NEET Biology Body Fluids and Circulation MCQs Set 19

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Body Fluids and Circulation

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The sound of 'lubb' is produced during the closure of:
(a) Bicuspid valve
(b) Tricuspid valve
(c) Semilunar valves
(d) Both bicuspid and tricuspid valves
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both bicuspid and tricuspid valves

Explanation:
1. Closure of the AV (tricuspid and bicuspid) valves produces the first sound.

Teacher's Note:
1. Semilunar valves produce the second sound.

Question 2: Cardiac output is the blood:
(a) Received by the heart per minute
(b) Pumped by ventricles per second
(c) Pumped by each ventricle per minute
(d) Pumped by the left ventricle per hour
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Pumped by each ventricle per minute

Explanation:
1. Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in a minute.

Teacher's Note:
1. It equals stroke volume times heart rate.

Question 3: Tachycardia is:
(a) A fast heart rate
(b) A slow heart rate
(c) Stoppage of heart rate
(d) A normal heart rate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) A fast heart rate

Explanation:
1. Tachycardia is a heart rate faster than 100 per minute at rest.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bradycardia is slow.

Question 4: A heart 'murmur' disorder indicates a defect of:
(a) Bundle of His
(b) Heart valves
(c) Sinuatrial node
(d) Atrioventricular node
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Heart valves

Explanation:
1. Murmurs are abnormal sounds caused by leaky or narrowed valves.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are heard through a stethoscope.

Question 5: Examination of the blood of a person suspected of having anaemia shows large, immature, nucleated erythrocytes without haemoglobin. Supplementing the diet with which of the following is likely to alleviate his symptoms?
(a) Thiamine
(b) Folic acid and cobalamin
(c) Riboflavin
(d) Iron compounds
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Folic acid and cobalamin

Explanation:
1. Large immature nucleated RBCs indicate megaloblastic anaemia due to lack of folic acid and vitamin B12.

Teacher's Note:
1. Iron deficiency gives small, pale cells.

Question 6: Which one of the following mammalian cells is not capable of metabolising glucose to carbon dioxide aerobically?
(a) Red blood cells
(b) White blood cells
(c) Unstriated muscle cells
(d) Liver cells
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Red blood cells

Explanation:
1. Mature RBCs have no mitochondria, so they respire anaerobically.

Teacher's Note:
1. This conserves oxygen for transport.

Question 7: A drop of each of the following is placed separately on four slides. Which will NOT coagulate?
(a) Whole blood from pulmonary vein
(b) Blood plasma
(c) Blood serum
(d) Sample from the thoracic duct of the lymphatic system
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Blood serum

Explanation:
1. Serum has had its clotting factors removed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Plasma and lymph contain fibrinogen and clot.

Question 8: Which type of white blood cells is concerned with the release of histamine and the natural anticoagulant heparin?
(a) Eosinophils
(b) Monocytes
(c) Neutrophils
(d) Basophils
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Basophils

Explanation:
1. Basophils secrete histamine, serotonin and heparin.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eosinophils fight allergens and parasites.

Question 9: The most active phagocytic white blood cells are:
(a) Eosinophils and lymphocytes
(b) Neutrophils and monocytes
(c) Neutrophils and eosinophils
(d) Lymphocytes and macrophages
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Neutrophils and monocytes

Explanation:
1. Neutrophils and monocytes (macrophages) are the main phagocytes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Lymphocytes make antibodies.

Question 10: The most popularly known blood grouping is the ABO grouping. It is named ABO and not ABC because 'O' in it refers to having:
(a) No antigens A and B on RBCs
(b) Other antigens besides A and B on RBCs
(c) Overdominance of this type on the genes for A and B types
(d) One antibody only, either anti-A or anti-B on the RBCs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) No antigens A and B on RBCs

Explanation:
1. O stands for 'ohne' (without) antigens A and B.

Teacher's Note:
1. Group O has anti-A and anti-B in the plasma.

Question 11: The letter T in T-lymphocyte refers to:
(a) Thymus
(b) Thyroid
(c) Thalamus
(d) Tonsil
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Thymus

Explanation:
1. T cells mature in the thymus.

Teacher's Note:
1. B cells mature in the bone marrow.

Question 12: Compared to blood, our lymph has:
(a) More RBCs and less WBCs
(b) No plasma
(c) Plasma without proteins
(d) More WBCs and no RBCs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) More WBCs and no RBCs

Explanation:
1. Lymph is colourless, with no RBCs and with lymphocytes.

Teacher's Note:
1. It carries fats from the intestine.

Question 13: The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by which valve?
(a) Bicuspid valve
(b) Tricuspid valve
(c) Mitral valve
(d) Semilunar valve
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Tricuspid valve

Explanation:
1. The right AV opening is guarded by the tricuspid valve, with three flaps.

Teacher's Note:
1. The left AV opening has the bicuspid or mitral valve.

