JEE Chemistry General Principles and Processes Of Isolation Of Elements MCQs Set 22

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Chapter-wise Objective Questions: General Principles and Processes Of Isolation Of Elements

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: In which of the following metallurgical processes is self-reduction not possible?
(a) ZnS → Zn
(b) PbS → Pb
(c) Cu2S → Cu
(d) HgS → Hg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) ZnS → Zn

Explanation:
1. Self-reduction (roasting partly and then heating without air) works for the sulphides of Pb, Cu and Hg, whose oxides are easily reduced by the remaining sulphide.
2. ZnO is stable and needs carbon for reduction.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 2: During the extraction of Ag and Au using KCN solution and Zn, the cyanide ions and Zn act respectively as:
(a) A reducing agent and an oxidising agent
(b) A complexing agent and a reducing agent
(c) An oxidising agent and a complexing agent
(d) A reducing agent and a complexing agent
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) A complexing agent and a reducing agent

Explanation:
1. CN- forms soluble complexes such as [Ag(CN)2]-.
2. Zinc displaces the metal: 2[Ag(CN)2]- + Zn → [Zn(CN)4]2- + 2Ag, so Zn is the reducing agent.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 3: Match the methods in Column I with the metals in Column II. (a) Zone refining (b) Mond process (c) Van Arkel method (d) Electrolytic refining; (P) Ge, Si, Ga (Q) Cu (R) Zr, Ti (S) Ni.
(a) (a) P (b) S (c) R (d) Q
(b) (a) S (b) Q (c) P (d) R
(c) (a) R (b) Q (c) P (d) S
(d) (a) Q (b) R (c) P (d) S
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) (a) P (b) S (c) R (d) Q

Explanation:
1. Zone refining gives ultra-pure semiconductors (Ge, Si, Ga).
2. The Mond process refines Ni, the Van Arkel method refines Zr and Ti, and electrolytic refining purifies Cu.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 4: Which of the following is incorrectly matched?
(a) Electrolytic reduction : extraction of Al
(b) Cyanide process : reduction of Pb
(c) Leaching : extraction of Ag
(d) Zone refining : ultra-pure Ge
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Cyanide process : reduction of Pb

Explanation:
1. The cyanide process is used to extract Ag and Au, not Pb (lead is obtained from galena by roasting and reduction).
2. The other matches are correct.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 5: Sheelite (CaWO4) is an ore of tungsten and contains the tungstate ion. The tungstate ion is also present in:
(a) Limonite
(b) Dolomite
(c) Wolframite
(d) Siderite
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Wolframite

Explanation:
1. Wolframite, (Fe,Mn)WO4, is the other important tungsten ore containing tungstate.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 6: (i) A (amorphous solid) burns in air to give B, which turns lime water milky. (ii) A metal sulphide on roasting gives gas B, which decolourises acidified KMnO4. (iii) B converts Fe3+ to Fe2+. The correct statement is:
(a) A is FeO
(b) B is CO2
(c) B is SO2
(d) A is ZnS
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) B is SO2

Explanation:
1. SO2 turns lime water milky, decolourises acidified KMnO4 and reduces Fe3+ to Fe2+.
2. So B is SO2 (and A is sulphur).
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 7: Which is the correct match of metal and purification method?
(a) Zr : polling
(b) Zn : Van Arkel
(c) Ni : distillation
(d) Ge : zone refining
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Ge : zone refining

Explanation:
1. Ge is made ultra-pure by zone refining.
2. Zr is purified by the Van Arkel method, Zn by distillation and Ni by the Mond process; polling is for Cu.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 8: Thermite is a mixture of:
(a) Zn + Mg
(b) Fe + Al
(c) Fe2O3 + Al
(d) Cu + Mg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Fe2O3 + Al

Explanation:
1. Thermite is a mixture of iron(III) oxide and aluminium powder, used in welding.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 9: A sulphide ore is:
(a) Copper pyrites
(b) Malachite
(c) Haematite
(d) Magnesite
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Copper pyrites

Explanation:
1. Copper pyrites is CuFeS2.
2. Malachite and magnesite are carbonates and haematite is an oxide.
3. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 10: Which of the following metals is leached by the cyanide process?
(a) Ag
(b) Na
(c) Al
(d) Cu
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Ag

Explanation:
1. Silver (and gold) ores dissolve in dilute NaCN solution to form soluble cyanide complexes.
2. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 11: Which of the following is concentrated by the froth-flotation method?
(a) Cassiterite
(b) Magnetite
(c) Malachite
(d) Galena
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Galena

Explanation:
1. Froth flotation is used for sulphide ores such as galena (PbS).
2. Cassiterite and magnetite are oxides and malachite is a carbonate.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 12: The substance used as a froth stabiliser in the froth-flotation process is:
(a) Copper sulphate
(b) Aniline
(c) Sodium cyanide
(d) Potassium ethyl xanthate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Aniline

Explanation:
1. Aniline and cresols stabilise the froth.
2. Potassium ethyl xanthate is a collector and NaCN a depressant.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 13: In the froth-flotation process for the benefaction of ores, the ore particles float because:
(a) They are light
(b) Their surface is not easily wetted by water
(c) They bear electrostatic charge
(d) They are insoluble
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Their surface is not easily wetted by water

