NEET Biology Body Fluids and Circulation MCQs Set 26

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The action potential reaches the AV node from the SA node after a delay. This delay is important because:
(a) It allows atria to rest
(b) It allows a stronger right atrial contraction
(c) It allows ventricles to receive all the blood from the atria
(d) It allows the right atria to receive blood from the vena cava
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) It allows ventricles to receive all the blood from the atria

Explanation:
1. The delay gives the atria time to complete their contraction and empty all the blood into the ventricles before the ventricles contract.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 2: All components of the conducting system can generate an action potential for the contraction of heart muscle, but the SA node acts as the pacemaker because:
(a) All the components of the heart cannot conduct the action potential
(b) Only the SA node is autoexcitable and autorhythmic
(c) The SA node has a higher inherent rate of depolarisation
(d) The SA node has a lower inherent rate of depolarisation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) The SA node has a higher inherent rate of depolarisation

Explanation:
1. The SA node generates about 70-75 action potentials per minute, which is a higher rate than any other part, so it sets the pace of the heart.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 3: Which option represents the correct blood flow pathway in pulmonary circulation?
(a) Right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lung - pulmonary vein - right atrium
(b) Left ventricle - aorta - body - vena cava - right atrium
(c) Right ventricle - pulmonary vein - lung - pulmonary artery - left atrium
(d) Right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lung - pulmonary vein - left atrium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lung - pulmonary vein - left atrium

Explanation:
1. In pulmonary circulation, deoxygenated blood goes from the right ventricle through the pulmonary artery to the lungs and returns oxygenated through the pulmonary veins to the left atrium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 4: Which one of the following options is correctly matched with its category?
(a) Fish: single circulation, blood oxygenated by skin
(b) Amphibia: double circulation, oxygenated by gills
(c) Reptile: incomplete double circulation, oxygenated by lungs
(d) Aves: incomplete double circulation, oxygenated by lungs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Reptile: incomplete double circulation, oxygenated by lungs

Explanation:
1. Reptiles have a three chambered heart with incomplete double circulation, and their blood is oxygenated in the lungs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fishes use gills, amphibians use lungs and skin, and birds have complete double circulation.

Question 5: In humans, the stroke volume of the heart is normally:
(a) 5000 ml
(b) 120 ml
(c) 70 ml
(d) 200 ml
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) 70 ml

Explanation:
1. Each ventricle pumps out about 70 ml of blood per beat, which is the stroke volume.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cardiac output is 70 ml x 72 per minute, which is about 5000 ml.

Question 6: Which statement is correct about lymph (tissue fluid)?
(a) It does not have the same mineral distribution as that of blood plasma
(b) An elaborate network of vessels called the lymphatic system collects this fluid and drains it back into a number of minor veins
(c) Fats are reabsorbed through plasma in lacteals present in stomach villi
(d) Lymph is a colourless fluid containing specialised lymphocytes which are responsible for the immune responses of the body
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Lymph is a colourless fluid containing specialised lymphocytes which are responsible for the immune responses of the body

Explanation:
1. Lymph is a colourless fluid with lymphocytes and has almost the same mineral content as plasma.

Teacher's Note:
1. The lymphatic vessels drain into major veins, and lacteals are in the intestinal villi.

Question 7: Which of the following statements is incorrect?
(a) During a cardiac cycle each ventricle pumps out approximately 70 ml of blood
(b) Stroke volume multiplied by heart rate gives the cardiac output
(c) The body can alter the stroke volume as well as the heart rate
(d) The cardiac output of an athlete will be lesser than that of an ordinary man
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) The cardiac output of an athlete will be lesser than that of an ordinary man

Explanation:
1. An athlete has a higher stroke volume and can raise the cardiac output much more than an ordinary person.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 8: Which of the following statements are incorrect? (A) The electrical activity of the heart can be recorded from inside the body using an electrocardiograph. (B) Angina is a symptom of acute chest pain when not enough oxygen reaches the skeletal muscle of the heart. (C) Coronary artery disease is referred to as heart murmur. (D) Heart failure is known as cardiac arrest.
(a) A, B and C
(b) B, C and D
(c) B and C
(d) A, B, C and D
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) A, B, C and D

Explanation:
1. The ECG is recorded from the surface of the body, angina involves cardiac muscle, coronary artery disease is atherosclerosis, and heart failure differs from cardiac arrest.

