JEE Chemistry Chemistry In Everyday Life MCQs Set 22

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Access targeted multiple-choice questions for Chemistry In Everyday Life designed to align with the latest JEE academic syllabus for JEE Chemistry. These objective practice sets help students evaluate their conceptual understanding and improve exam readiness.

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Multiple Choice Questions

Question 1: Which of the following is an alkaloid?
(a) Morphine
(b) Codeine
(c) Aspirin
(d) Both morphine and codeine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Both morphine and codeine

Explanation:
1. Morphine and codeine are nitrogen-containing plant products (opium alkaloids). Aspirin is a synthetic compound.

Teacher's Note:
1. Opium alkaloids are narcotic analgesics.

Question 2: Chemically, codeine is:
(a) Monomethylated morphine
(b) Dimethylated morphine
(c) Monobenzoate of morphine
(d) Dibenzoate of morphine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Monomethylated morphine

Explanation:
1. Codeine is the methyl ether of morphine (one -OH group of morphine is methylated).

Teacher's Note:
1. Heroin is diacetyl morphine.

Question 3: Aspirin is administered as a salt or with sodium hydrogencarbonate to avoid the side effect of compound X formed on its hydrolysis. X is:
(a) Sulphuric acid
(b) Acetic acid
(c) Phenol
(d) 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid)
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid)

Explanation:
1. Aspirin hydrolyses in the stomach to salicylic acid and ethanoic acid. Salicylic acid is the irritant to the stomach lining.

Teacher's Note:
1. Soluble aspirin is the sodium or calcium salt.

Question 4: A substance that acts both as an analgesic and as an antipyretic is:
(a) Quinine
(b) Aspirin
(c) Penicillin
(d) Insulin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Aspirin

Explanation:
1. Aspirin relieves pain and reduces fever by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aspirin is also an anti-blood-clotting agent.

Question 5: Aspirin is chemically known as:
(a) Phenyl salicylate
(b) Acetylsalicylate of sodium
(c) Methyl salicylic acid
(d) Acetylsalicylic acid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Acetylsalicylic acid

Explanation:
1. Aspirin is 2-acetoxybenzoic acid, i.e. acetylsalicylic acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aspirin is the acetyl ester of salicylic acid.

Question 6: Which of the following is used as an antipyretic?
(a) Paracetamol
(b) Chloroquine
(c) Chloramphenicol
(d) LSD
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Paracetamol

Explanation:
1. Paracetamol (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol) reduces fever. Chloroquine is antimalarial, chloramphenicol is an antibiotic and LSD is a hallucinogen.

Teacher's Note:
1. Paracetamol is the most widely used antipyretic.

Question 7: Veronal, a barbituric acid derivative, is used as a:
(a) Anaesthetic
(b) Sedative
(c) Antiseptic
(d) Antacid
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sedative

Explanation:
1. Barbiturates such as veronal and luminal are tranquillisers that induce sleep.

Teacher's Note:
1. Barbituric acid derivatives are sleeping pills.

Question 8: The substance used in birth control pills is:
(a) Tetracycline
(b) Sulphadiazine
(c) Novestrol
(d) Penicillin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Novestrol

Explanation:
1. Antifertility drugs are synthetic progesterone or oestrogen derivatives, such as norethindrone (novestrol) and ethynylestradiol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Oral contraceptives are hormone-based.

Question 9: Which of the following is NOT a bacteriostatic antibiotic?
(a) Tetracycline
(b) Penicillin
(c) Erythromycin
(d) Chloramphenicol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Penicillin

Explanation:
1. Penicillin kills bacteria (bactericidal). Tetracycline, erythromycin and chloramphenicol only stop their growth.

Teacher's Note:
1. Bactericidal kills, bacteriostatic inhibits.

Question 10: The antibiotic used against typhoid, pneumonia and bronchitis is:
(a) Penicillin
(b) Tetracycline
(c) Ofloxacin
(d) Chloramphenicol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Chloramphenicol

Explanation:
1. Chloramphenicol is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is effective against typhoid fever, dysentery, acute fever, pneumonia and meningitis.

Teacher's Note:
1. Broad spectrum means it acts on many types of bacteria.

Question 11: Chloroxylenol is an important component of:
(a) Soap
(b) Dettol
(c) Antibiotics
(d) Pain-killing ointments
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Dettol

Explanation:
1. Dettol is a mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol in a suitable solvent.

Teacher's Note:
1. Dettol is an antiseptic.

Question 12: Which of the following is added to soaps to impart antiseptic properties?
(a) Bithional
(b) Luminal
(c) Veronal
(d) Chloral
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) Bithional

Explanation:
1. Bithional is added to medicated soaps and acts as an antiseptic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Luminal and veronal are sedatives.

Question 13: The antiseptic chloroxylenol is:
(a) 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol
(b) 3-Chloro-4,5-dimethylphenol
(c) 4-Chloro-2,5-dimethylphenol
(d) 5-Chloro-3,4-dimethylphenol
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol

Explanation:
1. Chloroxylenol is para-chloro-meta-xylenol, i.e. 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol.

Teacher's Note:
1. Para means position 4.

