NEET Biology Biological Classification MCQs Set 13

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Biological Classification

Review structured MCQ sets for NEET Biology Biological Classification. Built according to official NEET guidelines, these downloadable questions support daily revision and core concept reinforcement.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Who gave the two kingdom system of classification?
(a) R.H. Whittaker
(b) Aristotle
(c) Carolus Linnaeus
(d) Carl Woese
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Carolus Linnaeus

Explanation:
1. Linnaeus divided all organisms into the kingdoms Plantae and Animalia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Whittaker proposed five kingdoms in 1969.

Question 2: Which was a demerit of the two kingdom system?
(a) It used too many kingdoms
(b) It did not distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, unicellular and multicellular, or autotrophs and heterotrophs
(c) It ignored plants
(d) It used only molecular data
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) It did not distinguish between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, unicellular and multicellular, or autotrophs and heterotrophs

Explanation:
1. Bacteria, fungi and unicellular algae were forced into plants or animals, ignoring basic differences.

Teacher's Note:
1. This gap led to the five kingdom system.

Question 3: Kingdoms of the five kingdom system that include unicellular eukaryotes are placed in
(a) Monera
(b) Fungi
(c) Protista
(d) Plantae
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Protista

Explanation:
1. Whittaker placed all unicellular eukaryotes, including Chlamydomonas and Amoeba, in Protista.

Teacher's Note:
1. Prokaryotes belong to Monera and are not in Protista.

Question 4: The five kingdom classification of Whittaker is based mainly on
(a) only habitat
(b) only DNA sequence
(c) cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition and reproduction
(d) only the number of chromosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) cell structure, body organisation, mode of nutrition and reproduction

Explanation:
1. Whittaker used complexity of cell structure and body organisation, nutrition, reproduction and phylogenetic relationships.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember these four criteria.

Question 5: Which kingdoms contain producers (autotrophs)?
(a) Monera, Protista and Plantae
(b) Monera, Fungi and Animalia
(c) Fungi and Plantae only
(d) Protista and Animalia only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Monera, Protista and Plantae

Explanation:
1. Producers occur in Monera (cyanobacteria), Protista (algae) and Plantae.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fungi and Animalia are only heterotrophic.

Question 6: On the basis of shape, bacteria are grouped into
(a) two groups: rods and spheres
(b) four groups: coccus, bacillus, vibrio and spirillum
(c) three groups: cocci, bacilli and spirochaetes only
(d) five groups including filamentous
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) four groups: coccus, bacillus, vibrio and spirillum

Explanation:
1. The four shapes are spherical coccus, rod-shaped bacillus, comma-shaped vibrio and spiral spirillum.

Teacher's Note:
1. Vibrio causes cholera.

Question 7: Which group of archaebacteria lives in the gut of ruminants and in marshy habitats and produces methane?
(a) Methanogens
(b) Halophiles
(c) Thermoacidophiles
(d) Cyanobacteria
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Methanogens

Explanation:
1. Methanogens produce methane (biogas) from dung and are found in the guts of cattle.

Teacher's Note:
1. Halophiles live in salty areas, thermoacidophiles in hot springs.

Question 8: Which organisms are the smallest living cells known and can survive without oxygen?
(a) Cyanobacteria
(b) Mycoplasma
(c) Diatoms
(d) Yeast
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Mycoplasma

Explanation:
1. Mycoplasma lack a cell wall, are the smallest living cells and can live without oxygen.

Teacher's Note:
1. They are the only prokaryotes without a cell wall.

Question 9: Cholera, typhoid, tetanus and citrus canker are well known diseases caused by
(a) viruses
(b) fungi
(c) bacteria
(d) protozoans
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) bacteria

Explanation:
1. These four diseases are bacterial.

Teacher's Note:
1. Citrus canker is a plant disease, caused by a bacterium.

Question 10: In Nostoc, the thick walled cell that fixes nitrogen is called
(a) akinete
(b) endospore
(c) heterocyst
(d) zoospore
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) heterocyst

Explanation:
1. A heterocyst is a specialised cell of filamentous cyanobacteria for nitrogen fixation.

Teacher's Note:
1. The mucilaginous sheath protects the colony from drying.

Question 11: Chief producers in the oceans are the
(a) diatoms (chrysophytes)
(b) dinoflagellates
(c) slime moulds
(d) euglenoids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) diatoms (chrysophytes)

Explanation:
1. Diatoms are the chief producers of the oceans among the chrysophytes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Their silica walls remain as diatomaceous earth.

Question 12: Which protists have two flagella, one lying longitudinally and the other transversely?
(a) Dinoflagellates
(b) Euglenoids
(c) Diatoms
(d) Slime moulds
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Dinoflagellates

Explanation:
1. Dinoflagellates have stiff cellulose plates on the cell wall and two flagella in grooves.

Teacher's Note:
1. Red tides are caused by rapid multiplication of Gonyaulax.

Question 13: Euglenoids have a protein rich layer called
(a) cuticle
(b) cell wall
(c) capsule
(d) pellicle
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) pellicle

Explanation:
1. The pellicle makes the body of Euglena flexible.

Teacher's Note:
1. Euglena is photosynthetic in light and heterotrophic in dark.

Question 14: Which protists are considered the primitive relatives of animals?
(a) Protozoans
(b) Slime moulds
(c) Dinoflagellates
(d) Diatoms
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Protozoans

Explanation:
1. Protozoans are heterotrophic and are the primitive relatives of animals.