Teacher's Note:
1. So all four statements are incorrect.

Question 9: Which of the following is correct about ECG?
(a) ECG is a graphical representation of the electrochemical activity of the brain
(b) For the detailed evaluation of the heart's function, multiple leads are attached to the abdominal region
(c) By counting the number of QRS complexes that occur in a given time period, we can find out the heart rate
(d) ECG obtained from different individuals have different shapes for a given lead configuration
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) By counting the number of QRS complexes that occur in a given time period, we can find out the heart rate

Explanation:
1. Each QRS complex represents one ventricular beat, so counting QRS complexes per minute gives the heart rate.

Teacher's Note:
1. ECG records the heart and not the brain, and multiple leads are placed on the chest and limbs.

Question 10: Pumping and resting pressure of the heart are related to:
(a) Diastolic and systolic pressure
(b) Systolic and diastolic pressure
(c) Partial pressure of O2 and CO2
(d) Both 2 and 3
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Systolic and diastolic pressure

Explanation:
1. The pressure during pumping (ventricular contraction) is the systolic pressure and during resting is the diastolic pressure.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 11: The pulmonary circulation is present between:
(a) Right ventricle and left ventricle
(b) Left ventricle and right atrium
(c) Right ventricle and left atrium
(d) Right ventricle and right atrium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Right ventricle and left atrium

Explanation:
1. Pulmonary circulation carries blood from the right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 12: How many of the following animals have double circulation with more than one atrium with the sinus venosus absent in their heart? Rabbit, rat, frog, dolphin, lizard, whale, peacock, pigeon, fish (catla), butterfly
(a) Five
(b) Eight
(c) Seven
(d) Six
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Six

Explanation:
1. Birds and mammals have a four chambered heart with a double circulation and no sinus venosus.
2. These are rabbit, rat, dolphin, whale, peacock and pigeon, so six.

Teacher's Note:
1. Frog and lizard have sinus venosus, fish has one atrium, and butterfly has an open system.

Question 13: Which term does not apply to the human heart?
(a) Four chambered
(b) Pacemaker
(c) Mitral valve
(d) Neurogenic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Neurogenic

Explanation:
1. The human heart is myogenic, which means the beat starts in the cardiac muscle, and not neurogenic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 14: The open type of circulatory system is found in:
(a) Toad
(b) Prawn
(c) Lizard
(d) Pigeon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Prawn

Explanation:
1. Arthropods like prawn have an open circulatory system.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vertebrates have a closed system.

Question 15: Blood will lose the maximum oxygen when it passes through:
(a) Alveolar capillaries
(b) Left atrium
(c) Arteries
(d) Tissue capillaries
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Tissue capillaries

Explanation:
1. Exchange of oxygen with tissues takes place across the tissue capillaries, where the blood gives up O2.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 16: As compared to an artery, a vein has:
(a) Thinner walls
(b) Larger lumen
(c) Less musculature
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Veins have thinner walls, less muscle and a wider lumen than arteries.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 17: Normally, the greater portion of circulating blood is present in the:
(a) Heart
(b) Large arteries
(c) Capillaries
(d) Large veins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Large veins

Explanation:
1. About 60-65% of blood is in the large veins, which act as a reservoir.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

Question 18: Which of the following events takes place in the cardiac cycle after the end of the first heart sound and before the onset of the second heart sound?
(a) Atrial systole and ventricular systole
(b) Atrial systole and ventricular diastole
(c) Atrial diastole and ventricular systole
(d) Joint diastole
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Atrial diastole and ventricular systole

Explanation:
1. The first sound marks the closing of AV valves at the start of ventricular systole, and the second sound marks the closing of semilunar valves at its end.

Teacher's Note:
1. So atria are in diastole and ventricles in systole between them.

Question 19: In order of blood flow from the right ventricle to the left ventricle in a mammalian heart, it must flow through: (I) right ventricle (II) pulmonary veins (III) left atrium (IV) lungs (V) pulmonary arteries
(a) I, V, IV, II, III
(b) I, II, III, IV, V
(c) III, V, I, II, IV
(d) III, II, I, IV, V
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) I, V, IV, II, III

Explanation:
1. The blood goes from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries, the lungs, the pulmonary veins and the left atrium, and then to the left ventricle.

Teacher's Note:
1. Revise this point from the NCERT chapter and link it with the related terms.

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