NEET Biology Animal Kingdom MCQs Set 26

Answer: (d) Statements (a), (b) and (d)

Explanation:
1. Statements (a), (b) and (d) are correct.
2. Sponges have cells arranged as loose aggregates, and not all multicellular animals show the same pattern of organisation.
3. Platyhelminthes show organ level, not cellular level, so (c) is wrong.

Teacher's Note:
1. Link each phylum with its level of organisation.

Answer: (d) All of these

Explanation:
1. Animals are classified using arrangement of cells, body symmetry, nature of coelom, germ layers and other features.
2. All of these are used.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn each criterion with an example.

Answer: (a) Pseudocoel

Explanation:
1. A coelom-like cavity formed from the blastocoel is a pseudocoel.
2. A true coelom arises from mesoderm.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aschelminthes are the standard pseudocoelomates.

Answer: (d) Species < genus < family < order PROTOZOA

Explanation:
1. The ascending order of the hierarchy is species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom.
2. Each higher rank includes many lower ones.

Teacher's Note:
1. Species is the lowest taxon.

Answer: (d) ii and iii

Explanation:
1. Plasmodium is a sporozoan and not an amoeboid protozoan, so row (i) is wrong.
2. Trypanosoma is a flagellate causing sleeping sickness and Paramecium is ciliated with a gullet.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rows ii and iii are correct.

Answer: (c) Radiolarians

Explanation:
1. Radiolarians (marine sarcodines) have a skeleton of silica.
2. Foraminiferans have a calcareous shell.

Teacher's Note:
1. Their skeletons make up ocean sediments.

Answer: (b) A-b-iv B-c-i C-d-ii D-a-iii

Explanation:
1. Leishmania causes kala-azar and is carried by the sand fly.
2. Trichonympha lives in termites and digests cellulose.
3. Nosema causes pebrine in silkworm and Trypanosoma cruzi causes Chagas disease through bugs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Option (b) gives all four matches.

Answer: (c) Contractile vacoule

Explanation:
1. Entamoeba is an endoparasite in the human intestine and has no contractile vacuole.
2. Amoeba has one for osmoregulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. Parasites live in an isotonic medium.

Answer: (d) Eukaryotic organisation

Explanation:
1. All protozoans are unicellular eukaryotes.
2. Locomotory organs, contractile vacuoles and holozoic nutrition are not present in every protozoan.

Teacher's Note:
1. Eukaryotic organisation is the only universal feature among the options.

Answer: (c) Pseudopodia

Explanation:
1. Rhizopods (sarcodines) move and feed with pseudopodia.
2. Cilia are found in ciliates.

Teacher's Note:
1. A pellicle is found in Paramecium and Euglena.

Answer: (c) A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii

Explanation:
1. Giardia causes diarrhoea, Leishmania tropica causes oriental sore and Babesia causes Texas fever.
2. Monocystis is a sporozoan of the earthworm seminal vesicles and causes sterility there.

Teacher's Note:
1. So A-iii, B-iv, C-i, D-ii is correct.

Answer: (d) Osmoregulation

Explanation:
1. The contractile vacuole removes excess water from freshwater protozoans like Amoeba.
2. It is the organelle for osmoregulation.

Teacher's Note:
1. It also helps excrete some wastes.

Answer: (c) Ciliata

Explanation:
1. Conjugation is a sexual process in ciliates such as Paramecium, with exchange of micronuclei.
2. Amoeba and sporozoans use other methods.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the reproduction type for each class.

Answer: (d) Triatoma

Explanation:
1. Trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of Chagas disease, is carried by the reduviid bug Triatoma.
2. Glossina (tsetse fly) carries T.
3. gambiense.

Teacher's Note:
1. Phlebotomus carries Leishmania.

Answer: (b) Reproductive activities

Explanation:
1. The micronucleus of Paramecium is the generative nucleus used in reproduction and conjugation.
2. The macronucleus controls metabolic activities.

Teacher's Note:
1. Paramecium has two kinds of nuclei.

Answer: (b) Plasmodium

Explanation:
1. Adult Plasmodium (a sporozoan) has no locomotory organ in the main stage.
2. Amoeba uses pseudopodia and Paramecium uses cilia.

Teacher's Note:
1. So locomotion is absent in Plasmodium.

Answer: (d) Amoeba

Explanation:
1. Amoeba has no fixed shape because it forms pseudopodia continuously.
2. Paramecium is slipper shaped and Euglena has a fairly fixed shape.

Teacher's Note:
1. Amoeba is the classic example.

Answer: (d) Paramoecium

Explanation:
1. Paramecium is called the slipper animalcule because of its slipper shape.
2. Euglena is spindle shaped.

Teacher's Note:
1. The shape is held by the pellicle.

Answer: (c) Uriniferous tubules of frog and man

Explanation:
1. The contractile vacuole of Amoeba removes extra water and wastes, so it is analogous to the uriniferous tubules (nephrons) of frog and man.
2. Sweat glands remove different substances.

Teacher's Note:
1. Analogy depends on function.

Answer: (d) Paramoecium caudatum

Explanation:
1. Paramecium caudatum has two kinds of nuclei, a macronucleus and a micronucleus, called dimorphic nuclei.
2. Amoeba and Plasmodium have a single type of nucleus.

Teacher's Note:
1. This is a unique protozoan feature.

Answer: (d) Euglena

Explanation:
1. Euglena has chlorophyll and makes food by photosynthesis, which is holophytic nutrition.
2. Amoeba and Giardia are heterotrophs.

Teacher's Note:
1. Euglena is thus both plant-like and animal-like.

Answer: (c) Sand fly

Explanation:
1. Kala-azar (visceral leishmaniasis) is spread by the sand fly Phlebotomus.
2. Tsetse fly spreads sleeping sickness.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn each disease with its vector.

Answer: (a) Sponges

Explanation:
1. Sponges (Porifera) show the cellular grade of organisation, where cells are loosely arranged without true tissues.
2. Coelenterates and ctenophores have tissue level.

Teacher's Note:
1. Platyhelminthes have organ level.

Answer: (d) Sponges show tissue level of organisation

Explanation:
1. Sponges show a cellular level of organisation, not a tissue level.
2. They are mostly marine and asymmetrical, have a canal system and reproduce both asexually and sexually.

Teacher's Note:
1. So (d) is not associated with them.

Answer: (c) Both 1 and 2

Explanation:
1. The skeleton of sponges is made of spicules or spongin fibres, or both.
2. Chitinous exoskeleton is not present.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bath sponges have spongin fibres.

Answer: (b) Mesenchyme

Explanation:
1. The middle layer of a sponge body wall is the gelatinous mesenchyme (mesohyl) between the choanocyte layer and the outer layer.
2. It is not mesoderm because sponges are diploblastic only in a loose sense.

Teacher's Note:
1. It contains amoebocytes.

Answer: (d) spongin fibre

Explanation:
1. A dried bath sponge has only the spongin fibre skeleton.
2. The living tissues are removed.

Teacher's Note:
1. Euspongia is the bath sponge.

Answer: (d) Sponge COELENTERATA, CTENOPHORA

Explanation:
1. The osculum is the large opening through which water leaves the sponge.
2. Hydra has a mouth and hypostome.

Teacher's Note:
1. Starfish has no osculum.