
(b) Secondary cell wall
(c) Tertiary cell wall
(d) Cell membrane
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Primary cell wall
Explanation:
1. The primary wall is capable of growth and the capacity falls as the cell matures.
Teacher's Note:
1. The secondary wall is added after growth stops.
(a) Proteins and cellulose
(b) Proteins and phospholipids
(c) Proteins and carbohydrates
(d) Proteins, phospholipids and some carbohydrates
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Proteins, phospholipids and some carbohydrates
Explanation:
1. The plasma membrane is made of lipids (phospholipids), proteins and a small amount of carbohydrate.
Teacher's Note:
1. Carbohydrates are attached to lipids and proteins as glycolipids and glycoproteins.
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Sphaerosome
(c) Chromosome
(d) Flagella
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Chromosome
Explanation:
1. The kinetochore is a disc-like structure on the chromosome at the centromere.
Teacher's Note:
1. Spindle fibres attach to it.
(a) Enzymes
(b) cAMP
(c) Hormones
(d) RNA
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) RNA
Explanation:
1. The nucleus sends RNA (mRNA) into the cytoplasm for protein synthesis.
Teacher's Note:
1. It directs the activities this way.
(a) Peroxisome
(b) Glyoxysome
(c) Golgi body
(d) Lysosome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Glyoxysome
Explanation:
1. Glyoxysomes convert stored fat into carbohydrate in germinating oil seeds.
Teacher's Note:
1. Peroxisomes handle photorespiration.
(a) Karyotype
(b) Gene pool
(c) Genotype
(d) Genome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Genome
Explanation:
1. A genome is the complete set of chromosomes inherited from one parent.
Teacher's Note:
1. Karyotype is the set seen under the microscope.
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Chloroplasts
(c) Lysosomes
(d) Nuclei
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Lysosomes
Explanation:
1. Lysosomes are surrounded by one membrane.
Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria, chloroplasts and nuclei have two.
(a) Centromere
(b) Telomere
(c) Kinetochore
(d) Satellite
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Telomere
Explanation:
1. Telomeres are linked to ageing and cancer; their shortening limits cell divisions.
Teacher's Note:
1. Telomerase is active in cancer cells.
(a) Vascular cambium
(b) Root hair
(c) Companion cell
(d) Members of seive tube
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Members of seive tube
Explanation:
1. Sieve tube members lack nuclei at maturity.
Teacher's Note:
1. Companion cells have nuclei.
(a) Mitochondria
(b) Centrioles
(c) Chloroplast
(d) Ribosome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Ribosome
Explanation:
1. Ribosomes do not self-duplicate; they are made from rRNA and proteins.
Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria, centrioles and chloroplasts do.
(a) Lycopene in chloroplast
(b) Xanthophylls in chromoplast
(c) Lycopene in chromoplast
(d) Anthocyanin in leucoplast
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Lycopene in chromoplast
Explanation:
1. The red colour of tomato and chilli is due to lycopene in chromoplasts.
Teacher's Note:
1. Anthocyanin is in the vacuole.
(a) Plasma membrane
(b) Nucleus
(c) Ribosomes
(d) Cell wall
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Plasma membrane
Explanation:
1. The plasma membrane of eubacteria resembles that of eukaryotes.
Teacher's Note:
1. Eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S; the bacterial wall is different.
(a) Glyoxysomes
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Golgibody
(d) E.R.
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Glyoxysomes
Explanation:
1. Glyoxysomes of germinating oil seeds are specialised peroxisomes.
Teacher's Note:
1. They carry out the glyoxylate cycle.
(a) mitochondria, peroxisome
(b) mitochondria, chloroplast
(c) peroxisome, glyoxisome
(d) chloroplast, ribosome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) peroxisome, glyoxisome
Explanation:
1. Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes have no DNA.
Teacher's Note:
1. Mitochondria and chloroplasts do, and ribosomes do not.
(a) Nucleus & E.R.
(b) Mitochondria & chloroplast
(c) Ribosome & nucleolus
(d) Golgi body & lysosome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) Ribosome & nucleolus
Explanation:
1. Ribosomes and the nucleolus have no limiting membrane.
Teacher's Note:
1. ER, Golgi and lysosomes are membrane bound.
(a) Plastids
(b) Microbodies
(c) Nucleoli
(d) Satellite bodies
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Microbodies
Explanation:
1. Microbodies are minute, membrane-bound vesicles containing enzymes, in plants and animals.
Teacher's Note:
1. Peroxisomes and glyoxysomes are examples.
(a) Chromatid
(b) Chromonema
(c) Chromomere
(d) Centromere
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) Centromere
Explanation:
1. Spindle fibres attach at the centromere (kinetochore).
Teacher's Note:
1. It is the primary constriction.
(a) Rough ER
(b) Smooth ER
(c) Golgi bodies
(d) Ribosome
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Smooth ER
Explanation:
1. The smooth ER is the site of lipid synthesis.
Teacher's Note:
1. The RER makes proteins.
(a) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar heads towards the inner part
(b) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson
(c) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane by passive transport
(d) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell membrane
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was proposed by Singer and Nicolson
Explanation:
1. Singer and Nicolson proposed the fluid mosaic model.
Teacher's Note:
1. Lipid heads face outward, ions cross by active transport and proteins are 52 percent in RBCs.
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FAQs
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