NEET Biology Body Fluids and Circulation MCQs Set 29

Answer: (b) antibodies

Explanation:
1. Anti-serum is a blood serum that contains antibodies.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: antibodies

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.
2. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.

Answer: (b) Thrombin

Explanation:
1. Thrombin, formed from prothrombin, acts on fibrinogen and converts it to fibrin threads.
2. The threads trap blood cells to form the clot.
3. Plasmin does the opposite, it dissolves the clot.
4. Hence option (b) is correct: Thrombin

Teacher's Note:
1. During blood clotting, lysis of fibrinogen to fibrin occurs by plasma thrombin.
2. Later on fibrin entangles corpuscles to form a clot.

Answer: (c) O

Explanation:
1. Blood group ‘O’ is universal donor.
2. Group ‘O’ blood, with no antigens, can be given to anyone.
3. Hence option (c) is correct: O

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.
2. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.

Answer: (b) Left ventricle

Explanation:
1. Left ventricle of the heart has the thickest wall because it has to pump the blood to the farthest end of the body.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Left ventricle

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (b) SA node - Pace maker

Explanation:
1. Malleus is hammer shaped; lymphocytes are type of leucocytes and hemophilia is bleeder’s disease (genetic) disorder).
2. SA node acts as pacemaker because it functions as originator of cardiac impulse.
3. Hence option (b) is correct: SA node - Pace maker

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.
2. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.

Answer: (c) with irregularity in the heart rhythm.

Explanation:
1. Artificial pace maker is implanted to the patients where heart beat level drops abnormally low (30-40) due to disease or operations.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: with irregularity in the heart rhythm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (c) A protein produced from transgenic Brassica napus, which prevents blood clotting.

Explanation:
1. Hirudin is an anticlotting agent produced by transgenic Brassica napus.
2. Hence option (c) is correct: A protein produced from transgenic Brassica napus, which prevents blood clotting.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (d) heparin

Explanation:
1. Blood contains an anticoagulant called heparin, which prevents the activation of prothrombin.
2. The latter is an inactive globulin which is required during blood coagulation.
3. Hence option (d) is correct: heparin

Teacher's Note:
1. Heparin is released from the mast-cell granules.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (a) arteriosclerosis

Explanation:
1. High proportion of cholesterol in blood leads to deposition of cholesterol on the walls of blood vessels.
2. This causes the arteries to lose their elasticity and get stiffened.
3. Hence option (a) is correct: arteriosclerosis

Teacher's Note:
1. This is called arteriosclerosis or hardening of arteries.
2. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.

Answer: (a) Lubb - Sharp closure of AV valves at the beginning of ventricular systole.

Explanation:
1. Lubb sound is caused partly by the closure of the bicuspid and tricuspid valves and partly by the contraction of the muscles in the ventricles.
2. Lubb is the first heart sound.
3. Hence option (a) is correct: Lubb - Sharp closure of AV valves at the beginning of ventricular systole.

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.
2. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.

Answer: (d) filtering of bacteria from the lymph

Explanation:
1. The lymphatic system not only regulates fluid amounts in the blood but also helps to fight infection.
2. The lymph nodes produce white blood cells and filter harmful bacteria, that is why they tend to enlarge when we have an infection.
3. Hence option (d) is correct: filtering of bacteria from the lymph

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (c) coronary arteries

Explanation:
1. Coronary arteries supply the blood to the heart.
2. Carotid arteries supply the blood to head region.
3. Hence option (c) is correct: coronary arteries

Teacher's Note:
1. Hepatic arteries supply the blood to liver while the pulmonary artery supplies blood to the lungs.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (d) The blood has more platelets than WBC.

Explanation:
1. The number of blood platelets per cubic mm in human blood is 3 lacs while the number of WBCs are 5000/cubic mm of blood.
2. Veins are as complex as the arteries.
3. Hence option (d) is correct: The blood has more platelets than WBC.

Teacher's Note:
1. Veins and arteries both are types of blood vessels.
2. Arteries carry blood from heart to different organs while vein carries blood from different organs to heart.

Answer: (c) Spleen

Explanation:
1. Spleen is referred to as a blood bank of the body because it is the organ having the function of making and storing lymphocytes and red corpuscles.
2. These are squeezed out into the blood-stream when the body needs more in circulation, as for instance in haemorrhage or shock.
3. Hence option (c) is correct: Spleen

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (b) Blood sugar (fasting) - 70-100 mg/100 ml

Explanation:
1. Fasting glucose level is 70-110 mg/decilitre.
2. Total blood volume in normal adult human is 5-6 litres.
3. Hence option (b) is correct: Blood sugar (fasting) - 70-100 mg/100 ml

Teacher's Note:
1. Blood is a fluid connective tissues.
2. Its cells consists of corpuscles.

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Saline water increases the blood pressure due to the presence of NaCl in it.
2. Hence, the reason for the assertion is false.
3. Hence option (c) is correct: Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. Blood pressure is the arterial pressure of blood exerted on the wall of arteries with each heart beat.
2. It is measured form the brachial artery in the elbow pit.
3. Hence option (b) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is expressed as systolic pressure (mm/Hg) diastolic pressure (mm/Hg) Arterial (superficial; arteries) blood pressure is measured by sphygmomanometer.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. WBC’s are wandering cells capable of coming out of blood capillaries by amoeboid movement called diapedesis.
2. Hence option (b) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. The basal metabatic rate is defined as the energy requirement of human body at rest.
2. BMR of smallest animals are generally higher then larger animals.
3. Hence option (b) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Peoples with higher metabolism means that they have higher heart rate.
2. Heart rate of baby is 70-190 times/minute, whereas adults (including serious) is 60-100 times/ minute.

Answer: (a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Explanation:
1. When the blood pressure of an individual decreases due to loss of blood volume, then vasoconstriction of veins occurs.
2. This shifts the little amount of blood from veins to arteries.
3. Hence option (a) is correct: Both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is a correct explanation of the Assertion.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember the sequence of the cardiac cycle and the ECG waves together with the heart sounds.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.

Answer: (a) O, Rh–

Explanation:
1. In an emergency the Rh group of the patient is also unknown.
2. Group O has no A or B antigen, so it is the universal donor.
3. Rh negative blood is safe because it cannot sensitise an Rh negative patient, so O, Rh– is the safest choice.
4. Hence option (a) is correct: O, Rh–

Teacher's Note:
1. According to ABO system of blood grouping, O type blood can be given to person of all types of blood, i.e., O, A, B and AB. Hence, a person with O type blood is called universal donor.
2. According to Rh system of blood grouping, most of the people have blood in which there is a substance called Rh factor.

Answer: (d) Contraction of both the atria

Explanation:
1. The P-wave is the electrical excitation (depolarisation) of the atria.
2. It leads to the contraction of both the atria.
3. The QRS complex represents depolarisation of the ventricles and the T-wave repolarisation.
4. Hence option (d) is correct: Contraction of both the atria

Teacher's Note:
1. The P-wave represents the electrical exci- tation (or depolarisation) of the atria, which leads to the contraction of both the atria.
2. The QRS complex represents the depolarisation of the ventricles, which ini- tiates the ventricular contraction.

Answer: (c) Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Explanation:
1. Haemophilia is caused by the lack of clotting factor VIII (or IX), so the Assertion is true.
2. Platelet numbers are normal in haemophilia and platelets do not produce prothrombin, so the Reason is false.
3. Hence option (c) is correct: Assertion is true but the Reason is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Haemophilia is caused by lack of activity of blood clotting factor VIII or IX and they show platelet function disorder.
2. Blood group, clotting and lymph questions are direct NCERT facts, so revise the tables.