NEET Biology Breathing and Exchange of Gases MCQs Set 09

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following volume or capacity of lungs can’t be measured directly by the spirometer?
(a) Residual volume
(b) Functional residual capacity
(c) Total capacity
(d) All of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. Spirometer can measure the volume of air goes inside and outside the lungs.
2. It does not measure the residual volume of air that remains inside the lungs.
3. So, residual volume, functional residual capacity and total capacity cannot be measured by spirometer.

Question 2: Amount of air left in the lung after normal expiration is
(a) Residual volume
(b) Inspiratory reserve volume
(c) Expiratory reserve volume
(d) Functional residual capacity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Functional residual capacity

Explanation:
1. It is the volume of air left in the lung after normal expiration.
2. FRC = ERV + RV = 2500 ml.

Question 3: Minute Volume of Respiration (MVR) in a person can be defined as
(a) Tidal volume × Breathing rate
(b) (Tidal volume – Anatomic dead space) × Breathing rate
(c) Vital capacity ÷ Breathing rate
(d) Vital capacity ÷ Tidal volume
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Tidal volume × Breathing rate

Explanation:
1. Minute volume is the volume of air a person can inhale per minute.
2. Minute volume = Tidal volume × Breathing rate 500 ml × 12–16/min = 6000 - 8000 ml/min.

Question 4: The CO2 content by volume, in the atmospheric air is about
(a) 3.34%
(b) 4%
(c) 0.0314%
(d) 0.34%
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 0.0314%

Explanation:
1. Air composition : Nitrogen = 78% Oxygen = 21% CO2 = 0.03% Argon = <1% Other gases = <1%.

Question 5: Although much CO2 is carried in blood, yet blood does not become acidic, because
(a) CO2 is continuously diffused through the tissues and is not allowed to accumulate
(b) In CO2 transport, blood buffers play an important role
(c) CO2 is absorbed by the leucocytes
(d) CO2 combines with water to form H2CO3 which is neutralized by NaCO3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) In CO2 transport, blood buffers play an important role

Explanation:
1. This is so because blood acts as a buffer, which resists the change in pH of blood, because of bicarbonate ions.

Question 6: The carbon dioxide is transported via blood to lungs
(a) In combination with haemoglobin only
(b) Dissolved in blood plasma only
(c) In the form of carbonic acid only
(d) As carbaminohaemoglobin and as bicarbonates
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) As carbaminohaemoglobin and as bicarbonates

Explanation:
1. CO2 transport via plasma = 7%; Bicarbonate = 70%; Haemoglobin = 20–25%.

Question 7: How does the transport of O2 and CO2 by blood occur?
(a) With the help of WBCs and blood serum
(b) With the help of platelets and corpuscles
(c) With the help of RBCs and blood plasma
(d) With the help of RBCs and WBCs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) With the help of RBCs and blood plasma

Explanation:
1. Blood is the medium of transport for O2 and CO2.

Question 8: What is true about RBCs in humans?
(a) They do not carry CO2 at all
(b) They carry both CO2 and O2
(c) They transport 99.5 percent of O2
(d) They transport about 80 percent oxygen only and the rest 20 percent of it is transported in dissolved state in blood plasma
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) They carry both CO2 and O2

Explanation:
1. RBCs carry 20-25% of CO2 as carbaminohaemoglobin and 97% of O2 as oxyhaemoglobin.

Question 9: How carbon monoxide, emitted by automobiles, prevents transport of oxygen to the body tissues?
(a) By forming a stable compound with haemoglobin
(b) By inhibiting exchange of O2 at alveoli
(c) By changing oxygen into carbon dioxide
(d) By destroying the haemoglobin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) By forming a stable compound with haemoglobin

Explanation:
1. This is so because carbon monoxide has more affinity to bind with haeme group of haemoglobin, than oxygen 250 : 1 CO : O2.

Question 10: Mark the incorrect statement
(a) Hering Breuer’s reflex prevents the over expansion of lungs
(b) Oxygen dissociation curve for foetal haemoglobin is on the left side with respect to maternal haemoglobin
(c) When pneumotaxic centre transmits strong signals then inspiration time becomes shorter
(d) Amount of air left in the lung after normal expiration is termed as residual volume only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Amount of air left in the lung after normal expiration is termed as residual volume only

Explanation:
1. Amount of air left in the lung after forceful expiration is termed as residual volume.

