Chemistry Objective Questions and Answers: Qualitative Salt Analysis
Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Qualitative Salt Analysis designed to align with the latest JEE academic syllabus for JEE Chemistry. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.
Download Qualitative Salt Analysis MCQs with Answers
Access the complete set of multiple-choice questions for Qualitative Salt Analysis below. This focused format allows students to isolate specific topics for thorough review and uninterrupted practice alongside official JEE textbooks.
Multiple Choice Questions
Reason (R): \( \ce{Ba(OH)2} \) is insoluble in water.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) A is false
Explanation:
1. Barium hydroxide is soluble in water, so it does not precipitate.
2. A is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) a colourless filtrate and a green residue
(b) a yellow filtrate and a green residue
(c) a yellow filtrate and a brown residue
(d) a green filtrate and a brown residue
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) a yellow filtrate and a brown residue
Explanation:
1. Sodium peroxide is a strong oxidant and alkali: Fe(II) goes to brown \( \ce{Fe(OH)3} \) (residue), Cr(III) to yellow chromate and Al to soluble aluminate (both in the filtrate).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) concentration of Mn is lowered by the formation of complex ions with chloride ions
(b) solubility product of \( \ce{MnCl2} \) is less than that of MnS
(c) concentration of sulphide ions is lowered by oxidation to free sulphur
(d) concentration of sulphide ions is lowered by formation of the weak acid \( \ce{H2S} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) concentration of sulphide ions is lowered by formation of the weak acid \( \ce{H2S} \)
Explanation:
1. MnS has a relatively high \( K_{sp} \).
2. Sulphide ions combine with \( \ce{H^+} \) from HCl to form weakly ionised \( \ce{H2S} \), so the ionic product falls below \( K_{sp} \) and MnS dissolves.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) sulphite
(b) thiosulphate
(c) sulphate
(d) sulphide
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) sulphide
Explanation:
1. Sulphide evolves \( \ce{H2S} \) with dilute acid, which blackens lead acetate paper (PbS).
2. Sulphite and thiosulphate give \( \ce{SO2} \) with dilute acid, which does not blacken lead acetate paper.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) potassium
(b) strontium
(c) barium
(d) calcium
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) barium
Explanation:
1. Barium gives a grassy (apple) green flame; calcium is brick red, strontium crimson and potassium lilac.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{BaS2O3} \)
(b) \( \ce{CuSO4} \)
(c) \( \ce{NiSO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{PbS2O3} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{BaS2O3} \)
Explanation:
1. Thiosulphate with dilute HCl gives \( \ce{SO2} \) (pungent) and yellow sulphur.
2. The green flame and yellow \( \ce{BaCrO4} \) with chromate show barium.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): \( CO3^{2-} \) can only be detected in the dil. acid test.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) A is false
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{ZnCO3 + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2O + CO2} \): carbonate gives \( \ce{CO2} \) with conc. sulphuric acid as well.
2. A is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{[Fe(H2O)5(NO)]^{2+}} \)
(b) \( \ce{[Fe(NO)(CN)5]^{2-}} \)
(c) \( \ce{[Fe(H2O)4(NO)2]^{2+}} \)
(d) \( \ce{[Fe(H2O)6]^{2+}} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{[Fe(H2O)5(NO)]^{2+}} \)
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{[Fe(H2O)6]^{2+} + NO -> [Fe(H2O)5(NO)]^{2+} + H2O} \).
2. The brown ring is pentaaquanitrosyliron(II).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): BaS is insoluble in water.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) A is false
Explanation:
1. Sulphides do not give a precipitate with barium chloride because BaS is soluble in water; a white precipitate is formed with sulphates.
2. Both A and R are false (A is false).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): Lime water is calcium hydroxide, \( \ce{Ca(OH)2} \).
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{Ca(OH)2 + CO2 -> CaCO3 + H2O} \) (turbid) and \( \ce{CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O -> Ca(HCO3)2} \) (clear).
2. R is true but does not explain the clearing on excess \( \ce{CO2} \).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): It is due to the formation of a soluble complex.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{AgCl + 2NH3 -> [Ag(NH3)2]Cl} \): complex formation explains the dissolution.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): All chlorides react with conc. \( \ce{H2SO4} \), on heating, to give HCl.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{PbCl2 + H2SO4 -> PbSO4 + 2HCl} \).
2. The general reaction of chlorides with conc. sulphuric acid explains the assertion.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): All \( Cu^{2+} \) salts are blue in colour.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) A is false
Explanation:
1. CuS is a black precipitate.
2. A is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): Copper reacts with conc. \( \ce{HNO3} \) to give \( \ce{NO2} \).