Question 14: Which of the following is NOT an insecticide?
(a) DDT
(b) BHC
(c) Carbaryl (Sevin)
(d) Aspartame
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (d) Aspartame

Explanation:
1. Aspartame is an artificial sweetener. The others are insecticides.

Teacher's Note:
1. Aspartame is a dipeptide ester.

Question 15: The most commonly used food preservative is:
(a) Sodium cyclamate
(b) Sodium benzoate
(c) Sodium acetate
(d) Vanillin
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sodium benzoate

Explanation:
1. Sodium benzoate is widely used and is excreted as hippuric acid.

Teacher's Note:
1. Cyclamate is a sweetener.

Question 16: Which of the following is used to prevent the oxidation of fats in processed food?
(a) Sodium sulphate
(b) Sodium sulphite
(c) BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene)
(d) Sodium metabisulphite
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene)

Explanation:
1. BHT and BHA are antioxidants that prevent rancidity of fats and oils.

Teacher's Note:
1. Antioxidants are added to fatty foods.

Question 17: The artificial sweetener aspartame is the methyl ester of the dipeptide:
(a) Glycylalanine
(b) Aspartylphenylalanine
(c) Phenylalanylaspartic acid
(d) Alanylglycine
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Aspartylphenylalanine

Explanation:
1. Aspartame is L-aspartyl-L-phenylalanine methyl ester. It is unstable at cooking temperature.

Teacher's Note:
1. It is about 100 times sweeter than sugar.

Question 18: Which of the following enhances the lathering property of soap?
(a) Sodium carbonate
(b) Sodium rosinate
(c) Sodium stearate
(d) Trisodium phosphate
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (b) Sodium rosinate

Explanation:
1. Sodium rosinate, made from rosin, is added to give a better lather.

Teacher's Note:
1. Rosin improves lather.

Question 19: Polyethylene glycols are used in the preparation of which type of detergents?
(a) Cationic
(b) Anionic
(c) Non-ionic
(d) Soaps
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Non-ionic

Explanation:
1. Non-ionic detergents are formed by reacting a long-chain alcohol or stearic acid with ethylene oxide, giving a polyethoxy chain.

Teacher's Note:
1. No ionic charge exists in the head group.

Question 20: Detergents are better than soaps because:
(a) They are less affected by hard water
(b) They can be used in acidic solution
(c) Both of these
(d) They are more costly
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) Both of these

Explanation:
1. Detergents give soluble Ca and Mg salts, so they lather in hard water, and they work in acidic medium, where soaps give insoluble fatty acids.

Teacher's Note:
1. Soaps precipitate Ca2+ and Mg2+ as scum.

Question 21: Match: 1) Morphine, 2) Aspirin, 3) Paracetamol, 4) Luminal with a) Antipyretic, b) Narcotic analgesic, c) Tranquilliser, d) Non-narcotic analgesic.
(a) 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c
(b) 1-b, 2-c, 3-e, 4-d
(c) 1-d, 2-b, 3-a, 4-c
(d) 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 1-b, 2-d, 3-a, 4-c

Explanation:
1. Morphine is a narcotic analgesic, aspirin a non-narcotic analgesic, paracetamol an antipyretic and luminal a barbiturate tranquilliser.

Teacher's Note:
1. Match drugs with their class.

Question 22: Match: 1) Antihistamine, 2) Analgesic, 3) Antibacterial, 4) Antiseptic with a) Salvarsan, b) Bithional, c) Brompheniramine, d) Heroin.
(a) 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b
(b) 1-d, 2-c, 3-b, 4-a
(c) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d
(d) 1-b, 2-a, 3-d, 4-c
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 1-c, 2-d, 3-a, 4-b

Explanation:
1. Brompheniramine is an antihistamine, heroin an analgesic, salvarsan an antibacterial and bithional an antiseptic.

Teacher's Note:
1. Learn one example for each class.

Question 23: Match the detergent structure with its type: 1) \( \ce{CH3(CH2)16COO(CH2CH2O)nCH2CH2OH} \), 2) \( \ce{C17H35COONa} \), 3) \( \ce{CH3(CH2)10CH2OSO3-Na+} \), 4) a long-chain quaternary ammonium bromide.
(a) 1-nonionic, 2-soap, 3-anionic, 4-cationic
(b) 1-anionic, 2-nonionic, 3-cationic, 4-soap
(c) 1-soap, 2-cationic, 3-nonionic, 4-anionic
(d) 1-cationic, 2-anionic, 3-soap, 4-nonionic
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (a) 1-nonionic, 2-soap, 3-anionic, 4-cationic

Explanation:
1. Polyethoxy ester with no charge is non-ionic; sodium stearate is soap; sodium alkyl sulphate is an anionic detergent; quaternary ammonium salt is a cationic detergent.

Teacher's Note:
1. Look at the charge on the hydrophilic head.

Question 24: Assertion (A): Food preservatives prevent the growth of microorganisms.
Reason (R): Food preservatives have nutritive value.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Show Answer & Explanation

Answer: (c) A is true but R is false.

Explanation:
1. Preservatives such as sodium benzoate inhibit microbial growth. They have no nutritive value, so R is false.

Teacher's Note:
1. Preservatives are not nutrients.

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