Question 11: Which of the following reflex is involved to prevent excessive inflation of the lungs?
(a) Stretch reflex
(b) Hering-Breuer’s reflex
(c) Withdrawal reflex
(d) Conditioned reflex
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Hering-Breuer’s reflex

Explanation:
1. Excessive inflation → Stretch receptors get activated → Cause expiration by sending signal through vagus nerve to inhibit inspiratory area.

Question 12: Chemoreceptors present in carotid and aortic arch are very much sensitive to
(a) Increase in pCO2 in arterial blood
(b) Increase in pO2 in arterial blood
(c) Decrease in pO2 in venous blood
(d) Both (2) & (3)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Increase in pCO2 in arterial blood

Explanation:
1. Chemoreceptors present in carotid and aortic are sensitive to CO2 and H+.

Question 13: A person remaining at high altitudes for years becomes more and more acclimatized to the low pO2 by the following except
(a) Increased pulmonary ventilation
(b) Increased in RBCs and haemoglobin concentration
(c) Polycythemia
(d) Increased cardiac output permanently
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Increased cardiac output permanently

Explanation:
1. At high altitude (less pO2) then more RBC production which leads to increase RBC count (polycythemia) in blood, due which viscosity of blood increases, hence cardiac output decreases.

Question 14: If the blood does not deliver adequate O2 to the tissues, it is called
(a) Anaemia
(b) Anorexia
(c) Hypoxia
(d) Hypopnea
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Hypoxia

Explanation:
1. Anorexia – Loss of apetite Hypoxia – Low oxygen condition in tissue Hypopnea – Slow breathing Anaemia – Low hemoglobin, immature RBC.

Question 15: Less oxygen due to high levels of carbon dioxide is called
(a) Carbon monoxide poisoning
(b) Asphyxia
(c) Dyspnea
(d) Apnoea
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Asphyxia

Explanation:
1. Dyspnea – Painful breathing Apnoea – No breathing Asphyxia – Combination of Hypoxia (low O2) + Hypercapnia (more CO2).

Question 16: Hiccups can be best described as
(a) Forceful sudden expiration
(b) Jerky incomplete inspiration
(c) Vibration of the soft palate during breathing
(d) Sign of indigestion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Jerky incomplete inspiration

Explanation:
1. This is so because hiccups occur due to spasm of phrenic muscle which leads to jerky inspiration.

Question 17: Assertion (A): Pneumotaxic centre controls rate of respiration.
Reason (R): Primarily it controls switch off point of inspiration.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Pneumotaxic centre are switch off centre of inspiration.

Question 18: Assertion (A): Asthmatic patients use bronchiodilator drugs as well as inhalers for symptomatic relief.
Reason (R): Asthma is characterized by the spasm of smooth muscles in the wall of bronchioles due to allergen.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Asthma is an allergic reaction.

Question 19: Assertion (A): Major part of carbondioxide is transported in the form of sodium bicarbonate.
Reason (R): 0.3 ml of carbon dioxide is transported per 100 ml of blood in dissolved state in plasma of blood.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Only 7% of CO2 is transported in dissolved state in plasma of blood.

Question 20: Assertion (A): Normal expiration during quiet breathing, unlike inspiration, is a passive process because no muscular contractions are involved.
Reason (R): Normal expiration results from the elastic recoil of the chest wall and lungs.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Normal expiration in human is due to relaxation of muscles.

Question 21: Assertion (A): When a person starts doing exercise, rate and depth of breathing increase even before these are changes in pO2, pCO2 or H+ concentration.
Reason (R): The main stimulus for these quick changes is due to input from the proprioreceptors, which monitor movements of joints and muscles.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. This option, Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion., is the correct choice, as it agrees with the standard NCERT account of this topic.

Question 22: Assertion (A): Emphysema is a chronic obstructive disease of lung, causing irreversible distension and loss of elasticity of alveoli.
Reason (R): Emphysema is preventable if chronic exposure to smoke (cigarette and others) and pollutants is avoided.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Emphysema is due to inflation of alveoli.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Breathing and Exchange of Gases

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