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
1. Nitrate with conc. \( \ce{H2SO4} \) gives \( \ce{HNO3} \), and copper reduces it to brown \( \ce{NO2} \): \( \ce{Cu + 4HNO3 -> Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O} \).
2. R explains why the brown fumes intensify.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{Ni} \)
(b) \( \ce{Co} \)
(c) \( \ce{Cu} \)
(d) \( \ce{Cr} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) \( \ce{Cr} \)
Explanation:
1. Chromium gives an emerald green bead in both flames; cobalt is blue, nickel brown and copper blue (oxidising) or red (reducing).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): In this reaction \( \ce{SO2} \) acts as a reducing agent.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{Cr2O7^{2-} + 3SO2 + 2H^+ -> 2Cr^{3+} + 3SO4^{2-} + H2O} \).
2. Orange Cr(VI) is reduced to green Cr(III) because \( \ce{SO2} \) reduces it.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) zinc carbonate
(b) lead carbonate
(c) lead sulphate
(d) zinc sulphate
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) zinc carbonate
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{ZnCO3 -> ZnO + CO2} \).
2. ZnO is yellow when hot and white when cold.
3. Lead carbonate would leave PbO, which is yellow when cold; sulphates do not give \( \ce{CO2} \).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): Cd salts are yellow in colour.
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) A is true but R is false
Explanation:
1. CdS is a yellow precipitate (group II test for cadmium).
2. Cadmium salts such as \( \ce{CdSO4} \) and \( \ce{CdCl2} \) are colourless or white, so R is false.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{FeSO4.(NH4)2SO4.6H2O} \)
(b) \( \ce{Na(NH4)HPO4.4H2O} \)
(c) \( \ce{CaSO4.2H2O} \)
(d) \( \ce{K2SO4.Al2(SO4)3.24H2O} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) \( \ce{Na(NH4)HPO4.4H2O} \)
Explanation:
1. Microcosmic salt, sodium ammonium hydrogen phosphate, gives a glassy bead of \( \ce{NaPO3} \) with which coloured metaphosphates are formed.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{CO3^{2-}} \)
(b) \( \ce{NO2^-} \)
(c) \( \ce{Cl^-} \)
(d) \( \ce{S^{2-}} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (a) \( \ce{CO3^{2-}} \)
Explanation:
1. Nitrite, sulphide and (in strongly acidic solution) chloride are reducing and decolourise permanganate.
2. Carbonate only gives \( \ce{CO2} \) with acid and cannot reduce permanganate.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
Reason (R): All sulphides react with dil. \( \ce{H2SO4} \), on heating, to give \( \ce{H2S} \).
Select the correct option.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (d) A is false
Explanation:
1. CuS has a very small solubility product and does not dissolve in dilute acids, so no \( \ce{H2S} \) is evolved.
2. A is false (and R is also false).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{BaSO4} \)
(b) \( \ce{PbSO4} \)
(c) \( \ce{SrSO4} \)
(d) \( \ce{CdSO4} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) \( \ce{PbSO4} \)
Explanation:
1. Black PbS dissolves in hot nitric acid to give \( \ce{Pb(NO3)2} \), and sulphuric acid precipitates white \( \ce{PbSO4} \).
2. Barium and strontium are not precipitated by \( \ce{H2S} \), and CdS is yellow.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) sodium chloride
(b) sodium phosphate
(c) sodium sulphate
(d) sodium carbonate
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) sodium sulphate
Explanation:
1. Barium phosphate and carbonate dissolve in strong acid.
2. Only \( \ce{BaSO4} \) is insoluble in acids.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) \( \ce{Pb3O4} \)
(b) \( \ce{(NH4)2Cr2O7} \)
(c) \( \ce{HgI2} \)
(d) \( \ce{HgO} \)
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (c) \( \ce{HgI2} \)
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{HgI2 + 2KI -> K2[HgI4]} \) dissolves it.
2. On heating \( \ce{HgI2 -> Hg + I2} \): violet iodine vapour and mercury droplets.
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
(a) cationic part
(b) anionic part
(c) both in cationic and anionic parts
(d) there is no zinc in the solution
Show Answer & Explanation
Answer: (b) anionic part
Explanation:
1. \( \ce{Zn(OH)2 + 2OH^- -> [Zn(OH)4]^{2-}} \): zinc is present in the anion (zincate).
Teacher's Note:
1. Learn the colour of each precipitate, gas and flame test; they identify the ion directly.
2. Write the equation of the test reaction; the explanation usually follows from it.
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Practice MCQs for JEE Chemistry Qualitative Salt Analysis
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FAQs
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