NEET Biology Biomolecules MCQs Set 21

Biology Objective Questions and Answers: Biomolecules

Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Biomolecules designed to align with the latest NEET academic syllabus for NEET Biology. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following is a carbohydrate
(a) Glucose
(b) Glycine
(c) Glycerol
(d) Glutamine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Glucose

Explanation:
1. Glucose is a monosaccharide carbohydrate.
2. Glycine and glutamine are amino acids and glycerol is an alcohol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Carbohydrates: Cn(H2O)n.
2. Glycerol is a trihydric alcohol.

Question 2: How does glucose differ from sucrose, cellulose and starch?
(a) It is a carbohydrate
(b) It is a monosaccharide
(c) The others are polysaccharides
(d) It contains, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
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Answer: (b) It is a monosaccharide

Explanation:
1. Glucose is a monosaccharide, while sucrose (disaccharide), cellulose and starch (polysaccharides) are larger.
2. All contain C, H and O and are carbohydrates.

Teacher's Note:
1. Monosaccharide: one unit.
2. Polysaccharide: many units.

Question 3: Coconut oil and palm oil are more like animal fats than other plant oils. Because they.......... than other plant oils, they can contribute to cardiovascular disease:
(a) less saturated
(b) contain less hydrogen
(c) are less soluble in water
(d) contain fewer double bonds
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) contain fewer double bonds

Explanation:
1. Coconut and palm oils have fewer double bonds, so they are more saturated like animal fats.
2. Saturated fats can contribute to cardiovascular disease.

Teacher's Note:
1. Saturated: no double bond.
2. Unsaturated: liquid oils.

Question 4: The molecule used by most animal for long-term energy storage is:
(a) fat
(b) starch
(c) glycogen
(d) cholesterol
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Answer: (a) fat

Explanation:
1. Most animals store long-term energy as fat, since it has more energy per gram.
2. Glycogen is for short term storage and starch is the plant store.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fat: 9 kcal per g.
2. Carbohydrate: 4 kcal per g.

Question 5: Phospholipids are important cell membrane constituents because they:
(a) contain glycerol
(b) form bilayers in water
(c) combine covalently with proteins
(d) contain both polar and non-polar portion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) contain both polar and non-polar portion

Explanation:
1. A phospholipid has a polar head and non-polar tails, so it forms bilayers in water.
2. This is why it is important in membranes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amphipathic molecule.
2. Fluid mosaic model.

Question 6: Relation between amino acid and protein is similar to the one found between:
(a) thymine and uracil
(b) glucose and fructose
(c) nucleosides and nucleic acid
(d) nucleotides and nucleic acid
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Answer: (d) nucleotides and nucleic acid

Explanation:
1. Amino acids are the monomers of proteins, like nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids.
2. Thymine and uracil are different bases, glucose and fructose are isomers.

Teacher's Note:
1. Monomer to polymer.
2. Peptide bond joins amino acids.

Question 7: Match the correct explanation of the word and choose the true option:
(a) NaCI (salt)— Inorganic micromolecule
(b) H2O— Organic micromolecule
(c) Starch — Organic micromolecule
(d) Glucose — Inorganic micromolecule
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) NaCI (salt)— Inorganic micromolecule

Explanation:
1. NaCl is an inorganic micromolecule.
2. Water is also inorganic, and starch is a macromolecule and glucose is organic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Micro: less than 1000 Da.
2. Macro: polymers.

Question 8: Which of the following is not a chemical reaction?
(a) Solid ice melts to form liquid water
(b) Hydrogen gas combines with oxygen to form liquid water
(c) Sodium metal and chlorine gas unite to form sodium chloride
(d) Sugar and oxygen gas combine to form carbon dioxide and water
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Solid ice melts to form liquid water

Explanation:
1. Melting of ice is a physical change with no new substance formed.
2. The other three produce new compounds, so they are chemical reactions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Physical change: same substance.
2. Chemical change: new substance.

Question 9: The enzyme called pancreatic amylase is a protein whose job is to attach to starch molecules in food and help break them down to maltose. Amylase cannot break down cellulose. Why not?
(a) Cellulose molecules much too large
(b) Starch is made of glucose, cellulose is made of other sugars
(c) Cellulose is a kind of fat not a carbohydrate like starch
(d) The sugar in cellulose bond together differently than in starch, giving cellulose a different shape
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) The sugar in cellulose bond together differently than in starch, giving cellulose a different shape

Explanation:
1. Amylase acts on alpha-glycosidic bonds of starch.
2. Cellulose has beta-1,4 linkages, which give it a different shape the enzyme cannot fit.

Teacher's Note:
1. Enzymes are specific.
2. Humans lack cellulase.

Question 10: Which one of the following is not correct
(a) D(–) Fructose exists in furanose structure.
(b) D(+) Glucose exists in pyranose structure.
(c) In sucrose the two monosaccharides are held together by peptide linkage.
(d) Maltose is a reducing sugar.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) In sucrose the two monosaccharides are held together by peptide linkage.

Explanation:
1. Sucrose is made of glucose and fructose joined by a glycosidic linkage, not a peptide linkage.
2. The other statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Peptide bonds join amino acids.
2. Maltose is a reducing sugar.

Question 11: In cellulose, D-glucose units are joined by
(a) alpha-1,4 glycosidic linkage
(b) beta-1,6 glycosidic linkage
(c) beta-1,4 glycosidic linkage
(d) peptide linkage
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) beta-1,4 glycosidic linkage

Explanation:
1. In cellulose the glucose units are joined by beta-1,4 glycosidic linkages.
2. Starch has alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 linkages.

Teacher's Note:
1. Beta linkage makes straight chains.
2. Humans cannot digest it.

Question 12: Which of the following is correct statement for glycogen.
(a) also known as animal starch
(b) branched molecule
(c) two type of bond exists (1–4) & (1– 6) glycosidic bond
(d) All of the above
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) All of the above

Explanation:
1. Glycogen is animal starch, is a branched polysaccharide and has alpha-1,4 and alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds.
2. So all the statements are correct.

Teacher's Note:
1. Branches at every 8 to 12 units.
2. Stored in liver and muscle.

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