NEET Biology Biodiversity and Conservation MCQs Set 14

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Biodiversity and Its Conservation

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: The term biodiversity was popularised by
(a) Charles Darwin
(b) Robert May
(c) Ernst Haeckel
(d) Edward Wilson
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Edward Wilson

Explanation:
1. Sociobiologist Edward Wilson popularised the term biodiversity.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biodiversity is the variety of life at all levels.

Question 2: Biodiversity is the combined diversity at all levels of biological organisation. The three important levels are
(a) genetic, population and community diversity
(b) species, genus and family diversity
(c) genetic, species and ecological diversity
(d) ecological, geographical and climatic diversity
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) genetic, species and ecological diversity

Explanation:
1. Genetic diversity occurs within a species, species diversity among species and ecological diversity among ecosystems.

Teacher's Note:
1. Western Ghats have high amphibian diversity (species diversity).

Question 3: According to the IUCN (2004), the number of plant and animal species described so far is more than
(a) 15,000
(b) 1.5 million
(c) 150 million
(d) 15 million
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) 1.5 million

Explanation:
1. The estimated total including undescribed species is much higher, around 7 million.

Teacher's Note:
1. Most species are insects.

Question 4: Of the recorded species, animals constitute more than ____ per cent and plants about ____ per cent.
(a) 70; 22
(b) 22; 70
(c) 50; 40
(d) 40; 50
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 70; 22

Explanation:
1. Among recorded species, animals are more than 70 per cent and plants about 22 per cent; insects are the most species-rich group.

Teacher's Note:
1. Fungi species outnumber fish, amphibians, reptiles and mammals together.

Question 5: India has only ____ per cent of the world's land area but about ____ per cent of global species diversity.
(a) 8.1; 2.4
(b) 10; 20
(c) 5; 15
(d) 2.4; 8.1
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 2.4; 8.1

Explanation:
1. India is one of the 12 mega-diversity countries.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is a mega-diversity country.

Question 6: Species diversity ____ as we move from the poles towards the equator.
(a) decreases
(b) remains the same
(c) increases
(d) first rises then falls only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) increases

Explanation:
1. Tropical regions have more species than temperate and polar regions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Colombia has about 1400 bird species, New York 105 and Greenland 56.

Question 7: The relationship between species richness and area for a wide variety of taxa is
(a) a straight line on both scales
(b) a rectangular hyperbola on a linear scale and a straight line on a log-log scale
(c) a circle
(d) an exponential on a log scale
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) a rectangular hyperbola on a linear scale and a straight line on a log-log scale

Explanation:
1. Alexander von Humboldt observed that species richness increases with area, up to a limit.

Teacher's Note:
1. On a log scale, log S = log C + Z log A.

Question 8: The value of the regression coefficient Z in the species-area relationship generally lies between
(a) 0.1 and 0.2
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 0.5 and 0.9
(d) 2 and 5
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 0.1 and 0.2

Explanation:
1. Z lies between 0.1 and 0.2 regardless of the taxonomic group or region; for very large areas such as continents it is steeper (0.6 to 1.2).

Teacher's Note:
1. S = C A^Z.

Question 9: In the rivet popper hypothesis, if an ecosystem is considered as an airplane, the rivets on its wings represent
(a) whole ecosystems
(b) populations only
(c) abiotic factors
(d) individual species
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) individual species

Explanation:
1. Paul Ehrlich proposed that removing a few rivets may not matter, but removing many weakens the plane, as species loss weakens the ecosystem.

Teacher's Note:
1. Some rivets (keystone species) are more critical than others.

Question 10: Match the extinct organism with its place: A Dodo, B Steller's sea cow, C Quagga, D Thylacine with i Australia, ii Mauritius, iii Africa, iv Russia. The correct pairing is
(a) A-iv, B-ii, C-iii, D-i
(b) A-ii, B-iv, C-i, D-iii
(c) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i
(d) A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A-ii, B-iv, C-iii, D-i

Explanation:
1. The dodo was from Mauritius, Steller's sea cow from Russia, quagga from Africa and thylacine (Tasmanian wolf) from Australia.

Teacher's Note:
1. Over 784 species have become extinct in the last 500 years.

Question 11: Loss of biodiversity in a region may result in (A) increased variability in plant productivity, water use, pests and disease cycles, (B) decline in plant production, (C) lowered resistance to environmental perturbations. Which are correct?
(a) A and B only
(b) A, B and C
(c) B and C only
(d) A only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A, B and C

Explanation:
1. All three are consequences of biodiversity loss.

Teacher's Note:
1. Biodiversity gives stability.

Question 12: How many of the following are part of the Evil Quartet causes of biodiversity loss: co-extinction, proto-cooperation, over-exploitation, predation, endemism, alien species invasion, habitat loss and fragmentation?
(a) Four
(b) Two
(c) Three
(d) Five
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Four

Explanation:
1. The evil quartet is habitat loss and fragmentation, over-exploitation, alien species invasions and co-extinctions.

Teacher's Note:
1. Habitat loss is the most important cause.

Free study material for Biology

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Biodiversity and Its Conservation

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FAQs

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