Question 14: How do parasympathetic neural signals affect the working of the heart?
(a) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output
(b) Heart rate is increased without affecting the cardiac output
(c) Both heart rate and cardiac output increase
(d) Heart rate decreases but cardiac output increases
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Reduce both heart rate and cardiac output

Explanation:
1. Parasympathetic signals slow the heart and reduce the force of contraction, so cardiac output falls.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sympathetic signals do the reverse.

Question 15: Blood pressure in the mammalian aorta is maximum during:
(a) Diastole of the right ventricle
(b) Systole of the left ventricle
(c) Diastole of the right atrium
(d) Systole of the left atrium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Systole of the left ventricle

Explanation:
1. Blood is forced into the aorta when the left ventricle contracts.

Teacher's Note:
1. This peak is the systolic pressure.

Question 16: Blood pressure in the pulmonary artery is:
(a) Same as that in the aorta
(b) More than that in the carotid
(c) More than that in the pulmonary vein
(d) Less than that in the venae cavae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) More than that in the pulmonary vein

Explanation:
1. The pulmonary circuit is a low-pressure circuit, but its artery has more pressure than its vein.

Teacher's Note:
1. Pressure falls along the circuit.

Question 17: Name the blood cells whose reduction in number can cause a clotting disorder, leading to excessive loss of blood from the body.
(a) Neutrophils
(b) Thrombocytes
(c) Erythrocytes
(d) Leucocytes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Thrombocytes

Explanation:
1. Thrombocytes (platelets) are essential for clotting.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fewer platelets means more bleeding.

Question 18: Serum differs from blood in:
(a) Lacking clotting factors
(b) Lacking antibodies
(c) Lacking globulins
(d) Lacking albumins
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Lacking clotting factors

Explanation:
1. Serum has no fibrinogen and clotting factors, as well as blood cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. It retains antibodies, albumin and globulins.

Question 19: Blood groups are controlled by antigens which are present:
(a) In plasma
(b) On the RBC membrane
(c) In red bone marrow
(d) On the WBC membrane
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) On the RBC membrane

Explanation:
1. ABO antigens are on the red cell membrane.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antibodies are present in the plasma.

Question 20: The superior vena cava receives blood from:
(a) Head, neck, chest
(b) Digestive system
(c) Lower limbs
(d) Diaphragm and legs
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Head, neck, chest

Explanation:
1. The superior vena cava drains the head, neck, arms and chest.

Teacher's Note:
1. The inferior vena cava drains lower parts.

Question 21: Adult human RBCs are enucleated. Which of the following statement(s) is/are most appropriate explanation for this feature? (a) They do not need to reproduce (b) They are somatic cells (c) They do not metabolise (d) All their internal space is available for oxygen transport
(a) Only (a)
(b) (a), (c) and (d)
(c) (b) and (c)
(d) Only (d)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Only (d)

Explanation:
1. Without a nucleus the whole cell volume can hold haemoglobin for oxygen transport.

Teacher's Note:
1. RBCs still metabolise glucose anaerobically.

Question 22: The hepatic portal vein drains blood to the liver from the:
(a) Stomach
(b) Kidneys
(c) Intestine
(d) Heart
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Intestine

Explanation:
1. The hepatic portal vein carries blood rich in absorbed nutrients from the intestine to the liver.

Teacher's Note:
1. It forms the hepatic portal system.

Question 23: A frog's heart when taken out of the body continues to beat for some time. Select the best option: (a) Frog is a poikilotherm (b) Frog does not have any coronary circulation (c) Heart is myogenic in nature (d) Heart is autoexcitable
(a) Only (d)
(b) (a) and (b)
(c) (c) and (d)
(d) Only (c)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) (c) and (d)

Explanation:
1. The heart is myogenic and autoexcitable, so it generates its own impulses without nerve input.

Teacher's Note:
1. Poikilothermy and lack of coronary circulation do not explain it.

Question 24: Which of the following is the correct statement about neutrophils?
(a) Maximum in number among WBCs
(b) Act as phagocytes and kill foreign material by producing antibodies
(c) Nucleus is bilobed
(d) Secrete serotonin and histamine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Maximum in number among WBCs

Explanation:
1. Neutrophils are the most numerous WBCs, with a 3 to 5 lobed nucleus, and kill microbes by phagocytosis. They do not make antibodies.

Teacher's Note:
1. Basophils secrete histamine and serotonin.

Question 25: Match the tricuspid valve (a), bicuspid valve (b) and semilunar valve (c) with the positions: i. between left atrium and left ventricle, ii. between right ventricle and pulmonary artery, iii. between right atrium and right ventricle.
(a) a-iii, b-i, c-ii
(b) a-i, b-iii, c-ii
(c) a-i, b-ii, c-iii
(d) a-ii, b-i, c-iii
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) a-iii, b-i, c-ii

Explanation:
1. The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and right ventricle, the bicuspid between the left atrium and left ventricle and the semilunar valve at the pulmonary artery.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember tri-right, bi-left.

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