Explanation:
1. The collector makes the sulphide particles water-repellent, so they stick to air bubbles and rise in the froth.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 14: Pyrolusite is a/an:
(a) Oxide ore
(b) Sulphide ore
(c) Carbide ore
(d) Not an ore
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Oxide ore

Explanation:
1. Pyrolusite is MnO2, an oxide ore of manganese.
2. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 15: Which of the following metals is not extracted by electrolysis?
(a) Na
(b) Mg
(c) Al
(d) Fe
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Fe

Explanation:
1. Na, Mg and Al are strongly electropositive and are obtained by electrolysis of their molten compounds.
2. Iron is obtained by reduction of its oxides with carbon monoxide or coke.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 16: The function of flux during the smelting of an ore is:
(a) To make the ore porous
(b) To remove the gangue
(c) To facilitate reduction
(d) To facilitate oxidation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) To remove the gangue

Explanation:
1. A flux combines with the gangue to form a fusible slag, which is easily separated from the molten metal.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 17: Complex formation is used for the extraction of:
(a) Zn
(b) Ag
(c) Hg
(d) Cu
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Ag

Explanation:
1. Silver is leached as the soluble complex [Ag(CN)2]-.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 18: Generally, self-reduction of a sulphide ore takes place during:
(a) Roasting
(b) Smelting
(c) Calcination
(d) Cupellation
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Roasting

Explanation:
1. In partial roasting a part of the sulphide is converted to oxide, which then reacts with the remaining sulphide to give the metal and SO2.
2. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 19: The purest form of iron is:
(a) Cast iron
(b) Wrought iron
(c) Pig iron
(d) None of these
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Wrought iron

Explanation:
1. Wrought iron contains only about 0.2% carbon, the lowest among the commercial forms.
2. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 20: Calcination is the process of heating the ore:
(a) In inert gas
(b) In the presence of air
(c) In the absence of air or in a limited supply of air
(d) In the presence of CaO and MgO
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) In the absence of air or in a limited supply of air

Explanation:
1. Calcination removes moisture and volatile impurities and decomposes carbonates in the absence of, or with limited, air.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 21: Zone refining has been employed for preparing ultrapure samples of:
(a) Cu
(b) Zn
(c) Ge
(d) Ag
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Ge

Explanation:
1. Zone refining is used for semiconductors and other metals needing very high purity, such as Ge, Si and Ga.
2. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 22: Which method of purification is represented by the equations Ti (impure) + 2I2 → TiI4 (500 K) and TiI4 → Ti (pure) + 2I2 (1675 K)?
(a) Cupellation
(b) Poling
(c) Van Arkel process
(d) Zone refining
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Van Arkel process

Explanation:
1. The metal forms a volatile iodide that decomposes on a hot tungsten filament to give the pure metal.
2. This is the Van Arkel method, used for Ti and Zr.
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 23: When copper ore is mixed with silica in a reverberatory furnace, the copper matte produced contains:
(a) Sulphides of copper(II) and iron(II)
(b) Sulphides of copper(II) and iron(III)
(c) Sulphides of copper(I) and iron(II)
(d) Sulphides of copper(I) and iron(III)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Sulphides of copper(I) and iron(II)

Explanation:
1. Copper matte is a mixture of Cu2S and FeS.
2. So it contains sulphides of copper(I) and iron(II).
3. Answer: (c)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 24: Which of the following reactions is an example of autoreduction?
(a) Fe3O4 + 4CO → 3Fe + 4CO2
(b) Cu2O + C → 2Cu + CO
(c) Cu2+(aq) + Fe(s) → Cu(s) + Fe2+
(d) Cu2O + 1/2 Cu2S → 3Cu + 1/2 SO2
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Cu2O + 1/2 Cu2S → 3Cu + 1/2 SO2

Explanation:
1. In autoreduction the metal compound is reduced by another compound of the same metal, here Cu2S reducing Cu2O.
2. The other reactions use an external reducing agent.
3. Answer: (d)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 25: Zone refining is based on the principle that:
(a) Impurities of low-boiling metals can be separated by distillation
(b) Impurities are more soluble in the molten metal than in the solid metal
(c) Different components of a mixture are differently adsorbed on an adsorbent
(d) Vapours of a volatile compound can be decomposed to give the pure metal
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Impurities are more soluble in the molten metal than in the solid metal

Explanation:
1. As the heater moves along the rod, impurities stay in the molten zone and are swept to one end.
2. The pure metal crystallises from the molten zone behind it.
3. Answer: (b)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

Question 26: Electrolytic refining is used to purify which of the following metals?
(a) Cu and Zn
(b) Ge and Si
(c) Zr and Ti
(d) Zn and Hg
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Cu and Zn

Explanation:
1. Metals such as Cu, Zn, Ag, Al and Sn are refined electrolytically, with the impure metal as anode and pure metal as cathode.
2. Answer: (a)

Teacher's Note:
1. Work through each option against the rule or structure involved before choosing. Remember the exceptions your textbook lists.

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