NEET Biology Anatomy of Flowering Plants MCQs Set 13

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology: Anatomy Of Flowering Plants

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: How many plants in the list have more than six (polyarch) vascular bundles in the roots? Sunflower, Cucurbita, maize, gram, grass, sugarcane, mango, rice
(a) Six
(b) Three
(c) Four
(d) Five
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Four

Explanation:
1. Monocot roots have more than six xylem bundles (polyarch).
2. Maize, grass, sugarcane and rice are monocots.

Teacher's Note:
1. Sunflower, Cucurbita, gram and mango are dicots with two to six bundles.
2. So four plants fit.

Question 2: Which meristems appear early in the life of a plant and contribute to the formation of the primary plant body?
(a) Apical meristem and interfascicular cambium
(b) Apical meristem and cork cambium
(c) Intercalary meristem and cork cambium
(d) Intercalary meristem and apical meristem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Intercalary meristem and apical meristem

Explanation:
1. Apical and intercalary meristems are primary meristems that form the primary plant body.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cork cambium and interfascicular cambium are secondary meristems.

Question 3: The meristem that occurs in the mature regions of roots and shoots of many plants, particularly those that produce woody axis, is:
(a) Apical meristem
(b) Lateral meristem
(c) Intercalary meristem
(d) Primary meristem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Lateral meristem

Explanation:
1. Lateral meristems (vascular cambium and cork cambium) cause the increase in girth.

Teacher's Note:
1. They occur in mature regions and produce secondary growth.
2. Apical meristems lie at the tips.

Question 4: Which tissue forms the major component within organs?
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
(d) Meristem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Parenchyma

Explanation:
1. Parenchyma is the most abundant simple tissue and forms the bulk of the ground tissue.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its cells are thin walled and living.
2. They store food and help in photosynthesis.

Question 5: Each vascular bundle is surrounded by a sclerenchymatous sheath in:
(a) Sunflower root
(b) Maize stem
(c) Sunflower stem
(d) Maize root
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Maize stem

Explanation:
1. In monocot stems, each vascular bundle is surrounded by a sclerenchymatous bundle sheath.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dicot stems have a ring of vascular bundles without a sheath around each.
2. Monocot bundles are scattered and closed.

Question 6: Which one of the following is an example of a primary lateral meristem?
(a) Phellogen
(b) Interfascicular cambium
(c) Intercalary meristem
(d) Intrafascicular cambium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Intrafascicular cambium

Explanation:
1. The intrafascicular cambium lies within the vascular bundle and develops from the procambium, so it is primary.

Teacher's Note:
1. Phellogen and interfascicular cambium are secondary meristems.
2. Intercalary meristem is a primary non-lateral meristem.

Question 7: Axillary buds are derived from:
(a) Intercalary meristem
(b) Apical meristem
(c) Lateral meristem
(d) Intrafascicular cambium
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Apical meristem

Explanation:
1. Axillary buds develop from a part of the shoot apical meristem left behind at the leaf axil.

Teacher's Note:
1. They can form branches or flowers.

Question 8: In the vascular bundles of dorsiventral and isobilateral leaves, protoxylem and protophloem respectively are situated towards:
(a) The adaxial and abaxial surface
(b) The abaxial and adaxial surface
(c) The lower and upper surface
(d) The lower surface only
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) The adaxial and abaxial surface

Explanation:
1. In a leaf the xylem lies towards the adaxial (upper) surface and the phloem towards the abaxial (lower) surface.

Teacher's Note:
1. So protoxylem is adaxial and protophloem is abaxial.
2. Protoxylem is the first formed xylem.

Question 9: A transverse section of a plant material shows sclerenchymatous hypodermis, scattered vascular bundles in ground tissue, peripheral vascular bundles generally smaller than the central ones, and conjoint, collateral, closed bundles with no phloem parenchyma. The plant material should be:
(a) Dicot root
(b) Dicot stem
(c) Monocot root
(d) Monocot stem
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Monocot stem

Explanation:
1. Scattered closed bundles, a sclerenchymatous hypodermis and no phloem parenchyma are the features of a monocot stem.

Teacher's Note:
1. A dicot stem has bundles in a ring and has open bundles.
2. Roots have radial bundles.

Question 10: Which is the correct match? (i) sieve cells and albuminous cells in angiosperms: Capsella, sunflower; (ii) sieve tubes and companion cells in gymnosperms: Cycas, Pinus; (iii) sieve tubes and companion cells in flowering plants: mango, maize.
(a) (i) only
(b) (i) and (ii)
(c) (iii) only
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) (iii) only

Explanation:
1. Flowering plants have sieve tubes with companion cells.
2. Gymnosperms have sieve cells with albuminous cells.

Teacher's Note:
1. So only (iii) is correct.
2. Cycas and Pinus are gymnosperms.

Question 11: Which simple tissue is composed of more or less elongated cells with primary, non-lignified cell walls that are unevenly thickened by localised deposition of pectin, cellulose and hemicellulose?
(a) Sclerenchyma
(b) Parenchyma
(c) Collenchyma
(d) Sclereids
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Collenchyma

Explanation:
1. Collenchyma has living cells with walls thickened at the corners with pectin, cellulose and hemicellulose.

Teacher's Note:
1. It gives mechanical support to young stems and petioles.
2. Sclerenchyma has lignified walls.

Question 12: A cross section of a plant material shows radially arranged vascular bundles, more than six xylem strands with exarch condition and a well developed pith. The plant material should be:
(a) Dicot stem
(b) Monocot stem
(c) Dicot root
(d) Monocot root
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Monocot root

Explanation:
1. Radial bundles with exarch xylem show a root, and more than six xylem strands (polyarch) with a large pith indicate a monocot root.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dicot roots have two to six strands and a small pith.
2. Stems have conjoint bundles.

Question 13: When secondary growth is initiated in a dicot root, which of the following happens first?
(a) Cambia initials between xylem and phloem of a conjoint bundle divide
(b) Pericycle outside the primary xylem divides
(c) Periclinal division takes place so that the cork cambium becomes circular
(d) Parenchymatous cells between xylem and phloem become meristematic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Parenchymatous cells between xylem and phloem become meristematic

Explanation:
1. In a dicot root, the parenchyma cells below the phloem bundles become meristematic first to form the cambium strips.

Teacher's Note:
1. The cambium then extends to the pericycle opposite the protoxylem to form a ring.
2. Roots have radial and not conjoint bundles.

Question 14: Which of the following is generally absent in primary phloem but found in secondary phloem?
(a) Phloem parenchyma
(b) Phloem fibres
(c) Sieve cells
(d) Xylem parenchyma
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Phloem fibres

Explanation:
1. Phloem fibres (bast fibres) are generally absent in the primary phloem of most plants but are present in the secondary phloem.

Teacher's Note:
1. Phloem parenchyma is present in both.
2. Phloem fibres are used for making ropes.

Question 15: Heartwood is characterised by all of the following except:
(a) Presence of tyloses
(b) Active in water conduction
(c) Its commercial importance for timber
(d) Presence of tannins, resins, oils and gum
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Active in water conduction

Explanation:
1. Heartwood is dark, dead and non-conducting, so it is not active in water conduction.

Teacher's Note:
1. Its vessels are blocked by tyloses and it contains tannins, resins and oils.
2. It is durable and is valued as timber.

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Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) for NEET Biology Anatomy Of Flowering Plants

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