Teacher's Note:
1. Examples: Amoeba, Paramecium, Plasmodium.

Question 15: Which organism is used to make bread and beer?
(a) Yeast
(b) Penicillium
(c) Neurospora
(d) Agaricus
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Yeast

Explanation:
1. Yeast (Saccharomyces) ferments sugars producing carbon dioxide and alcohol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Yeast is a unicellular fungus.

Question 16: Hyphae that are continuous tubes filled with multinucleated cytoplasm are called
(a) septate hyphae
(b) coenocytic hyphae
(c) haustoria
(d) rhizoids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) coenocytic hyphae

Explanation:
1. Aseptate hyphae with many nuclei in one cytoplasm are coenocytic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Septate hyphae have cross walls.

Question 17: The cell walls of fungi are made up of
(a) cellulose
(b) peptidoglycan
(c) chitin and polysaccharides
(d) pectin only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) chitin and polysaccharides

Explanation:
1. Fungal walls contain chitin and other polysaccharides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cellulose is the wall component of plants.

Question 18: The three steps of sexual reproduction in fungi, in order, are
(a) karyogamy, plasmogamy and meiosis
(b) plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis
(c) meiosis, plasmogamy and karyogamy
(d) plasmogamy, meiosis and karyogamy
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) plasmogamy, karyogamy and meiosis

Explanation:
1. Protoplasts fuse first, then the nuclei fuse, then the zygote undergoes meiosis.

Teacher's Note:
1. In higher fungi a dikaryon (n+n) stage appears after plasmogamy.

Question 19: In the fungal life cycle, the stage with two nuclei per cell (n+n) formed after plasmogamy is the
(a) synkaryon
(b) zygote
(c) spore
(d) dikaryon
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) dikaryon

Explanation:
1. Dikaryon arises before karyogamy, which forms the diploid synkaryon.

Teacher's Note:
1. The dikaryotic phase is long in Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes.

Question 20: Kingdom Fungi is divided into classes on the basis of
(a) presence of chlorophyll
(b) habitat only
(c) morphology of mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies
(d) number of chromosomes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) morphology of mycelium, mode of spore formation and fruiting bodies

Explanation:
1. These characters separate Phycomycetes, Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Deuteromycetes are called imperfect fungi because only the asexual phase is known.

Question 21: Members of which class of fungi occur in aquatic habitats, on decaying wood or as obligate parasites on plants?
(a) Ascomycetes
(b) Basidiomycetes
(c) Deuteromycetes
(d) Phycomycetes
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Phycomycetes

Explanation:
1. Mucor, Rhizopus and Albugo are phycomycetes.

Teacher's Note:
1. Their mycelium is aseptate and coenocytic.

Question 22: Basidiospores are produced
(a) exogenously on the basidium
(b) endogenously in asci
(c) inside sporangia
(d) in conidia only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) exogenously on the basidium

Explanation:
1. Basidiomycetes form four basidiospores outside the basidium, whereas ascospores form inside an ascus.

Teacher's Note:
1. Remember: Ascus gives endogenous ascospores, basidium gives exogenous basidiospores.

Question 23: In the life cycle of plants, the two distinct phases are
(a) haploid sporophyte and diploid gametophyte
(b) diploid zygote and haploid spore
(c) diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte
(d) diploid gamete and haploid zygote
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) diploid sporophyte and haploid gametophyte

Explanation:
1. Plants show alternation of generations between a diploid sporophyte and a haploid gametophyte.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sporophytes make spores by meiosis, gametophytes make gametes by mitosis.

Question 24: Which kingdom is characterised by heterotrophic multicellular eukaryotes whose cells lack a cell wall?
(a) Fungi
(b) Plantae
(c) Protista
(d) Animalia
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Animalia

Explanation:
1. Animal cells lack a cell wall, and animals feed holozoically.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fungi have a cell wall of chitin.

Question 25: Bladderwort and Venus fly trap are examples of insectivorous plants while Cuscuta is a
(a) saprophytic plant
(b) symbiotic plant
(c) parasitic plant
(d) epiphytic plant
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) parasitic plant

Explanation:
1. Cuscuta (dodder) is a parasite on host plants.

Teacher's Note:
1. Insectivorous plants are autotrophs that supplement nitrogen from insects.

Question 26: Who showed that the causative agent of mosaic disease of tobacco is smaller than bacteria?
(a) D.J. Ivanowsky
(b) T.O. Diener
(c) W.M. Stanley
(d) Louis Pasteur
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) D.J. Ivanowsky

Explanation:
1. Ivanowsky in 1892 showed the sap of infected plants remained infectious after passing through bacteria-proof filters.

Teacher's Note:
1. Stanley later crystallised the virus.

Question 27: In lichens, the algal and fungal components are known as
(a) mycobiont and phycobiont
(b) phycobiont and mycobiont
(c) cyanobiont and phycobiont
(d) zoobiont and mycobiont
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) phycobiont and mycobiont

Explanation:
1. The algal partner is the phycobiont and the fungal partner is the mycobiont.

Teacher's Note:
1. Algae make food, fungi give shelter and absorb water and minerals.

Question 28: The causal agent of potato spindle tuber disease, discovered by T.O. Diener, is a
(a) virus
(b) viroid
(c) bacterium
(d) prion
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) viroid

Explanation:
1. Viroids are smaller than viruses, have low molecular weight RNA and no protein coat.

Teacher's Note:
1. Viroids contain only RNA, while viruses have a capsid.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Biological Classification

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